Church of Satan
Not to be confused
with The Satanic Temple.
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Church of Satan |
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Sigil of Baphomet, an official symbol of
LaVeyan Satanism[1] |
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Abbreviation |
CoS |
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Type |
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Classification |
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Orientation |
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Theology |
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Structure |
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High Priest |
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Associations |
Non-ecumenical |
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Region |
International |
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Headquarters |
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Founder |
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Origin |
April 30, 1966 |
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Separations |
First Satanic Church (1999), Temple of Set (1975) |
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Members |
Not disclosed |
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Other name(s) |
The Satanic Church |
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Publications |
The Black
Flame, The Cloven
Hoof |
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Official website |
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Part of a series on |
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The Sigil of Baphomet is the official
symbol of LaVeyan Satanism and the Church of Satan. |
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Central Organization |
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Church of
Satan · (see also The Black
House, Grotto, Council of Nine) |
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Notable people |
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Anton LaVey · Blanche Barton ·Peter H. Gilmore · Peggy Nadramia ·Diane Hegarty · Karla LaVey |
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Texts |
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The Satanic Bible · The Satanic Rituals ·The Satanic Witch · The Devil's Notebook ·Satan Speaks! · Letters from the
Devil ·The Secret
Life of a Satanist ·The Church of
Satan · The Satanic
Scriptures |
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Media |
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The Satanic Mass · Satanis:
The Devil's Mass ·Speak
of the Devil: The Canon of Anton LaVey ·Satan Takes a
Holiday · Strange Music ·Death Scenes |
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Related Topics |
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Greater and
lesser magic · Satanic holidays ·The Black
Flame · The infernal names ·Enochian Keys · Hail Satan · Sign of the horns ·An Interview with Peter H. Gilmore |
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v ·
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e |
The Church of
Satan is a religious
organization dedicated to Satanism as codified in The Satanic Bible. The Church of Satan was
established at the Black House in San Francisco, California, on Walpurgisnacht, April 30, 1966, by Anton Szandor LaVey, who was the
Church's High Priest until his death in 1997. In
2001, Peter H. Gilmore was
appointed to the position of High Priest, and the church's headquarters were
moved to Hell's Kitchen,
Manhattan, New York City.[2]
The church does not
believe in the Devil, nor a Christian or Islamic notion of Satan.[3] Peter H. Gilmore
describes its members as "skeptical atheists",
embracing the Hebrew root of the word "Satan"
as "adversary". The church views Satan as a positive archetype who
represents pride, individualism, and enlightenment,
and as a symbol of defiance against the Abrahamic faiths which LaVey criticized
for what he saw as the suppression of humanity's natural instincts.
The Church of Satan
describes its structural basis as a cabal that is "an
underground cell-system of individuals who share the basis of [our]
philosophy".[4]Membership in the Church
of Satan is available on two levels: registered membership and active
membership. Registered members are those who choose to affiliate on a formal
level by filling out the required information and sending a one time
registration fee. Active membership is available for those who wish to take a
more active role in the organization, and is subject to the completion of a
more comprehensive application.[5] The organization
does not disclose official membership numbers. The church provides wedding, funeral,
and baptismal services to members. Such ceremonies are performed by a member of
the church's priesthood.
The Church maintains a
purist approach to Satanism as expounded by LaVey,[6]rejecting the legitimacy
of any other organizations who claim to be Satanists.[7][8]Scholars agree that there
is no reliably documented case of Satanic continuity prior to the founding of
the Church of Satan.[9] It was the first
organized church in modern times to be devoted to the figure of Satan,[6] and according to
Faxneld and Petersen, the Church represented "the first public, highly
visible, and long-lasting organization which propounded a coherent satanic
discourse".[10]
Contents
·
1Beliefs
·
2History
o 2.1Pre-establishment
(1950s–1965)
o 2.2Formation,
rituals and publicity (1966–1978)
o 2.31980s and early
1990s and "Satanic Panic"
o 3.2Priesthood of
Mendes & Council of Nine
·
5Legacy
o 8.2Books by Peter
H. Gilmore
Beliefs[]
Main article: LaVeyan Satanism
The Church views Satan as
an archetype of pride, individualism, and enlightenment.
The Church does not
espouse a belief in Satan as an entity who literally exists,[11] and LaVey did not
encourage the worship of Satan as a deity.[12] In an interview
with David Shankbone,
High Priest Peter H. Gilmore stated "My real feeling is that anybody who
believes in supernatural entities on some level is insane. Whether they believe
in the Devil or God, they are abdicating reason".[13] Gilmore defines the
word "Satan" as "a model or a mode of behavior", noting
that in Hebrew the word means "adversary" or "opposer",
which can be regarded as "one who questions".[13] Gilmore describes
Satanism as beginning with atheism, and taking the view that the universe is
indifferent: "There's no God, there's no Devil. No one cares!"[13] LaVey sought to
cement his belief system within the secularist world-view that derived
from natural science,
thus providing him with an anti-theistic basis with which to criticize Christianity and other supernaturalist
beliefs.[14] He legitimized his
religion by highlighting what he claimed was its rational nature, contrasting
this with what he saw as the supernaturalist irrationality of established
religions.[15]
Church members may also
participate in a system of magic which LaVey defined as greater and lesser
magic.[16] Greater magic is a
form of ritual practice and is meant as psychodramatic catharsis to
focus one's emotional energy for a specific purpose; lesser magic is the
practice of manipulation by
means of applied psychology and glamour (or "wile
and guile") to bend an individual or situation to one's will.[17] Although many of
LaVey's ideas are shaped around a secular and scientific world-view, others
express the belief that there are various magical forces in existence; rather
than characterising these as supernatural, LaVey
expressed the view that they were part of the natural world yet thus far
undiscovered by science.[18] He believed that
the successful use of magic involved the magician manipulating these natural
forces using the force of their own willpower,[15] a trait of the
religion that has been compared with Christian Science and Scientology.[15] Outlined in The
Satanic Bible, LaVey defined magic as "the change in situations or
events in accordance with one's will, which would, using normally accepted methods,
be unchangeable."[19]
The term "Theistic
Satanism" has been described as "oxymoronic"
by the church and its High Priest.[20] The Church of Satan
rejects the legitimacy of any other organizations who claim to be Satanists, atheistic
or otherwise,[21] dubbing them
reverse-Christians, pseudo-Satanists or Devil worshipers.[21] Prominent Church
leader Blanche Barton described
Satanism as "an alignment, a lifestyle".[22] LaVey and the
Church espoused the view that "Satanists are born, not made";[23] that they are
outsiders by their nature, living as they see fit,[24] who are
self-realized in a religion which appeals to the would-be Satanist's nature,
leading them to realize they are Satanists through finding a belief system that
is in line with their own perspective and lifestyle.[25]Adherents to the
philosophy have described Satanism as a non-spiritual religion
of the flesh, or
"...the world's first carnalreligion".[26] The "central
convictions" of the Church are formulated in the Nine Satanic Statements, Eleven Satanic Rules of
the Earth, Nine Satanic Sins,
and Pentagonal Revisionism,
which are regularly reproduced within the Church of Satan's written material.[27]
History[]
Pre-establishment
(1950s–1965)[]
In 1956, LaVey purchased a
Victorian house in the Richmond District of San Francisco, which he painted
black.[28] During the late
1950s, LaVey hosted Friday night lectures on occult subjects at his house. The
process of writing his lectures led him to distill his philosophy based on his
earlier research into topics considered bizarre and arcane, and experiences as
a psychic investigator and hypnotist, as well as work in the carnivals.[29] He gradually
gathered regular visitors who became known as the "Magic Circle".[30]During this time, LaVey
also held "witches workshops", classes to instruct women on the art
of seduction and manipulation through glamour and feminine wiles.[31] According to
sociologist and early group affiliate, Randall Alfred, these
"workshops" included "various aspects of Satanism" and were
part of the Friday night lectures.[32] Though actual
numbers are unknown, it has been suggested that the group comprised around twenty
people. Accounts suggest that the "circle" included authors, artists,
doctors, policemen, and academics among other professions.[30]
In the early 1960s Anton LaVey formed a group called the
Order of the Trapezoid, which later became the governing body of the Church of
Satan. The group included: "The Baroness" Carin de Plessen, Dr. Cecil
Nixon, Kenneth Anger, City Assessor Russell Wolden,
and Donald Werby.[33][34] According to the
Church of Satan historiography, other LaVey associates from this time include
noted science fiction and horror writers Anthony Boucher, August Derleth, Robert Barbour Johnson, Reginald Bretnor, Emil Petaja, Stuart Palmer, Clark Ashton Smith, Forrest J. Ackerman,[35] and Fritz Leiber Jr.
In the mid-60's, prior to
the publishing of The Satanic Bible,
LaVey's writings were disseminated among his circle in the form of a series of
papers known as the "rainbow sheets", an assortment of essays
describing the philosophy, presented as "an introduction to
Satanism". These essays were later featured in The Book of Lucifer.
In addition was a paper describing magic and containing instructions for the
practice or ritual.[36][37]
Formation,
rituals and publicity (1966–1978)[]
LaVey founded the Church
of Satan on Walpurgisnacht of
1966, which he proclaimed to be "the Year One", Anno Satanas—the
first year of the "Age of Satan".[38] LaVey began
performing weekly Satanic rituals with followers at his house in San Francisco, which was known as
"the Black House".[39] In February 1967,
LaVey and the Church performed a much publicized Satanic marriage of Judith
Case and journalist John Raymond. The ceremony was attended by Joe Rosenthal. LaVey performed the first
publicly recorded Satanic baptism in history for his youngest daughter Zeena, which garnered worldwide publicity and
was originally recorded on The Satanic Mass LP.[40][41][42][43]
LaVey attracted a number
of celebrities to join his Church, most notably Sammy Davis Junior and Jayne Mansfield.[44] LaVey also
established branches of the Church, known as grottos, in various parts
of the United States; these included the Babylon Grotto in Detroit,
the Stygian Grotto in Dayton, and the Lilith Grotto in New York City.[45] The Church of Satan
was the subject of a number of books, magazine and newspaper articles during
the 1960s and 1970s. It is also the subject of a documentary, Satanis (1970).
LaVey appeared in Kenneth Anger's
film Invocation
of My Demon Brother, acted as technical adviser on The Devil's Rain, which starred Ernest Borgnine, William Shatner, and introduced John Travolta.
LaVey ceased conducting
group rituals and workshops in his home in 1972.[46] In 1973, church leaders
in Michigan, Ohio, and Florida split to form their own Church of Satanic
Brotherhood, however this disbanded in 1974 when one of its founders publicly
converted to Christianity.[47] Subsequently,
members of the Church of Satan based in Kentucky and Indiana left to found the
Ordo Templi Satanis.[47] In 1975, LaVey
phased out the Church's "Grotto" system and eliminated people he
thought were using the Church as a substitute for accomplishment in the outside
world. Thereafter, conventional achievement in society would be the criterion
for advancement within the Church of Satan.
1980s
and early 1990s and "Satanic Panic"[]
In the 1980s the media reported
concerns of criminal conspiracies within the Church of Satan. The FBI would
later issue an official report refuting the criminal conspiracy theories of
this time. This phenomenon became known as the "Satanic Panic".
LaVey's daughter Zeena was the
spokesperson and High Priestess in the Church of Satan during the 1980s.[48] During this period,
she appeared on television and radio broadcasts, in part to educate the Church,
and in part to debunk the mythology surrounding the Satanic Panic—a period of
time in the same era in which Satanism was blamed for the actions of Satanic ritual abuse.
From then until her
renunciation of the Church of Satan in 1990, Zeena appeared in such nationally
syndicated programs as The Phil Donahue Show, Nightline with Ted Koppel, Entertainment Tonight, The Late
Show, Secrets & Mysteries and the Sally Jesse
Raphael Show. The appearances were made at the behest of the
Church of Satan as its spokesperson. She did this on behalf of her father Anton LaVey, who was no longer interested in making
media appearances, as she stated while being interviewed alongside her husband
by televangelist Bob Larson.[49]
In the 1980s and 1990s
remaining members of the Church of Satan became active in media appearances to
refute allegations of criminal activity. The Church of Satan and its members
were very active in producing movies, music, films, and magazines devoted to
Satanism. Most notably Adam Parfrey's Feral House publishing, the music
of Boyd Rice, musician King Diamond, and the films of Nick Bougas (a.k.a. A. Wyatt Mann),[50][51] including his
documentary Speak
of the Devil: The Canon of Anton LaVey.[citation needed] The Church of Satan
and Anton LaVey were also the subject of numerous magazine and news articles
during this time.[citation needed]
After
LaVey[]
High
Priest Peter H. Gilmore.
|
|
news has related news:Satanism: An interview with Church of Satan High Priest
Peter Gilmore |
After LaVey's death in
1997, leadership of the Church was turned over to his partner, Blanche Barton.[52] On November 7,
1997 Karla LaVey made a press release
continuing the church with fellow high priestess Blanche Barton. Barton eventually received
ownership of the organization, which she held for 4 years. Karla LaVey ultimately
left the Church of Satan and founded First Satanic Church.[53] That year, the
Church established an official website.[54] In 2001, Blanche
ceded her position to longtime members Peter H. Gilmore and Peggy Nadramia, the current High Priest and
High Priestess and publishers of The Black Flame, the official
magazine of The Church of Satan.[52] The Central Office
of the Church of Satan has also moved from San Francisco to New York City's Hell's Kitchenneighborhood.
After LaVey's death,
conflict over the nature of Satanism intensified within the Satanic community.[55] The Church of Satan
became increasingly doctrinally-rigid and focused on maintaining the purity of
LaVeyan Satanism.[6] The Church's
increased emphasis on their role as the bearer of his legacy was partly a
response to the growth in non-LaVeyan Satanists.[6] Some Church members
– including Gilmore[54] – claimed that only
they were the "real" Satanists and that those belonging to different
Satanic traditions were "pseudo" Satanists.[6] After examining
many of these claims on the Church's website, Lewis concluded that it was
"obsessed with shoring up its own legitimacy by attacking the
heretics, especially those who criticize LaVey".[47] Meanwhile, the
Church experienced an exodus of its membership in the 2000s, with many of these
individuals establishing new groups online.[55]
In October 2004 the Royal Navy officially recognised its
first registered Satanist, 24-year-old Chris Cranmer, as a technician on HMS Cumberland.[56]
On June 6, 2006 the
Church of Satan held the first public ritual Satanic Mass in 40 years at
the Steve Allen Theater in
the Center for Inquiry in Los Angeles to mark the Church's fortieth
birthday.[57] The ritual, based
on the rites outlined in The Satanic Bible and The Satanic Rituals, was conducted by
Reverend Bryan Moore and Priestess Heather Saenz.[58]
In December 2007
the Associated Press reported
on a story concerning the Church of Satan, in which a teenager had sent an email
to High Priest Gilmore stating he wanted to "kill in the name of our
unholy lord Satan". Gilmore then reported the message
to the Federal
Bureau of Investigation, who informed local police, who arrested the
teenager.[59]
Timeline
Membership[]
Membership to the Church
is gained by paying $225 and filling out a registration statement,[60] and thus initiates
are bestowed with lifetime memberships and not charged annual fees.[61] The church
emphasizes that one does not have to join the organization to consider oneself
a Satanist, and that one only needs to recognize himself in The Satanic Bible
and live according to the tenets outlined therein. The Church states they do
not solicit memberships nor proselytize.[62]
As the Church does not
publicly release membership information, it is not publicly known how many
members belong to the Church.[63] The 1973 US Army
Chaplain's Handbook written by Cecil D Lewis stated that once memberships
reached ten thousand the figures were no longer made public.[64] The 2000 ion of the
Chaplain's handbook ed by J. Gordon Melton, removed this observation and simply
stated the Church does not publish membership information.[65] According to the
Church of Satan web page, memberships are for a lifetime and membership has
"always grown as the years pass".[66] Despite no official
published membership number, the issue of membership size continues to be
debated. According to Maxwell Davies, estimates have placed membership from 300
to 20,000.[67] Sociologist Massimo Introvigne placed membership at
1,000 in 1997, and in his 2016 book Satanism: A Social History stated
that Church membership probably "never exceeded one or two thousand".[67][68] In a 1988 TV
appearance, then Church of Satan spokesperson Zeena LaVey answered Geraldo Rivera's question membership numbers
by stating "hundreds of thousands? I can't say, thousands
easily." [69] According to
scholar of religion and ordained minister in the United Methodist Church J. Gordon Melton, Church of Satan "always
counted its active membership in the hundreds".[70]"Active membership"
is an application dependent subset of the total membership.[71] According to an
interview with the Church of Satan, "interest in the Church of Satan and
Satanism is growing all the time if our mailboxes, answering and fax machines,
and e-mail is any indication."[72] While not
indicative of active membership, the organization's social media accounts have
hundreds of thousands of followers.[73][74][75]
Memberships may be
terminated on written request of the member, at the discretion of the ruling
body of the Church of Satan consisting of the High Priest, the High Priestess,
and the Council of Nine.
Church membership
operates on a system of degrees, with active membership being
the first degree. One must apply and be approved for an active membership, and this
is subject to one's answers to a lengthy series of questions. Promotion to a
higher degree is by invitation only, and the requirements for each degree are
not open to the public. Members of the third through fifth degrees constitute
the Priesthood.[63] LaVey implemented a
system of five initiatory levels that the Satanist could advance through by
demonstrating knowledge of Satanic philosophy and personal accomplishments in
life.[61] These were known as
Apprentice (Satanist I°), Brother/Sister of the Cauldron (Witch or Warlock
II°), Priest/ Priestess of Mendes (Wizard or Enchantress III°), Magister
Cavemi/Magister Templi/Magister Magnus (Magister IV°), and Magister Satanas
(Magus V°).[76]
Hierarchy[]
·
Registered Member (no degree)
·
Active Member (first degree)
·
Witcharlock (second degree)
·
Priestess/Priest (third degree)
·
Magistra/Magister (fourth degree)
·
Maga/Magius (fifth degree).
Priesthood
of Mendes & Council of Nine[]
Members of the Priesthood
make up the Council of Nine,
which is the ruling body of the Church of Satan, of which Magistra Templi
Rex Blanche Barton is the chairmistress.[63] Individuals who are
part of the priesthood are those who act as spokespersons of the Church of
Satan. The priesthood is exclusive to third, fourth, and fifth degree members.
Members of the priesthood may be referred to as "reverend". The High Priest and Priestess act as
administrative chiefs and primary public representatives; each position (High
Priest and High Priestess) is held by a single individual at a time. The
current High Priest is Peter H. Gilmore,
the current High Priestess is Peggy Nadramia.
The
Grotto System[]
Within the Church,
a Grotto (from
Italian grotta, a type of cave) is a clandestine association
or gathering of Satanists within geographical proximity for means of social,
ritual, and special interest activities.[77] The Black House,
the founding place and headquarters of the Church of Satan from 1966 to 1997,
was effectively the first grotto, and was for a time referred to as the
"Central Grotto".[78][79] Grottos existed for
a time in various parts of the United States; these included the Babylon Grotto
in Detroit, the Stygian Grotto in Dayton,
and the Lilith Grotto in New York.[45] In 1975, LaVey
disbanded all grottos,[80] then reinstated
them in the 1980s.[81] The Church of Satan
no longer formally recognizes or charters grottos.[82]
Formal gatherings[]
6/6/06
High Mass[]
On June 6, 2006 the
Church of Satan conducted a Satanic High Mass at the Center for Inquiry West's Steve Allen Theater in Los Angeles,
California. The event was by invitation only, and over one hundred
members of the Church of Satan from around the world filled the theatre to
capacity. The event was documented, and many members of the Church of Satan
were interviewed, by the BBCwith permission.[83] The main ritual,
based on the rites outlined in The Satanic Bible and The Satanic Rituals, was conducted by
Reverend Bryan Moore and Priestess Heather Saenz.[58][84] The music for the
mass was created and performed by Lustmord and was
subsequently released on his album Rising.[85]
Legacy[]
LaVey is thought to be directly
responsible for the genesis of Satanism as a serious religious movement.[86] Scholars agree that
there is no reliably documented case of Satanic continuity prior to the
founding of the Church of Satan.[9] It was the first
organized church in modern times to be devoted to the figure of Satan,[6] and according to
Faxneld and Petersen, the Church represented "the first public, highly
visible, and long-lasting organization which propounded a coherent satanic
discourse".[10]
See also[]
References[]
1. ^ Gilmore, Magus Peter H. "F.A.Q. Symbols and Symbolism".
Church of Satan. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
2. ^ Popular Witchcraft: Straight from the Witch's Mouth &
Jack Fritscher 2004, p. 27.
3. ^ "Satanism: An interview with Church of Satan High
Priest Peter H. Gilmore". news. 2007-11-05.
Retrieved 2013-09-09.
4. ^ Handbook of Religion and the Authority of Science &
James R. Lewis, Olav Hammer 2010, p. 86.
5. ^ Investigating Religious Terrorism and Ritualistic Crimes
& Dawn Perlmutter 2004, p. 128.
6. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f Lewis 2002, p. 5.
7. ^ Ohlheiser, Abby
(2014-11-07). "The Church of Satan wants you to stop calling these
'devil worshiping' alleged murderers Satanists". The Washington
Post. Retrieved 2015-11-19.
8. ^ n:Satanism: An interview with Church of Satan High Priest
Peter Gilmore
9. ^ Jump up to:a b Contemporary Esotericism, Asprem & Granholm 2014,
p. 75.
10. ^ Jump up to:a b Faxneld & Petersen 2013, p. 81.
11. ^ Harvey 1995, p. 290.
12. ^ La Fontaine 1999, p. 97.
13. ^ Jump up to:a b c Interview with Peter H. Gilmore, David
Shankbone, news, November 5, 2007.
14. ^ Lewis 2002, p. 4; Petersen 2005, p. 434.
15. ^ Jump up to:a b c Lewis 2002, p. 4.
16. ^ Gardell 2003, p. 289; Petersen 2012, pp. 95–96; Lap 2013, p. 97.
17. ^ The Command to Look: A Master Photographer's Method for
Controlling the Human Gaze & George Dunham 2014, p. 203.
18. ^ Lewis 2002, pp. 3–4.
19. ^ Gardell 2003, pp. 288–289; Petersen 2012, p. 95; Lap 2013, p. 96.
20. ^ High Priest;
Magus Peter H. Gilmore. "F.A.Q. Fundamental Beliefs". churchofsatan.com.
21. ^ Jump up to:a b Ohlheiser,
Abby (7 November 2014). "The Church of Satan wants you to stop calling these
'devil worshiping' alleged murderers Satanists". The
Washington Post. Retrieved 2015-11-19.
22. ^ La Fontaine 1999, p. 99.
23. ^ Contemporary Religious Satanism: A Critical Anthology
& Petersen 2009, p. 9.
24. ^ The Devil's Party: Satanism in Modernity & Faxneld,
Petersen 2013, p. 129.
25. ^ Satanism Today & Lewis 2001, p. 330.
26. ^ Who's? Right: Mankind, Religions & The End Times
& Warman-Stallings 2012, p. 35.
27. ^ Petersen 2005, p. 431.
28. ^ Satanism Today & James R. Lewis 2016,
p. 145.
29. ^ Satanism Today & James R. Lewis 2016,
p. 146.
30. ^ Jump up to:a b The Invention of Satanism 2016, p. 52.
31. ^ Satanism Today & James R. Lewis 2001,
p. 146.
32. ^ The Invention of Satanism 2016, p. 54.
33. ^ Lacey, Michael. "Pieces of the Action: What's worse? A venture
capitalist or a guy who smokes cunderage hookers?". SF Weekly
Jun 20 2007.
34. ^ ""Satan's Den
in Great Disrepair" Lattin, Don (January 25, 1999)". San
Francisco Chronicle. January 25, 1999. Archived from the original on September 20, 2011.
35. ^ Boulware, Jack (June 17,
1998). "Has the Church of Satan Gone to Hell?". SF
Weekly. San Francisco. Retrieved March 15, 2015.
36. ^ Contemporary Religious Satanism: A Critical Anthology
& Jesper Aagaard Petersen 2009, p. 48.
37. ^ Handbook of Religion and the Authority of Science &
Lewis, Hammer 2010, p. 78.
38. ^ The Invention of Satanism 2006, p. 52.
39. ^ Baddeley 2010, pp. 66, 71.
40. ^ "The
Satanic Mass/Zeena's Baptism Track A9 go to 3:42".
41. ^ "The Satanic Mass, Track A9 (Zeena's Baptism)".
Murgenstrumm, 1968 Vinly LP.
42. ^ "Satanist Anton LaVey Baptising Daughter".
San Francisco, California: Bettmann/CORBIS. May 23, 1967. Archived from the original on May 25, 2013. LaVey
[...] said the mystic ceremony was the first such baptism in history.
43. ^ "clippings of Zeena's baptism world wide".
44. ^ Baddeley 2010, p. 72.
45. ^ Jump up to:a b Baddeley 2010, p. 74.
47. ^ Jump up to:a b c Lewis 2002, p. 7.
48. ^ "Zeena Schreck Interview in Vice Magazine, Beelzebub's
Daughter, by Annette Lamothe-Ramos". 2012-04-25.
49. ^ . Denver
Colorado https:/ww.youtube.comatch?v=5WcKrdFHTds. Missing or empty |title= (help)
50. ^ "Nick Bougas, a.k.a. A Wyatt Mann".
Archived from the original on 2015-02-19.
51. ^ "Buzzfeed article by Joseph Bernstein "History
Of The Internet's Favorite Anti-Semitic Image"".
52. ^ Jump up to:a b Lewis 2001b, p. 51.
53. ^ 'Black Pope' of Satanic Church dies aged 67. San
Francisco: Reuters. November 7, 1997, by Andrew Quinn
54. ^ Jump up to:a b Petersen 2013, p. 140.
55. ^ Jump up to:a b Petersen 2013, p. 139.
56. ^ "UK
| Navy approves first ever Satanist". BBC News. 2004-10-24.
Retrieved 2009-06-07.
57. ^ Petersen 2012, pp. 115–116.
58. ^ Jump up to:a b "Los Angeles CityBeat – The Devil's Advocates".
Lacitybeat.com. Archived from the original on November 18, 2007.
Retrieved 2009-06-07.
59. ^ "Teen Held After E-Mailing Satanic Group Threat to
Kill Grandparents". FoxNews.com. 2007-12-15.
Retrieved 2009-06-07.
60. ^ Petersen 2005, p. 430.
61. ^ Jump up to:a b Gardell 2003, p. 287.
62. ^ https:/ww.churchofsatan.com/registered-membership/
63. ^ Jump up to:a b c Controversial New Religions & Lewis 2014,
p. 407.
64. ^ Cecil D Lewis
(1973). The Church Of Satan.
65. ^ "US Military – Religious
Requirements and Practices of Certain Selected Groups". A Handbook for Chaplains. US Army.
66. ^ "The Church Of Satan FAQ".
67. ^ Jump up to:a b Maxwell
Davies (2009). "Self-Conscious Routinization and the Post-Charismatic Fate
of the Church Satan from 1997 to the Present". Contemporary Religious
Satanism: A Critical Anthology. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0754652861.
68. ^ Massimo
Introvigne (2016). Satanism: A Social History. Brill. p. 320. ISBN 978-9004244962. Probably
the members of the Church of Satan, even in the period of its greatest
expansion, never exceeded one or two thousand.
69. ^ "Geraldo
special. Devil Worship: Exposing Satan's Underground, 1988".
70. ^ J. Gordon Melton
(22 May 2014). Encyclopedic Handbook of Cults in America.
Routledge. p. 113. ISBN 978-1135539986.
71. ^ "Active Membership".
72. ^ "The Church Of Satan – Interview". Worm
Gear. 2009-01-05.
73. ^ "The
Church Of Satan on Twitter".
74. ^ "The
Church Of Satan on Facebook".
75. ^ "The
Church Of Satan on Tumblr".
76. ^ Drury 2003, p. 197.
77. ^ The
Church of Satan Website Archived 2012-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, under Affiliation: The Grotto
System Retrieved December 3, 2010
78. ^ Religious Requirements and Practices: A Handbook for
Chaplains & U. S. Department of the Army 1978.
79. ^ World Religions & Warren Matthews 2007,
p. 380.
80. ^ Lewis 2002, p. 7; Lap 2013, p. 84.
81. ^ Walter Martin, Jill Martin Rische, Van Gorden Kurt &
The Kingdom of the Occult; 2013.
82. ^ High Priest; Magus Peter H.
Gilmore. "The Grotto System". churchofsatan.com.
83. ^ "The
Nick of time". BBC News. 2006-06-06.
84. ^ "Church Of Satan High Priest: 6/6/06 Is 'Just A Day,
Like Any Other'". Blabbermouth.net.
2006-04-24.
85. ^ "Albums".
Lustmord. Retrieved 2015-11-19.
86. ^ Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2010, p. 116.
Further reading[]
·
Barton, Blanche (1990). The Church of Satan:
A History of the World's Most Notorious Religion. Hell's Kitchen
Productions. ISBN 978-0962328626.
·
Baddeley, Gavin; Woods, Paul (2000). Lucifer Rising: A Book of Sin, Devil Worship and Rock 'n'
Roll. UK: Plexus Publishing. ISBN 978-0859652803.
·
Aquino, Michael A. (2002). The Church of Satan (PDF) (5th ed.). Archived
from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-12.: A documentary history
of the 1966–75 Church of Satan
·
Mathews, Chris (2009). Modern
Satanism: Anatomy of a Radical Subculture. Praeger Publishers. ISBN 978-0313366390.
Books
by Anton LaVey[]
·
Wolfe, Burton H.; LaVey, Anton Szandor
(1969). The Satanic Bible.
New York: Avon. ISBN 978-0380015399.
·
Peggy Nadramia; LaVey, Anton Szandor
(1971). The Satanic Witch.
Venice, Calif: Feral House. ISBN 978-0922915842.
·
Anton Szandor La Vey (1972). The Satanic Rituals. New York: Avon. ISBN 978-0380013920.
·
LaVey, Anton Szandor; Anton Szandor LA Vey
(1992). The Devil's Notebook.
Venice, Calif: Feral House. ISBN 978-0922915118.
·
Anton Szandor La Vey; LaVey, Anton Szandor
(1997). Satan Speaks!. Venice, Calif: Feral
House. ISBN 978-0922915668.
Books
by Peter H. Gilmore[]
·
Butler, Timothy; Peter H. Gilmore; Barton, Blanche; Peggy Nadramia
(2007). The Satanic
Scriptures. Scapegoat Publishing. ISBN 978-0976403593.
External links[]
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