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January 3 (21:52 UTC): Venusoccults Jupiter. 1818 (MDCCCXVIII) was
a common year starting
on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar and
a common
year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1818th year of
the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the
818th year of the 2nd millennium,
the 18th year of the 19th century,
and the 9th year of the 1810s decade. As of
the start of 1818, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian
calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. Contents · 1Events · 2Births · 3Deaths Events[edit] January–March[edit] ·
Battle of Koregaon: Troops of the British East
India Company score a decisive victory over the Maratha Empire. ·
Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is published
anonymously in London. ·
January 2 - The British Institution
of Civil Engineers is founded. ·
January 3 (21:52 UTC) – Venus occults Jupiter. It is the last occultation of one
planet by another before November 22, 2065. ·
January 6 – The Treaty of Mandeswar brings an end to the Third
Anglo-Maratha War, ending the dominance of Marathas, and enhancing the power of
the British East
India Company, which controls territory occupied by 180
million Indians. ·
January 11 – Percy Bysshe Shelley's Ozymandias is published
pseudonymously in London. ·
February 3 – Jeremiah Chubb was granted
a patent for his Detector Lock. <http://www.chubbarchive.co.uk/page5.html> ·
February 5 – Upon his death, King Charles XIII of
Sweden (Charles II of Norway) is succeeded on both thrones by
his adoptive son Charles
XIV/III John, starting the Royal House of Bernadotte. ·
February 12 – Chile proclaims
its independence from Spain. ·
March 15 – First Seminole War:
General Andrew Jackson and
his American army invade Florida. ·
March 22 – Easter Sunday in Western Christianity falls
on its earliest possible date. In Western Christianity, it will not occur on
this date again until 2285. April–June[edit]
·
April 1 – First Seminole War –
Battle of Miccosukee, Florida:
General Andrew Jackson defeats
chief Kinhagee. ·
April 4 – The United States
Congress adopts the flag of the
United States as having thirteen red and white stripes, and
one star for each state (twenty), with additional stars to be added whenever
a new state is added to the Union. ·
April 5 – Chilean War
of Independence – Battle of Maipú: Patriot rebels, led by José de San Martín,
decisively defeat the Spanish Royalists. ·
April 7 – Brooks Brothers, the oldest men's
clothier in the United States, opens its first store on the northeast corner
of Catherine and Cherry Streets in New York City, where the later South Street Seaport stands. ·
April 14–August 9 – The United States Survey of
the Coast operations is suspended. ·
April 18 – John Ross sets
sail on his ship, the Isabella, in search of the Northwest Passage. [1] ·
May 11 ·
Charles XIV of Sweden–Norway is
crowned king of Sweden. ·
The Old Vic Theatre is founded (as the Royal
Coburg Hall) in London. ·
The Westmorland
Gazette is first
published at Kendal in the Lake District of England; in
July, Thomas De Quinceywill begin a
16-month term as editor. ·
June 10 – The British Parliament is
dissolved by Prime Minister Jenkinson, and new elections
are scheduled for August 4 for the House of Commons.[2] ·
June 11 – Prince
William, Duke of Clarence
and St Andrews, third oldest son of King George III and the future
King William IV of the United Kingdom, marries Adelaide of
Saxe-Meiningen.[3] ·
June 18 – At least 34 people are killed
in Switzerland, when
the melting of a glacier releases the natural dam of Lac de Mauvoisin,
sending the waters of the lake and the Dranse River into the valley of Bagnes. [4] July–September[edit] ·
July 1 – After a war that began
on November 5, 1817,
the forces of the East India Company defeat Baji Rao II in battle and acquire
control over the Maratha Empire.[5] ·
July 3 – Lord Byron begins work on his epic
poem, Don Juan.
He dies in 1824 before he can finish the poem,
after finishing 16 cantos and working on
the 17th.[6] ·
July 11 – The Bank of
the United States reverses its policy of expanding credit,
and sends notices to its borrowers nationwide demanding immediate repayment
of balances due; the defaults during the next six months will trigger
the Panic of 1819.[7] ·
July 15 – U.S. President James Monroe convenes a cabinet
meeting, to discuss whether General Andrew Jackson's unauthorized invasion and
conquest of Spanish Florida should
be disavowed by the White House. Secretary of State John Quincy Adams persuades
the President that the action is justifiable, in stopping terror caused by
the Seminole tribes.[8] ·
July 29 – French physicist Augustin-Jean
Fresnel submits his prizewinning "Memoir on the Diffraction of Light" to the French Academy
of Sciences, precisely accounting for the limited extent to which
light spreads into shadows, and thereby demolishing the oldest objection to
the wave theory of light. ·
July 31 – The first newspaper in Cleveland, Ohio is
issued by publisher Andrew Logan.[9] Using the original name of the small settlement
(population 172), Logan names the weekly paper The Cleaveland Gazette & Commercial Register.[10] ·
August 1 – A separate Topographical Bureau of
the United
States Department of War established. ·
August 4 – United
Kingdom general election, 1818 for the House of Commons. The
Tory Party, led by Prime Minister Robert Jenkinson, retains its control of the
government but loses some seats.[2] ·
September – Sir Stamford Raffles sets out to
visit Lord Hastings, Governor-General
of India, to gain his approval to establish a trading station at
the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula (modern-day Singapore). ·
September 7 – Carl III of Sweden–Norway is
crowned king of Norway, in Trondheim. ·
September 23 – Border markers are
formally installed for the European territory of Moresnet. October–December[edit] ·
October 5 – Claudine Thévenet (known as Mary of St.
Ignatius) founds the Roman Catholic order Religieuses
de Jésus-Marie ("Religious of Jesus
And Mary") in Lyon, France. ·
October 20 – A treaty between the U.S. and the United
Kingdom establishes the boundary between the U.S. and British North
America as the 49th parallel,
from the Lake of the Woods to
the Rocky Mountains,
also creating the Northwest Angle. ·
November 11 – Anglo-Chinese College is founded
by Robert
Morrison in Malacca (later renamed Ying Wa College). ·
November 16 – The Saint Louis Academy,
which later becomes Saint Louis
University, is founded by Reverend Louis
William Valentine Dubourg. ·
December 3 – Illinois is admitted as the 21st U.S. state. ·
December 13 – Cyril VI of
Constantinople quits his place as an Ecumenical
Patriarch. ·
December 24 – The Christmas carol "Silent Night" (Stille
Nacht), with words by the priest Josef Mohr, set to music by organist Franz Xaver Gruber, is first performed at St.
Nikolaus Parish Church, in Oberndorf bei Salzburg,
Austria. Date unknown[edit] ·
Battle of Kafir Qala: The Afghans defeat a Persian invasion. ·
The
first edition of the Farmers' Almanac is
published in the United States. ·
The
first Serbian dictionary is published by Vuk Karadžić. ·
Besses o' th' Barn Brass Band is formed in Whitefield,
near Manchester, by this
date. ·
The Dandy horse was invented by Karl Drais in Mannheim. Births[edit] January–June[edit]
·
January 30 – Artúr Görgey, Hungarian military general,
politician (d. 1916) ·
February 4 – Emperor Norton, San Francisco eccentric and
visionary (d. 1880) ·
February 13 – Angelica
Singleton Van Buren, Acting First
Lady of the United States (d. 1877) ·
February 14 – Frederick Douglass (his
day of birth was never established; he adopted this date), American
abolitionist author, statesman (d. 1895) ·
February 18 – Pedro Figueredo, Cuban poet, musician, and
freedom writer (d. 1870) ·
March 11 – Henri
Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville, French chemist (d. 1881) ·
March 15 – Mariano Álvarez,
Filipino general (d. 1924) ·
March 22 – John Ainsworth Horrocks, English-born explorer of South Australia (d. 1846) ·
March 24 – William E. Le Roy,
American admiral (d. 1888) ·
March 28 – Wade Hampton III, Confederate soldier and
South Carolinian politician (d. 1902) ·
April 4 – Thomas Mayne Reid,
Irish-American novelist (d. 1883) ·
April 6 – Aasmund Olavsson Vinje,
Norwegian journalist and poet (d. 1870) ·
April 8 – ·
King Christian IX of
Denmark (d. 1906) ·
August Wilhelm
von Hofmann, German chemist (d. 1892) ·
April 17 – Emperor Alexander II of
Russia (d. 1881) ·
April 19 – Sir Arthur
Elton, 7th Baronet, English writer, Liberal Party politician
(d. 1883) ·
May 5 – Karl Marx, German political philosopher
(d. 1883) ·
May 27 – Amelia Bloomer, American dress reformer,
women's rights activist (d. 1894) ·
June 17 ·
Sophie of
Württemberg, Dutch queen (d. 1877) ·
Charles Gounod, French composer (d. 1893) ·
June 18 – Angelo Secchi, Italian astronomer (d. 1878) July–December[edit]
·
July 1 – Ignaz Semmelweis, Hungarian physician,
obstetrician (d. 1865) ·
July 18 ·
Celadon Leeds Daboll, American merchant, inventor (d. 1866) ·
Louis Gerhard De
Geer, 1st Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1896) ·
July 22 – J. Gregory Smith, Vermont governor (d. 1891) ·
July 27 – Agostino Roscelli, Italian priest, founder of the
Institute of Sisters of the Immaculata (d. 1902) ·
July 30 ·
Emily Brontë, British novelist (d. 1848) ·
Jan Heemskerk, 2-time Prime Minister of the
Netherlands (d. 1897) ·
August 11 – Méry von Bruiningk, Estonian democrat
(d. 1853) ·
September 1 – José María
Castro Madriz, first President of
Costa Rica, founder of the republic (d. 1892) ·
September 12 – Richard Jordan
Gatling, American inventor, gunsmith (d. 1903) ·
September 27 – Adolph
Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe, German chemist (d. 1884) ·
October 8 – John Henninger
Reagan, American Confederate politician (d. 1905) ·
October 15 – Irvin McDowell, American general (d. 1885) ·
October 18 – Edward Ord, U.S. Army officer (d. 1883) ·
November 5 – Benjamin
Franklin Butler, American lawyer, politician, and general
(d. 1893) ·
November 9 (October 28 (O.S.)) – Ivan Turgenev, Russian writer (d. 1883) ·
November 23 – József Szlávy, 6th Prime Minister of
Hungary (d. 1900) ·
November 29 – George
Brown, Canadian politician (d. 1880) ·
December 13 – Mary Todd Lincoln, First
Lady of the United States (d. 1882) ·
December 18 – Max Joseph von
Pettenkofer, German chemist and
hygienist (d. 1901) ·
December 24 – James Prescott Joule,
English physicist (d. 1889) ·
December 27 – J. Lawrence Smith,
American chemist (d. 1883) Date Unknown[edit] ·
Dimitrie Brătianu,
15th Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1892) ·
Francis Dutton, Germany-born Premier of
South Australia (d. 1877) Deaths[edit] January–June[edit]
·
January 2 – Martha Christina
Tiahahu, Moluccan freedom fighter, national
heroine of Indonesia (b. 1800) ·
January 11 – Johann David Wyss,
Swiss author (b. 1743) ·
February 5 – Charles
XIII/Charles II, King of Sweden and Norway (b. 1748) ·
February 13 – George Rogers Clark,
American Revolutionary leader (b. 1752) ·
February 15 – Friedrich Ludwig, Fürst zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen,
Prussian general (b. 1746) ·
May 2 – Herman Willem Daendels, Governor-General
of the Dutch East Indies (b. 1762) ·
May 10 – Paul Revere, American patriot, silversmith
(b. 1735) ·
May 26 – Michael
Andreas Barclay de Tolly, Russian
military commander (b. 1761) ·
June 12 – Egwale Seyon,
Emperor of Ethiopia July–December[edit]
Charlotte
of Mecklenburg-Strelitz ·
August 12 – Nikolay Novikov, Russian writer (b. 1744) ·
August 22 – Warren Hastings, English Governor-General
of India (b. 1732) ·
August 24 – James
Carr (Massachusetts politician), U.S.
Congressman (b. 1777) ·
August 31 – Arthur St. Clair, American soldier,
politician (b. 1737) ·
September 1 – Robert Calder, British naval officer
(b. 1745) ·
September 9 – Seymour Fleming, British noblewoman
(b. 1758) ·
October 5 – Nancy Hanks, mother of Abraham Lincoln (b. 1784) ·
October 28 – Abigail Adams, First
Lady of the United States (b. 1744) ·
October 28 – Henri
Jacques Guillaume Clarke, duc de Feltre,
French marshal, politician (b. 1765) ·
November 17 – Charlotte
of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, queen of George
III of the United Kingdom (b. 1744) ·
December 25 – Catherine-Dominique
de Pérignon, Marshal of France (b. 1754) ·
Date
unknown – Ghaliyya al-Wahhabiyya, Saudi Arabian war
heroine References[edit] 1.
^ Robert Huish, The Last Voyage of Capt. Sir John
Ross, R.N. to the Arctic Regions (J. Saunders, 1835) p77 2.
^ Jump up to:a b John
Styles, Memoirs of the Life of the Right Hon. George Canning,
Volume 2 (Thomas Tegg, 1828) pp270-273 3.
^ John Burke, A General and Heraldic Dictionary of
the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire (Henry Colburn Co.,
1833) p xxxiii 4.
^ Jean Frédéric Ostervald, et
al., Picturesque Tour from Geneva to Milan, by Way of the Simplon (R.
Ackermann, 1820) pp43-44 5.
^ The Oriental Herald and Journal of General Literature April
1826. p. 150. 6.
^ Jump, John D. (2016). Byron. London: Routledge.
p. 103. 7.
^ "Congressional Register", Niles Weekly
Register July 3, 1824. p. 251. 8.
^ Pyle, Christopher H.; Pious, Richard M.
(1984). The President, Congress, and the Constitution: Power and
Legitimacy in American Politics. Simon and Schuster. p. 294. 9.
^ Robison, W. Scott (1887). History of the City of
Cleveland: Its Settlement, Rise and Progress. Robison & Cockett. p. 28. 10.
^ Rich, Bob (2013). A Touch of Cleveland History:
Stories from the First 200 Years. Gray & Company. p. 43. |
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