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1843 (MDCCCXLIII) was a common year starting
on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and
a common
year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1843rd year of
the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the
843rd year of the 2nd millennium,
the 43rd year of the 19th century,
and the 4th year of the 1840s decade. As of
the start of 1843, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian
calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. Contents ·
1Events ·
2Births ·
3Deaths Events[edit] By place[edit] Asia[edit] ·
The House of
Jamalullail is established at Perlis Darul Sunnah (now known
as Perlis Darul Sunnah, Malaysia). January–March[edit] ·
January ·
Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel Martin Chuzzlewit begins
in London; in the July chapters, he lands his
hero in the United States. ·
Edgar Allan Poe's Gothic short story The Tell-Tale Heart is
published in a Philadelphia magazine. ·
The Quaker magazine The Friend is
first published in London. ·
February ·
Shaikh Ali bin Khalifa Al-Khalifa
captures the fort and town of Riffa after the rival branch of the
family fails to gain control of the Riffa Fort and flees to Manama. Shaikh
Mohamed bin Ahmed is killed at the battle, called the Battle of Hunayniya. ·
January 3 – The Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms (海國圖志, Hǎiguó
Túzhě) compiled by Wei Yuan and
others, the first significant Chinese work on the West, is published in
China.[1][2] ·
January 6 – Antarctic explorer James Clark Ross discovers Snow Hill Island. ·
January 20 – Honório Hermeto Carneiro Leăo, Marquis of Paraná,
becomes de facto first prime minister of
the Empire of Brazil. ·
February 3 – Uruguayan Civil War: Argentina supports Oribe of Uruguay, and begins a siege of
Montevideo. ·
February 6 – The Virginia Minstrels perform
the first minstrel show,
at the Bowery Amphitheatre in
New York City. ·
February 8 – An earthquake hits
the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe, killing 1,500-5000 people.[3] ·
February 11 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera I Lombardi
alla prima crociata premieres at La Scala in Milan. ·
February 14 – The event that inspired
the Beatles song Being
for the Benefit of Mr. Kite! is held in England. ·
February 25 – Paulet Affair: Lord George Paulet occupies
the Kingdom of Hawaii,
in the name of Great Britain. ·
March 8 – The Danish government
re-establishes the Althing in Iceland as an advisory body, by royal
decree. ·
March 11–14 – Eta Carinae flares, to become
the second-brightest
star. ·
March 13 – Catawba
County, North Carolina is created, and its first court is
held in Mathias Barringer Jr.'s house. ·
March 15 – Victoria,
British Columbia, is founded by the Hudson's Bay Company as a
trading post and fort. ·
March 16 – The city of Petrópolis is founded by the government
of Brazil.[4] ·
March 21 – The world does not end,
contrary to the first prediction by American preacher William Miller. ·
March 24 – Battle of Hyderabad:
The Bombay Army, led
by Major General Sir
Charles Napier, defeats the TalpurEmirs,
securing Sindh as a province
of British India. ·
March 25 – Marc Isambard Brunel's Thames Tunnel, the first tunnel under
the River Thames and
the world's first bored underwater tunnel, is opened in London.[5] April–June[edit] ·
April – Eta Carinae is temporarily the
second-brightest star in the night sky. ·
April 7 – The Indian Slavery
Act, 1843 removes legal support for slavery within the territories
of the East India Company ·
May 4 – Natal is proclaimed a British colony. ·
May 18 – In Edinburgh, the Free
Church of Scotland is disrupted from
the Church of Scotland. ·
May 22 – The first major wagon train headed for the American
Northwest sets out with 1,000 pioneers from Elm Grove, Missouri,
on the Oregon Trail. ·
May 23 – Chile takes possession of the Strait of Magellan. ·
June 6 – In Barbados, Samuel Jackman
Prescod is the first non-white person elected to the House of
Assembly. ·
June 17 – In New Zealand, a posse of British settlers
sent to arrest Māori chief Te Rauparaha clash with members of
his Ngāti Toa tribe,
resulting in 26 deaths. ·
June 21 – Edgar Allan Poe's short story The Gold-Bug begins serialization
in American newspapers. July–September[edit]
July 19: SS Great Britain launch ·
July 1 – Ulysses S. Grant (21st) and John J. Peck (8th) graduate from a
class of 39 at the United
States Military Academy, West Point. ·
July 12 – Origin
of Latter Day Saint polygamy: Joseph Smith, founder of the Latter Day
Saint movement in the United States, receives a revelation
recommending polygamy. ·
July 19 – Isambard Kingdom
Brunel's SS Great Britain is
launched from Bristol; it will be the
first iron-hulled, propeller-driven ship to cross the Atlantic Ocean.[6] ·
July 25 – Pčre Antoine Désiré Mégret, a
Capuchin missionary, purchases for $900 the land that will become Abbeville, Louisiana,
a town founded by descendants of Acadians from Nova Scotia. ·
August 1 – Brazil becomes
the second country, after Great Britain, to issue nationally valid postage stamps, with the release of
its Bull's Eye series. ·
August 15 – Tivoli Gardens, one of the oldest still
intact amusement parks in
the world, opens in Copenhagen, Denmark.
·
September – Ada Lovelace translates and
expands Menabrea's
notes on Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine,
including an algorithm for
calculating a sequence of Bernoulli numbers,
regarded as the world's first computer program.[7][8][9] ·
September 2 – The Economist newspaper is first
published in London (preliminary issue dated August). ·
September 4 – Emperor Dom Pedro II of Brazil marries
Dona Teresa
Cristina of the Two Sicilies, in a state ceremony in Rio de Janeiro
Cathedral. ·
September 15 (Sept. 3, O.S.) – A Popular
uprising in Athens, Greece, including citizens and
military captains, demands from King Otto a liberal Constitution from the state, which has
been governed since independence (1830) by various domestic
and foreign business interests. October–December[edit] ·
Sřren Kierkegaard's
philosophical book Fear and Trembling is
first published. ·
William Rowan
Hamilton discovers the calculus of quaternions and deduces that they are
non-commutative.[10] ·
November 17 – The city of Shanghai opens for trade with
foreigners for the first time, welcoming a party of traders from the United
Kingdom.[11][12] ·
November 25 – Mount Etna erupts in Italy, and kills 69 people in the village
of Bronte.[13][14] ·
December 9 – Bishop's University is
founded as Bishop's College by Bishop George
Jehoshaphat Mountain in Lennoxville, Quebec,
for the education of members of the Church of England. ·
December 13 – Basutoland becomes a British
protectorate.[15] ·
December 17 – Charles Dickens's novella A Christmas Carol is
first published in London, England. Released on December 19, it sells out by Christmas Eve.[16] ·
December 21 – The first total solar
eclipse of Saros 139 occurs
over southern Asia. ·
December – The world's first Christmas cards, commissioned by Sir Henry Cole in London from the
artist John Callcott
Horsley, are sent.[17] Date unknown[edit] ·
James Joule experimentally finds
the mechanical
equivalent of heat.[18] ·
The steam powered rotary printing
press is invented, by Richard March Hoe in
the United States.[19] ·
Saint
Louis University School of Law becomes the first law school
west of the Mississippi River. ·
Germans from the Black Forest region of Southern Baden migrate to Venezuela. Births[edit] January–June[edit]
·
Frederick Abberline, Chief Inspector of the London Metropolitan Police,
investigator in the Jack the Ripper murders (d. 1929) ·
John H. Moffitt, American politician
(d. 1926) ·
January 10 – Frank James, American outlaw (d. 1915) ·
January 25 – Hermann Schwarz, German mathematician
(d. 1921) ·
January 29 – William McKinley, 25th President of the
United States (d. 1901) ·
February 6 – Frederic W. H. Myers,
British poet (d. 1901) ·
February 19 – Adelina Patti, Spanish opera singer
(d. 1919) ·
February 22 – Rudolf Montecuccoli,
Austro-Hungarian admiral (d. 1922) ·
March 7 – Tsuboi Kōzō, Japanese admiral
(d. 1898) ·
March 15 – Arichi
Shinanojō, Japanese admiral (d. 1919) ·
March 17 – Henry Ware Lawton,
American general (d. 1899) ·
April 4 – William Henry
Jackson, American explorer and photographer (d. 1942) ·
April 15 – Henry James, American novelist (d. 1916) ·
April 25 – Princess
Alice of the United Kingdom, third child of Queen Victoria (d. 1878) ·
May 20 – Itō Sukeyuki, Japanese admiral
(d. 1914) ·
May 21 ·
Charles Albert Gobat,
Swiss politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1914) ·
Louis Renault,
French jurist, educator, and Nobel Prize laureate
(d. 1918) ·
June 1 ·
Henry Faulds, Scottish physician, missionary
and fingerprinting pioneer (d. 1930) ·
Saigō
Jūdō, Japanese general, admiral, and politician
(d. 1902) ·
June 3 – King Frederick VIII
of Denmark (d. 1912) ·
June 8 – Kálmán Széll,
13th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1915) ·
June 9 – Bertha von Suttner,
Austrian writer and pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1914) ·
June 15 – Edvard Grieg, Norwegian composer (d. 1907) ·
June 30 – Sir Ernest Satow, British diplomat, scholar
(d. 1928) July–December[edit]
·
July 7 – Camillo Golgi, Italian physician, recipient
of the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1926) ·
July 17 – Penn Symons, British general (d. 1899) ·
July 19 – Francis J. Higginson,
United States Navy admiral (d. 1931) ·
July 29 – Johannes
Schmidt, German linguist (d. 1901) ·
August 1 – Robert Todd Lincoln,
American politician, businessman, first son of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln (d. 1926) ·
August 10 – Joseph McKenna, American politician, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United
States (d. 1926) ·
August 20 – Christina Nilsson,
Swedish operatic soprano (d. 1921) ·
August 31 – Georg von Hertling, Chancellor
of Germany (d. 1919) ·
September 4 – Ján Levoslav Bella,
Slovak composer (d. 1936) ·
September 23 – Melville Reuben
Bissell, American entrepreneur, inventor of the Carpet sweeper (d. 1889) ·
September 29 – Mikhail Skobelev, Russian general (d. 1882) ·
October 4 – Marie-Alphonsine
Danil Ghattas, Palestinian Catholic nun, canonized (d. 1927) ·
October 24 – Caroline Brown Buell,
American activist (d. 1927) ·
October 25 – Pierre Lallement, French inventor of
the bicycle (d. 1891) ·
Dezső Bánffy,
12th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1911) ·
Herman Bendell, Physician and last
Superintendent of Indian Affairs for the Arizona Territory (d. 1932) ·
November 19 – C. X. Larrabee, American businessman
(d. 1914) ·
November 25 – Henry Ware Eliot, American industrialist,
philanthropist and father of T. S. Eliot (d. 1919) ·
November 27 – Cornelius
Vanderbilt II, American railway magnate (d. 1899) ·
November 29 – Gertrude Jekyll, English garden designer,
writer and artist (d. 1932) ·
November 30 – Martha Ripley, American physician (d. 1912) ·
December 3 – William Forbes
Gatacre, British general (d. 1906) ·
December 11 – Robert Koch, German physician, recipient of
the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1910) ·
December 28 – Colonel Prentiss Ingraham,
American author of dime fiction (d. 1904) Date unknown[edit] ·
Joseph James
Cheeseman, Liberian politician, 12th President of Liberia (d. 1896) ·
Annetta Seabury
Dresser, American writer (d. 1935) ·
Edmund William
Berridge, British medical doctor (d. 1923) ·
Jang Seung-eop, Korean painter (d. 1897) ·
Sophia Tavoularis,
Greek actor (d. 1916) ·
Adelaida Lukanina,
Russian chemist (d. 1908) ·
Eliza Moore, Last American slave (d. 1948) Deaths[edit] January–June[edit] ·
Antoine Bournonville,
French ballet dancer, choreographer (b. 1760) ·
Francis Scott Key,
American songwriter of The
Star-Spangled Banner (b. 1779) ·
February 26 – Sir John Thomas Jones,
British army general (b. 1783) ·
March 3 – David Porter,
American naval officer (b. 1780) ·
March 21 ·
Guadalupe Victoria,
1st President of Mexico (b. 1786) ·
Robert Southey, English poet (b. 1774) ·
March 25 – Robert Murray
M'Cheyne, Scottish clergyman (b. 1813) ·
March 27 – Karl
Salomo Zachariae von Lingenthal, German jurist (b. 1769) ·
April 17 – Samuel Morey, American inventor (b. 1762) ·
May 23 – Pierre Lorillard II,
American businessman (b. 1764) ·
May 28 – Noah Webster, American lexicographer
(b. 1758) ·
June 1 – William Abbot, English actor (b. 1798) ·
June 7 – Friedrich Hölderlin,
German writer (b. 1770) July–December[edit]
·
July 2 – Samuel Hahnemann, German physician (b. 1755) ·
July 7 – John Holmes,
American politician (b. 1773) ·
July 14 – Miguel de Álava,
Spanish soldier, statesman (b. 1770) ·
August – Sequoyah, Native American silversmith,
creator of the Cherokee syllabary (b. c. 1767) ·
July 22 – Marie-Madeleine
Lachenais, Haitian de facto politician (b. 1778) ·
Howqua, Chinese merchant, "richest man
in the world" (b. 1769) ·
Léopoldine Hugo,
daughter of French novelist Victor Hugo (b. 1824) ·
September 11 – Joseph Nicollet, French geographer (b. 1786) ·
September 16 – Ezekiel Hart, Canadian entrepreneur,
politician (b. 1767 or 1770) ·
October 6 – Sir
Archibald Campbell, 1st Baronet, British army general (b. 1769) ·
November – Esther Leach, English-Indian actress and
director (b. 1809) ·
November 10 – John Trumbull, American painter (b. 1756) ·
November 28 – József Ficzkó,
Burgenland Croatian writer (b. 1772) ·
December 12 – King William I of
the Netherlands (b. 1772) ·
December 18 – Thomas
Graham, 1st Baron Lynedoch, British Governor-General of India
(b. 1748) Date unknown[edit] ·
Emma Jane Greenland,
English painter (b. 1760) References[edit] 1. ^ Hao, Yen-p'ing; Wang, Erh-min
(1980). Fairbank, John King;
Twitchett, Denis Crispin, eds. The Cambridge History of China: Late Ch'ing 1800-1911.
Cambridge History of China. 11. Cambridge University Press.
p. 148. ISBN 978-0521-2202-93. 2. ^ Leonard, Jane Kate (1984). Wei Yuan and China's Rediscovery of the Maritime World.
Harvard East Asian Monographs. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Council on East
Asian Studies, Harvard University. ISBN 978-0674-9485-56. 3. ^ The Illustrated History of Natural Disasters.
Springer, Dordrecht. April 3, 2018. pp. 163–163. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-3325-3_38. Retrieved April 3, 2018 –
via link.springer.com. 4. ^ "Emperor
Street". World Digital
Library. 1860–1870. Retrieved 2013-08-24. 5. ^ Penguin Pocket
On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0. 6. ^ "Royal
Visit". The Bristol Mirror. 20 July 1843. pp. 1–2. 7. ^ Fuegi, John; Francis, Jo
(October–December 2003). "Lovelace & Babbage and the creation of the
1843 'notes'". IEEE
Annals of the History of Computing. 25 (4):
16–26. doi:10.1109/MAHC.2003.1253887. 8. ^ "Ada Byron, Lady Lovelace". Archived from the original on July 21,
2010. Retrieved 2010-07-11. 9. ^ Menabrea, L. F. (1843). "Sketch
of the Analytical Engine Invented by Charles Babbage". Scientific Memoirs. 3. Archived from the original on September
13, 2010. Retrieved 2010-10-01. 10. ^ "William
Rowan Hamilton Plaque". Geograph. 2007. Retrieved 2011-03-08. 11. ^ Wen-Hsin Yeh, The Alienated
Academy: Culture and Politics in Republican China, 1919-1937 (Harvard
University Asia Center, 2000) p51 12. ^ Edward Denison and Guang Yu
Ren, Building Shanghai: The Story of China's Gateway (John
Wiley & Sons, 2013) 13. ^ George Dennis, A Handbook
for Travellers in Sicily: Including Palermo, Messina, Catania, Syracuse,
Etna, and the Ruins of the Greek Temples (John Murray Publishers,
1864) p429 14. ^ Jan Kozák and Vladimir
Cermák, The Illustrated History of Natural Disasters(Springer,
2010) p55 15. ^ Palmer, Alan; Veronica
(1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd.
pp. 266–267. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2. 16. ^ Dickens, Charles (2006).
Douglas-Fairhurst, Robert, ed. A Christmas Carol and other Christmas
Books. Oxford world's classics. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-280694-9. 17. ^ Buday, György (1992). "The
history of the Christmas card". Omnigraphics: 8. 18. ^ Joule, J. P. (1843). "On the Mechanical Equivalent of Heat". Abstracts
of the Papers Communicated to the Royal Society of London. 5:
839. doi:10.1098/rspl.1843.0196.
Retrieved 2012-01-27. 19. ^ Meggs, Philip B. (1998). A History
of Graphic Design (3rd ed.). Wiley. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-471-29198-5. It
receives U.S. Patent 5,199 in 1847 and is placed in commercial use
the same year. ·
1843 |
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