|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
1913 (MCMXIII) was
a common year starting
on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and
a common
year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1913th year of
the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the
913th year of the 2nd millennium,
the 13th year of the 20th century,
and the 4th year of the 1910s decade. As of
the start of 1913, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian
calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. Contents · 1Events · 2Births · 3Deaths Events[edit] January[edit] Main article: January 1913 ·
January 1 – The British
Board of Film Censors receives the authority to classify and
censor films. ·
January 5 – First Balkan War – Battle of Lemnos:
Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces
the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which
it will not venture for the rest of the war. ·
January 12 (January 25 Old Style)
– Bolshevik activist Josef Dzhugashvili first publishes an article,[1] under
the pseudonym Stalin, which he adopts
hereafter.[2] At
this time he, Adolf Hitler and Josip Broz Tito are simultaneously
resident in Vienna.[3] ·
January 13 – Edward Carson founds the (first) Ulster Volunteer Force,
by unifying several existing loyalist militias to resist home rule for Ireland.[4] ·
January 23 – Tasmanian
state election, 1913: The Commonwealth Liberal Party candidate,
Albert Solomon, is elected premier. ·
January 23 – 1913 Ottoman
coup d'état: Ismail Enver comes to power. ·
January 30 – The British House of Lords rejects an Irish Home
Rule Bill.
Ismail Enver February[edit] Main article: February 1913 ·
February 1 – New York City's Grand Central
Terminal, having been rebuilt, reopens as the world's
largest railroad station. ·
February 3 – The 16th Amendment to the United States Constitution is
ratified, authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect income taxes on all sources of income,
not just some. ·
February 9 – Mexican Revolution:
"La Decena Trágica",
the rebellion of some military chiefs against the President Francisco I. Madero,
begins. ·
February 13 – Thubten Gyatso, the 13th Dalai Lama, declares the independence
of Tibet from Qing Dynasty China. ·
February 18 – Mexican Revolution:
President Francisco I. Madero and
Vice President José María Pino
Suárez are forced to resign. Pedro Lascuráin serves
as President for less than an hour, before General Victoriano Huerta,
leader of the coup, takes office. ·
February 22 – Mexican Revolution: Francisco I. Madero and José María Pino
Suárez are assassinated. ·
February 23 – Joseph Stalin is arrested by the
Russian secret police, the Okhrana, in Petrograd, and exiled to Siberia.[5]
February 1: New York's Grand Central
Terminal as rebuilt. March[edit] Main article: March 1913 ·
March ·
The House of Romanov celebrates the 300th
anniversary of its succession to the throne, amidst an outpouring of monarchist sentiment in Russia. ·
Following
the assassination of his rival Song Jiaoren, Yuan Shikai uses military force to
dissolve China's
parliament, and rules as a dictator. ·
c. March 1 – British steamship Calvados disappears
in the Sea of Marmara,
with 200 on board.[6][7] ·
March 3 – The Woman
suffrage parade of 1913 takes place in Washington, D.C. led
by Inez Milholland on
horseback. ·
March 4 ·
Woodrow Wilson is sworn
in, as the 28th President of the United States. ·
The U.S.
Department of Commerce and U.S. Department
of Labor are established, by splitting the duties of the
10-year-old Department
of Commerce and Labor. The Census Bureau, U.S. Bureau of
Fisheries and U.S. Coast
and Geodetic Survey form part of the Department of Commerce.
March 4: Wilsonsworn
in as the 28th president of the United States. ·
March 4–6 – First Balkan War – Battle of Bizani: Forces of the Kingdom of
Greece capture the forts of Bizani (covering the approaches
to Ioannina) from the Ottoman Empire. ·
March 7 – British freighter Alum
Chine, carrying 343 tons of dynamite, explodes in Baltimore harbour.[8] ·
March 12 – Australia begins building
the new federal capital of Canberra. ·
March 13 – Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa returns to Mexico, from
his self-imposed exile in the United States. ·
March 17 – The Military Aviation
Academy (Escuela de Aviación Militar) is founded in Uruguay, to become the
Military Air Force (Fuerza Aérea Militar) on 4 December 1952 (the Uruguayan Air Force (FAU)
will grow from this foundation). ·
March 18 – George I of Greece is
assassinated after 50 years on the throne; he is succeeded by his son Constantine. ·
March 20 – Sung Chiao-jen, a founder of the Chinese
nationalist party (Kuomintang), is
wounded in an assassination attempt, and dies two days later. ·
March 23 – Supporters of Phan Xích Long begin
a revolt against colonial rule in French Indochina. ·
March 25 – The Great Dayton Flood,
after four days of rain in the Miami Valley, kills over 360 and destroys
20,000 homes (chiefly in Dayton, Ohio). ·
March 26 ·
Mexican Revolution: Venustiano Carranza announces
his Plan of Guadalupe,
and begins his rebellion against Victoriano Huerta's
government, as head of the Constitutionals. ·
Balkan Wars: The Siege of
Adrianople ends, when Bulgarian forces
take Adrianople from
the Ottomans.
March 12: Australia begins building the new
capital of Canberra. April[edit] Main article: April 1913 ·
Bernhard Kellermann's
novel Der Tunnel is
published. ·
April 5 – The United
States Soccer Federation is formed. ·
April 8 – The Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is
passed, dictating the direct election of senators. ·
April 21 – Cunard ocean liner RMS Aquitania, built by John Brown &
Company, is launched on the River Clyde. ·
April 24 – The Woolworth Building opens
in New York City. Designed by Cass Gilbert, it is the tallest
building in the world on this date, and for more than a
decade after.[9] May[edit] Main article: May 1913 ·
May 3 – Raja Harishchandra,
the first full-length Indian feature film, is released, marking the
beginning of the Indian film industry. ·
May 9–July 11 – A major industrial strike
occurs in the Black Country of
England, involving 25,000 workers, and threatening preparations for World War
I in naval and steel industries. The workers demand 23 shillings minimum
wage. ·
May 14 – New York Governor William Sulzer approves the charter for
the Rockefeller Foundation,
which begins operations with a $100,000,000 donation from John D. Rockefeller. ·
May 24 – Princess
Victoria Louise of Prussia marries Prince
Ernest Augustus of Hanover in Berlin, ending the decades-long
rift between the Houses of
Hohenzollern and Hanover and marking the last great
gathering of European sovereigns. ·
May 26 (May 13 O.S.)
– Igor Sikorsky becomes
the first person to pilot a 4-engine fixed-wing aircraft. ·
May 29 – The ballet The Rite of Spring (music
by Igor Stravinsky,
conducted by Pierre Monteux,
choreography by Vaslav Nijinsky and
design by Nicholas Roerich)
is premiered by Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes, at the Théâtre des
Champs-Élysées in Paris; its modernismprovokes one of the most
famous classical music
riots in history.[10] The audience includes Gabriele D'Annunzio, Coco Chanel, Marcel Duchamp, Harry Graf Kessler and Maurice Ravel.[11] ·
May 30 – First Balkan War: The Treaty of London is
signed, ending the war. Greece is granted those parts of southern Epirus which it does not already
control, and the independence of Albania is recognised. ·
South
Africa's first flying school opens in Kimberley to
train pilots for the South African Aviation Corps, to become the South African Air
Force on 1 February 1920.
May 29: The Rite of Spring is
premiered in Paris. June[edit] Main article: June 1913 ·
June 1 – The Greek–Serbian
Treaty of Alliance is signed, paving the way for the Second Balkan War. ·
June 4 – Emily Davison, a British suffragette, runs out in front of the King's
horse, Anmer, at The Derby. She is
trampled and dies four days later in hospital, never having regained
consciousness.[12] ·
June 8 – The Deutsches
Stadion in Berlin is dedicated with the release of 10,000
pigeons, in front of an audience of 60,000 people. It had been constructed in
anticipation of the 1916 Summer Olympics (later
to be cancelled as the result of World War I). ·
June 11 ·
Women's suffrage is
enacted in Norway. ·
Battle of Bud Bagsak:
Armed with guns and heavy artillery, U.S. and Philippine troops under
General John J. "Black
Jack" Pershingfight a four-day battle against 500 Moro
rebels, who are armed mostly with kampilan swords. The rebels are killed
in a final desperate charge on June 15. ·
June 18 – The Arab Congress of
1913 opens, during which Arab nationalists meet to discuss
desired reforms under the Ottoman Empire. ·
June 19 – The Parliament of
South Africa passes the Natives Land Act, limiting land ownership
for blacks to black territories. ·
June 13 – The predecessor of the Aldi store
chain opens in Essen, Germany. ·
June 24 – Joseph Cook becomes the 6th Prime
Minister of Australia. ·
June 29 – The Second Balkan War begins. July[edit] Main article: July 1913 ·
Iglesia ni Cristo,
an independent Christian sect, is founded in the Philippines. ·
July 10 ·
Romania
declares war on Bulgaria. ·
Death Valley, California hits 134 °F
(~56.7 °C), the highest temperature ever recorded on Earth (as of 2015). ·
July 27 – The town of San Javier, Uruguay is
founded[13] by Russian settlers. August[edit] Main article: August 1913 ·
August 2 – The first known ascent
of Mount Olympus in
Greece is made by Swiss mountaineers Daniel Baud-Bovy and Frédéric Boissonnas guided
by Christos Kakkalos. ·
August 4 – Republic of
China: The province of Chungking (Chongqing) declares
independence; Republican forces crush the rebellion in a couple of weeks. ·
August 10 – Second Balkan War:
The Treaty of
Bucharest is signed, ending the war. Macedonia is
divided, and Northern Epirus is
assigned to Albania. ·
August 13 – Harry Brearley invents stainless steel in Sheffield.[14] ·
August 20 – After his airplane fails at
an altitude of 900 feet (270 m), aviator Adolphe Pégoud becomes
the first person to bail out from an airplane and land safely.[15] ·
August 23 – The Little
Mermaid statue is finished in Copenhagen, Denmark. ·
August 26 – Dublin Lock-out in Ireland: Members
of James Larkin's Irish
Transport and General Workers' Union employed by the Dublin
United Tramways Companybegin strike action in defiance of the
dismissal of trade union members
by its chairman.[16] ·
August 31 – Dublin Lock-out:
"Bloody Sunday": The dispute escalates when the Dublin
Metropolitan Police kill one demonstrator and injure 400, in
dispersing a demonstration.[4][16] September[edit] Main article: September 1913
(month)
The Balkan boundaries after 1913 ·
September 7–8 – The Fourth Congress of the International
Psychoanalytical Association (the last occasion on
which Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud will meet) takes place
in Munich. ·
In
Germany, BASF starts the world's first plant for
the production of fertilizer based
on the Haber-Bosch process,
feeding in modern times about a third of the world's population. ·
Imperial Russian
Army pilot Pyotr Nesterov becomes the first person
to loop an
airplane, flying a Nieuport IV monoplane over Syretzk Aerodrome
near Kiev, Russia. ·
Helgoland
Island air disaster: The first fatalities aboard a German airship occur, when the Imperial German Navy Zeppelindirigible LZ 14 (naval
designation L 1) is forced down into the North Sea off Heligoland during a thunderstorm, killing 16 of the 22 men on
board. ·
September 10 – Jean Sibelius's tone poem Luonnotar is
premiered in Gloucester Cathedral,
England, with soprano Aino Ackté. ·
September 17 – In Chicago, the Anti-Defamation
League of B'nai B'rith is founded, with Sigmund Livingston as
its first president. ·
September 23 – French aviator Roland Garros crosses
the Mediterranean in an airplane flying from Fréjus, France to Bizerte, Tunisia. ·
September 29 – Second Balkan War:
The Treaty of
Constantinople is signed in Istanbul, between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Bulgaria. October[edit] Main article: October 1913 ·
October 1 – Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa's troops take Torreón after a 3-day battle, when
government troops retreat.
Nearly-completed Ford Model Ts at the
Highland Park Plant ·
October 7 – The Ford Motor Company's Highland Park
Plant in Highland Park,
Michigan, near Detroit, becomes the
first automobile production facility in the world to implement the moving
assembly line, significantly speeding up production of the Model T. ·
October 9 – Canadian-owned ocean
liner SS Volturno (1906),
carrying passengers (mostly immigrants) and a chemical cargo from Rotterdam to New York City, catches
fire in a North Atlantic gale; 136 die, but 521 are saved by ships summoned
by SOS messages to the scene. ·
U.S.
President Woodrow Wilson triggers
the explosion of the Gamboa Dike, ending construction on the Panama Canal. ·
Yuan Shikai is elected President
of the Republic of China.[citation needed] ·
October 11 – The Philadelphia
Athletics win the deciding game of the 1913 World Series,
over baseball's New York Giants,
winning 3–1 to take the series in five games. ·
October 14 – Senghenydd
colliery disaster: An explosion at the Universal Colliery,
Senghenydd in South Wales kills
439 miners, the worst mining accident in the United Kingdom.[14] ·
October 16 – The British Royal Navy's HMS Queen
Elizabeth is launched at Portsmouth Dockyard as
the first oil-fired battleship.[17]
Monument to the Battle of the Nations at
Leipzig ·
October 18 – The Monument
to the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig, Germany is finished. ·
October 19 – The DLRG (German
Life-Saving Society) is founded. ·
October 26 – Victoriano Huerta elected
president of Mexico. ·
October 28–December 2 – Zabern Affair: Acts of aggression by
the Prussian garrison at Zabern, Alsace-Lorraine provoke political
debate across the German Empire. ·
October 31 – The Lincoln Highway, the first automobile road
across the United States, is dedicated. November[edit] Main article: November 1913 ·
November 5 – King Otto of Bavaria is deposed by his
cousin, Prince Regent Ludwig, who assumes the title Ludwig III. ·
November 6 – Mohandas Gandhi is arrested, while
leading a march of Indian miners in South Africa. ·
November 7–11 – The Great Lakes
Storm of 1913 claims 19 ships, and more than 250 lives. December[edit] Main article: December 1913 ·
The Ford Motor Company introduces
the first moving assembly line,
reducing chassis assembly time from 12½ hours in
October to 2 hours, 40 minutes. Although Ford is not the first to use an
assembly line, his successful adoption of one sparks an era of mass production. ·
Crete, having obtained self rule from Turkey after the First Balkan War, is annexed by Greece. ·
Buenos Aires
Underground, the first in South America, opens. ·
December 12 – Vincenzo Peruggia tries
to sell the Mona Lisa in Florence, and is arrested. ·
December 19 – The Raker Act is signed by President Woodrow Wilson, allowing the City of San Francisco to dam Hetch Hetchy Valley in Yosemite National
Park. ·
December 23 – The Federal Reserve
System is created as the central banking system of the United
States, by Woodrow Wilson's
signature of the Federal Reserve Act. ·
December 30 – Italy returns the Mona Lisa to France. Date unknown[edit] ·
The Ahmadiyya
Muslim Community is established in Bengal Province (modern-day Bangladesh). ·
French
physicist Georges Sagnac shows
that light propagates at a speed independent of the speed of its source. ·
The Camel cigarettes are introduced by R. J.
Reynolds in the United States (the first packaged
cigarettes). ·
Prada is established as a leather goods
dealer in Milan, by Mario Prada and his brother. ·
The
value of world trade reaches
roughly $38 billion. Births[edit]
January–February[edit]
·
January 1 – Shek Kin, Hong Kong actor (d. 2009) ·
January 2 – Anna Lee, English-American actress (d. 2004) ·
January 4 – Malietoa
Tanumafili II, Samoan head of state (d. 2007) ·
Edward Gierek, Polish politician (d. 2001) ·
Loretta Young, American actress (d. 2000) ·
January 7 – Victor H. Krulak, United States Marine Corps
general (d. 2008) ·
Eric Berry,
British actor (d. 1993) ·
Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United
States (d. 1994) ·
Gustáv Husák,
Slovak politician (d. 1991) ·
Mehmet Shehu, 23rd Prime Minister of Albania
(d. 1981) ·
Karl Stegger, Danish actor (d. 1980) ·
Jean Murrell Capers,
American judge (d. 2017) ·
Eugène Brands, Dutch painter (d. 2002) ·
Lloyd Bridges, American actor (d. 1998) ·
Alexander Marinesko,
Soviet naval officer (d. 1963) ·
January 17 – Everett Parker, American civil rights
activist (d. 2015) ·
January 18 – George Unwin, British World War II fighter
ace (d. 2006) ·
Henry Bauchau, Belgian novelist, poet and
psychoanalyst (d. 2012) ·
William Conway,
Irish cardinal (d. 1977) ·
Carl F. H. Henry, American theologian and
publisher (d. 2003) ·
Jean-Michel Atlan,
French painter (d. 1960) ·
Wally Parks, American founder of the NHRA
(d. 2007) ·
Huang Hua,
Foreign Minister of China (d. 2010) ·
Witold
Lutosławski, Polish composer (d. 1994) ·
Victor Mature, American actor (d. 1999) ·
Peter von Zahn, German journalist, writer
(d. 2001) ·
February 2 – Poul Reichhardt, Danish actor (d. 1985) ·
Frank P. Keller, American film editor (d. 1977) ·
Rosa Parks, American civil rights activist
(d. 2005) ·
Richard Seaman, British motor racing driver
(d. 1939) ·
February 6 – Mary Leakey, British anthropologist
(d. 1996) ·
February 8 – Betty Field, American actress (d. 1973) ·
Douglas Slocombe, British cinematographer
(d. 2016) ·
Bill
White, Australian rugby union player (d. 1969) ·
Mel Allen, American sports reporter
(d. 1996) ·
Woody Hayes, American college football coach
(d. 1987) ·
Jimmy Hoffa, American labor leader
(disappeared 1975) ·
February 19 – Frank Tashlin, American animation director
(d. 1972) ·
February 20 – Tommy Henrich, American baseball player
(d. 2009) ·
February 23 – P. C. Sorcar, Indian stage magician
(d. 1971) ·
Jim Backus, American actor (d. 1989) ·
Gert Fröbe, German actor (Goldfinger) (d. 1988) ·
February 26 – George Barker,
British poet (d. 1991) ·
T. B. Ilangaratne,
Sri Lankan author, dramatist, actor and politician (d. 1992) ·
Paul Ricœur, French philosopher (d. 2005) ·
Kazimierz Sabbat, leader of Polish
government-in-exile (d. 1989) ·
Irwin Shaw, American writer (d. 1984) March–April[edit]
·
March 1 – R. S. R. Fitter, British writer (d. 2005) ·
March 2 – Godfried Bomans, Dutch writer (d. 1971) ·
March 4 – John Garfield, American actor (d. 1952) ·
March 12 – Loulie Jean Norman,
American singer (d. 2005) ·
March 13 ·
William Casey, American Central Intelligence
Agency director (d. 1987) ·
Sergey Mikhalkov, Russian writer, lyricist
(d. 2009) ·
March 15 – Rosita Contreras, Argentine actress (d.
1962) ·
March 18 ·
René Clément,
French film director (d. 1996) ·
Reinhard Hardegen,
German U-boat commander (d. 2018) ·
Werner Mölders,
German fighter pilot (d. 1941) ·
March 19 – Smoky Dawson, Australian singer (d. 2008) ·
March 21 – George Abecassis, English race car driver
(d. 1991) ·
March 22 – Tom McCall, American politician and
journalist (d. 1983) ·
March 26 ·
Paul Erdős, Hungarian mathematician
(d. 1996) ·
Jacqueline de
Romilly, French philologist (d. 2010) ·
March 28 – Toko Shinoda, Japanese painter ·
March 29 – R. S. Thomas, Welsh poet (d. 2000) ·
March 30 ·
Richard Helms, American Central Intelligence
Agency director (d. 2002) ·
Frankie Laine, American singer (d. 2007) ·
Ċensu Tabone, Maltese politician
(d. 2012) ·
March 31 – Etta Baker, American musician (d. 2006) ·
April 3 – Per Borten, Premier of Norway (d. 2005) ·
April 4 ·
Cecil Gant, American blues singer,
songwriter and pianist (d. 1951) ·
Rosemary Lane,
American singer (d. 1974) ·
Frances Langford, American singer, actress
(d. 2005) ·
Muddy Waters, African-American musician
(d. 1983) ·
April 7 ·
Louise Currie, American actress (d. 2013) ·
Florence S. Jacobsen,
American Mormon leader (d. 2017) ·
Charles Vanik, American politician (d. 2007) ·
April 8 ·
Sourou-Migan Apithy,
Beninese political figure, 2nd President of Dahomey (d. 1989) ·
Benedict J.
Semmes, Jr., American admiral (d. 1994) ·
Carlton Skinner, Governor of Guam (d. 2004) ·
April 9 – Aleksanteri Saarvala,
Finnish artistic gymnast (d. 1989) ·
April 10 – Stefan Heym, German writer (d. 2001) ·
April 11 – Oleg Cassini, American fashion designer
(d. 2006) ·
April 11 – Winifred Drinkwater,
Scottish aviator, first woman to hold a commercial pilot's license (d. 1996) ·
April 14 – Jean Fournet, French conductor (d. 2008) ·
April 16 – Les Tremayne, British-born American actor
(d. 2003) ·
April 18 – Jack Pope, American judge, attorney, and
author (d. 2017) ·
April 19 ·
Lloyd Cardwell, American football player and
coach (d. 1997) ·
Karl Rawer, German physicist (d. 2018) ·
April 21 – Richard Beeching, chairman of British Rail
(d. 1985) ·
April 27 – Philip Hauge Abelson,
American physicist, writer, and editor (d. 2004) ·
April 29 – Eugene Vielle, British Royal Air Force
officer (d. 2015) May–June[edit]
·
May 1 ·
Roy Matsumoto, American army officer
(d. 2014) ·
Louis Nye, American comedian, actor
(d. 2005) ·
Walter Susskind, Czech conductor (d. 1980) ·
May 4 – Hisaya Morishige, Japanese actor (d. 2009) ·
May 5 – Fred J. Doocy, American politician, banker
(d. 2017) ·
May 6 – Stewart Granger, Anglo-American actor
(d. 1993) ·
May 8 ·
Bob Clampett, American director (Looney Tunes) (d. 1984) ·
Saima Harmaja, Finnish poet (d. 1937) ·
Sid James, South African-born British actor,
comedian (d. 1976) ·
Charles Scorsese, American actor, father
of Martin Scorsese (d. 1993) ·
May 11 – Robert Jungk, Austrian journalist (d. 1994) ·
May 13 ·
Liu Xuyi, Chinese historian (d. 2018) ·
William R.
Tolbert, Jr., President of Liberia (d. 1980) ·
May 16 ·
Paul R. Norby, American naval officer
(d. 2015) ·
Woody Herman, American musician, band leader
(d. 1987) ·
May 19 – Neelam Sanjiva Reddy,
Indian politician, 6th President of India (d. 1996) ·
May 20 ·
Teodoro Fernández,
Peruvian soccer player (d. 1996) ·
William Hewlett,
American businessman (d. 2001) ·
May 22 – Benedict Garmisa, American politician
(d. 1985) ·
May 24 ·
Peter Ellenshaw, American matte designer
(d. 2007) ·
James Flint,
British Royal Air Force officer, businessman (d. 2013) ·
Haldpr Topsøe,
Danish engineer (d. 2013) ·
May 25 – Benjamin Melniker,
American producer (d. 2018) ·
May 26 ·
Peter Cushing, English actor (d. 1994) ·
Pierre Daninos, French writer, humorist
(d. 2005) ·
Josef Manger, German weightlifter (d. 1991) ·
May 29 – Tony Zale, American boxer (d. 1997) ·
May 31 – Peter Frankenfeld,
German comedian, radio and television personality (d. 1979) ·
June 2 – Elsie Tu, English-born Hong Kong social
activist (d. 2015) ·
June 3 – Yitzhak Berman, Israeli politician (d. 2013) ·
June 6 – Carlo L. Golino, American scholar (d. 1991) ·
June 10 – Benjamin Shapira, German-born Israeli
biochemist, recipient of the Israel Prize (d. 1993) ·
June 11 ·
Vince Lombardi, American football coach
(d. 1970) ·
Risë Stevens, American mezzo-soprano
(d. 2013) ·
June 13 ·
Oswald Teichmüller,
German mathematician (d. 1943) ·
Ralph Edwards, American game show host
(d. 2005) ·
Yitzhak Pundak, Polish-born Israeli military
officer, diplomat (d. 2017) ·
June 18 ·
Robert Mondavi, American winemaker (d. 2008) ·
Sylvia Field Porter,
American economist, journalist (d. 1991) ·
June 21 ·
Madihe Pannaseeha
Thero, Sri Lankan Buddhist monk (d. 2003) ·
Luis Taruc, Filipino political figure,
insurgent (d. 2005) ·
Kid Azteca, Mexican boxer (d. 2002) ·
June 22 – Álvaro Alsogaray,
Argentine politician and businessman (d. 2005) ·
June 23 ·
Jacques
Rabemananjara, Malagasy politician, playwright and poet (d. 2005) ·
William P. Rogers,
American diplomat (d. 2001) ·
June 24 ·
Gustaaf Deloor, Belgian road racing cyclist
(d. 2002) ·
Charles deGravelles,
American businessman (d. 2008) ·
June 25 ·
Eberhard
Cronshagen, German actor, director, broadcaster, dialog book
author and dubbing director ·
Cyril Fletcher, British comedian (d. 2005) ·
June 26 ·
Anissa Rawda Najjar,
Lebanese feminist, women's rights activist (d. 2016) ·
Aimé Césaire,
French Martinican poet, politician (d. 2008) ·
Rudolf Brazda, German concentration camp
prisoner (d. 2011) ·
Maurice Wilkes, British computer scientist
(d. 2010) ·
Konrāds
Kalējs, Latvian soldier (d. 2001) ·
June 27 ·
Benvenuto Nunes, Brazilian olympic
freestyle, backstroke swimmer ·
Richard Pike Bissell,
American author (d. 1977) ·
June 28 ·
Franz Antel, Austrian filmmaker (d. 2007) ·
Maldwyn James, Welsh international rugby
union player (d. 2003) ·
June 30 ·
Alfonso López
Michelsen, President of Colombia (d. 2007) ·
Henry Leask, British Army officer (d. 2004) July[edit]
·
July 1 ·
Lee Guttero, American basketball player
(d. 2004) ·
Noel Miller, Australian cricketer (d. 2007) ·
Frederick Malkus, American politician
(d. 1999) ·
André Tollet, French upholsterer, trade
unionist and communist (d. 2001) ·
Frank Barrett,
American relief pitcher (d. 1998) ·
Mario Acerbi, Italian football player
(d. 2010) ·
Joana Raspall i
Juanola, Spanish writer and librarian (d. 2013) ·
Paramasiva
Prabhakar Kumaramangalam, Indian Army Chief (d. 2000) ·
July 3 – Dorothy Kilgallen,
American newspaper columnist (d. 1965) ·
July 4 – Barbara
Weeks, American actress (d. 2003) ·
July 5 ·
Elwood Cooke, American tennis player
(d. 2004) ·
Smiley Lewis, American New Orleans
rhythm and blues singer, guitarist (d. 1966) ·
July 6 – Vance Trimble, American Pulitzer
Prize-winning journalist, author ·
July 7 ·
Pinetop Perkins, American blues musician
(d. 2011) ·
Lu Ann Meredith, American actress (d. 1998) ·
July 8 ·
Alejandra Soler, Spanish politician and
schoolteacher (d. 2017) ·
Bill Thompson,
American voice actor (d. 1971) ·
July 9 ·
Ted Grant, South African Trotskyist
(d. 2006) ·
William M. Zachacki,
(d. 1969) ·
July 10 ·
Elizabeth Inglis, English actress (d. 2007) ·
Joan Marsh, American actress (d. 2000) ·
July 11 – Kofi Abrefa Busia,
Ghanese nationalist leader, 2nd Prime Minister of
Ghana (d. 1978) ·
July 12 ·
Sultan Hamid II (d. 1978) ·
Edith Nash, American educator, poet
(d. 2003) ·
Philip Mayer Kaiser,
American diplomat (d. 2007) ·
Rufus Rogers, New Zealand doctor, politician
(d. 2009) ·
Willis Lamb, American physicist, Nobel Prize
laureate (d. 2008) ·
July 13 ·
Murilo
Borges Moreira [pt], Brazilian general and former mayor of Fortaleza (d. 1982) ·
Kay Linaker, American actress (d. 2008) ·
Mærsk Mc-Kinney
Møller, Danish shipping magnate (d. 2012) ·
July 14 ·
Gerald Ford, 38th President of the United
States (d. 2006) ·
Princess
Urraca of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, (d. 1999) ·
René Llense, French football goalkeeper
(d. 2014) ·
July 15 ·
Gene Wettstone, American gymnastics coach
(d. 2013) ·
Hammond Innes, English author (d. 1998) ·
Abraham Sutzkever,
Yiddish language poet, memoirist (d. 2010) ·
July 16 ·
Mirza Babayev, Azerbaijani movie actor,
singer (d. 2003) ·
Herman Gundlach, American football offensive
lineman (d. 2005) ·
Antoine Raab, German footballer (d. 2006) ·
Carmen Acevedo Vega,
Ecuadorian poet, writer, and journalist (d. 2006) ·
July 17 ·
Roger Garaudy, French Holocaust denier
(d. 2012) ·
Bertrand Goldberg,
American architect (d. 1997) ·
July 18 ·
N. Krishnaswami
Reddy, Indian lawyer (d. 2002) ·
Du Runsheng, Chinese military officer,
politician, and economist (d. 2015) ·
Red Skelton, American comedian (d. 1997) ·
July 19 ·
Fred Agnich, American politician (d. 2004) ·
Manouchehr Sotodeh,
Iranian geographer (d. 2016) ·
July 20 ·
Irma Córdoba, Argentine actress (d. 2008) ·
Guillermo Leaden, Argentine bishop (d. 2014) ·
July 22 ·
Esteban Reyes, Mexican tennis player
(d. 2014) ·
Gorni Kramer, Italian bandleader, songwriter
(d. 1995) ·
Licia Albanese, Italian-born soprano
(d. 2014) ·
July 23 ·
Coral Browne, Australian actress (d. 1991) ·
Michael Foot, British politician (d. 2010) ·
July 24 – Robert Emhardt, American actor (d. 1994) ·
July 26 – Kan Yuet-keung, Hong Kong banker, politician
and lawyer (d. 2012) ·
July 28 – Hedley Kett, British naval officer (d. 2014) ·
July 29 – Erich Priebke, German war criminal, leader
of the 1944 Ardeatine massacre (d. 2013) ·
July 30 – Lou Darvas, American artist, cartoonist
(d. 1987) August[edit]
·
August 8 ·
John Facenda, American sports announcer
(d. 1984) ·
Robert Stafford, Governor of Vermont, U.S
Representative and U.S. Senator (d. 2006) ·
August 9 – Tadeusz Kotz, Polish World War II fighter
ace (d. 2008) ·
Noah Beery Jr., American actor (d. 1994) ·
Wolfgang Paul, German physicist (d. 1993) ·
Fred Davis,
English snooker, billiards player (d. 1998) ·
Makarios III, Archbishop and first President
of Cyprus (d. 1977) ·
Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel,
recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1992) ·
Helen F. Holt, American politician (d. 2015) ·
W. Mark Felt, American FBI Associate
Director, Deep Throat Watergate informant (d. 2008) ·
Rudy York, American baseball player
(d. 1970) ·
August 18 – Nils Löfgren, Swedish chemist (d. 1967) ·
August 19 – Richard Simmons,
American actor (d. 2003) ·
August 20 – Roger Wolcott Sperry,
American neurobiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or
Medicine (d. 1994) ·
August 25 – Don DeFore, American actor (d. 1993) ·
August 26 – Boris Pahor, Slovenian writer ·
August 27 – Nina
Schenk Gräfin von Stauffenberg, German wife of freedom fighter
Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg (d. 2006) ·
Robertson Davies, Canadian novelist
(d. 1995) ·
Richard Tucker, American tenor (d. 1975) ·
August 29 – Jan Ekier, Polish pianist, composer
(d. 2014) ·
August 30 – Richard Stone, British economist, Nobel
Prize laureate (d. 1991) ·
Helen Levitt, American photographer
(d. 2009) ·
Bernard Lovell, British radio astronomer
(d. 2012) September–October[edit]
·
September 1 – Ludwig Merwart, Austrian painter, graphic
artist (d. 1979) ·
Israel Gelfand, Russian mathematician
(d. 2009) ·
Bill Shankly, Scottish football manager
(d. 1981) ·
September 3 – Alan Ladd, American actor (d. 1964) ·
Mickey Cohen, American gangster (d. 1976) ·
Boone Guyton, American test pilot (d. 1996) ·
Stanford Moore, American chemist, Nobel
Prize laureate (d. 1982) ·
Kenzō Tange, Japanese architect
(d. 2005) ·
Julie Gibson, American singer, actress ·
Lincoln Gordon, American diplomat (d. 2009) ·
Zephania Mothopeng,
South African politician, activist (d. 1990) ·
Paul "Bear" Bryant, American football
coach (d. 1983) ·
Eugenia Rawls, American actress (d. 2000) ·
Jesse Owens, African-American athlete
(d. 1980) ·
Eiji Toyoda, Japanese industrialist
(d. 2013) ·
Roy Engel, American actor (d. 1980) ·
Trần
Đại Nghĩa, North Vietnamese army general (d. 1997) ·
Jacobo Árbenz, President of Guatemala
(d. 1971) ·
Annalisa Ericson, Swedish actress (d. 2011) ·
September 15 – John N. Mitchell, United States Attorney
General, convicted Watergate criminal (d. 1988) ·
Robert Lembke, German television presenter,
game show host (d. 1989) ·
Ata Kandó, Hungarian-born Dutch photographer
(d. 2017) ·
September 19 – Frances Farmer, American actress (d. 1970) ·
September 22 – Lillian Chestney, American painter (d. 2000) ·
September 23 – Carl-Henning
Pedersen, Danish artist, member of the CoBrA movement (d. 2007) ·
Wilson Rawls, American author (d. 1984) ·
Herb Jeffries, American actor, popular music
and jazz singer (d. 2014) ·
Charles Helou, 9th President of Lebanon
(d. 2001) ·
Terence
Patrick O'Sullivan, British civil engineer (d. 1970) ·
September 28 – Warja
Honegger-Lavater, Swiss artist, illustrator (d. 2007) ·
Trevor Howard, English actor (d. 1988) ·
Stanley Kramer, American film producer,
director, and writer (d. 2001) ·
Silvio Piola, Italian footballer (d. 1996) ·
Bill Walsh,
American movie producer, writer (d. 1975) ·
Cecilia
Caballero Blanco, First Lady of Colombia ·
October 2 – Roma Mitchell, Australian lawyer, Governor of
South Australia (d. 2000) ·
October 4 – Martial Célestin,
1st Prime Minister of Haiti (d. 2011) ·
Alice Chetwynd Ley,
British romance writer (d. 2004) ·
Claude Simon, French writer, Nobel Prize
laureate (d. 2005) ·
October 11 – Joe Simon, American comic book artist,
writer (d. 2011) ·
October 18 – Evelyn Venable, American actress (d. 1993) ·
October 19 – Vinicius de Moraes,
Brazilian poet, lyricist, and diplomat (d. 1980) ·
October 20 – Barney Phillips, American actor (d. 1982) ·
Boots Mallory, American actress, dancer, and
model (d. 1958) ·
Robert Capa, Hungarian-born American
photojournalist (d. 1954) ·
Tamara Desni, German-born British actress
(d. 2008) ·
Hans-Peter Tschudi,
2-time President of Switzerland (d. 2002) ·
October 24 – Tito Gobbi, Italian operatic baritone
(d. 1984) ·
October 26 – Harry Kartz, British businessman (d. 2016) ·
Joe Medicine Crow,
American tribal historian, anthropologist (d. 2016) ·
Otto Wichterle, Czech inventor of the
modern contact lens (d. 1998) ·
Douglas Seale, American actor (d. 1999) ·
Don Lusk, American animator (d. 2017) November[edit]
·
November 2 – Burt Lancaster, American actor, best known
for his role in Elmer Gantry (d. 1994) ·
Marika Rökk, Egyptian-born Austrian singer,
dancer and actress (d. 2004) ·
Antony Mitradas, Indian film director
(d. 2017) ·
November 5 – Vivien Leigh, British actress, best known
for her role in Gone With The
Wind (d. 1967) ·
Albert Camus, French writer, Nobel Prize
laureate (d. 1960) ·
Tahira Tahirova, Azerbaijani politician
(d. 1991) ·
Elizabeth
Bradford Holbrook, Canadian sculptor (d. 2009) ·
November 8 – Max Desfor, American photographer (d. 2018) ·
Álvaro Cunhal, Portuguese politician
(d. 2005) ·
Sun Yun-suan, Chinese engineer, politician
(d. 2006) ·
Landrum Bolling, American political
scientist and academic administrator (d. 2018) ·
Lon Nol, 2-Time Prime Minister of Cambodia
(d. 1985) ·
Alexander Scourby,
American actor (d. 1985) ·
November 15 – Arthur Haulot, Belgian journalist (d. 2005) ·
November 16 – Ellen Albertini Dow,
American actress (d. 2015) ·
November 18 – Endre Rozsda, Hungarian-French painter
(d. 1999) ·
John Boulting, English film director
(d. 1985) ·
Roy Boulting, English film director,
producer (d. 2001) ·
Charles Berlitz, American author (d. 2003) ·
Benjamin Britten, English composer (d. 1976) ·
Gardnar Mulloy, American tennis player,
coach (d. 2016) ·
Cecilia Muñoz-Palma,
first female Philippine Supreme Court Justice (d. 2006) ·
Jacqueline
Vaudecrane, French figure skater (d. 2018) ·
November 25 – Lewis Thomas, American physician, essayist
(d. 1993) December[edit]
·
December 1 – Mary Martin, American actress (d. 1990) ·
December 2 – Jerry Sohl, American scriptwriter (d. 2002) ·
Nikolai Amosov, Ukrainian heart surgeon,
inventor, best-selling author, and exercise enthusiast (d. 2002) ·
Eleanor Holm, American swimmer (d. 2004) ·
December 8 – Delmore Schwartz, American poet (d. 1966) ·
December 9 – Cynthia Chalk, American photographer
(d. 2018) ·
Morton Gould, American composer (d. 1996) ·
Harry Locke, British character actor
(d. 1987) ·
December 11 – Jean Marais, French actor (d. 1998) ·
December 13 – Arnold
Brown, Salvation Army general (d. 2002) ·
December 15 – Muriel Rukeyser, American poet (d. 1980) ·
December 16 – George Ignatieff, Canadian diplomat,
recipient of the 1984 Pearson Medal of Peace (d. 1989) ·
Lynn Bari, American actress (d. 1989) ·
Alfred Bester, American author (d. 1987) ·
Willy Brandt, Chancellor of Germany,
recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1992) ·
December 21 – Arnold Friberg, American artist (d. 2010) ·
December 23 – Frank Pierpoint
Appleby, Canadian politician (d. 2015) ·
Candy Candido, American voice actor
(d. 1999) ·
Tony Martin,
American singer and actor (d. 2012) ·
Henri Nannen, German journalist, mass media
owner (d. 1996) ·
December 26 – Frank Swift, English footballer (d. 1958) ·
Lou Jacobi, Canadian-American actor
(d. 2009) ·
Charles Maxwell,
American actor (d. 1993) ·
December 29 – Pierre Werner, Prime Minister of Luxembourg
(d. 2002) ·
December 30 – Elyne Mitchell, Australian author (d. 2002) Date unknown[edit] ·
Halil-Salim Jabara,
Israeli Arab politician (d. 1999) ·
Bahjat Talhouni, 4-time Prime Minister of
Jordan (d. 1994) Deaths[edit] January[edit] ·
Hermann Kinkelin, Swiss mathematician and
politician (b. 1832) ·
Léon Teisserenc
de Bort, French meteorologist (b. 1855) ·
January 3 – Jeff Davis,
American politician, 20th Governor of Arkansas (b. 1862) ·
January 4 – Alfred von
Schlieffen, German field marshal (b. 1833) ·
January 6 – Gyula Juhász,
Hungarian sculptor (b. 1876) ·
Tom Dolan,
American baseball pitcher (b. 1855) ·
Thaddeus S. C. Lowe,
American aeronaut, scientist and inventor (b. 1832) ·
January 18 – George Alexander
Gibson, Scottish physician (b. 1854) ·
January 20 – José Guadalupe
Posada, Mexican political printmaker and engraver (b. 1852) ·
January 21 – Aluísio Azevedo,
Brazilian novelist (b. 1857) ·
January 27 – Archduke
Rainer Ferdinand of Austria (b. 1832) ·
Julius Heinrich
Franz, German astronomer (b. 1847) ·
Segismundo Moret, Spanish politician and
writer, 3-time Prime Minister of
Spain (b. 1833) February[edit]
·
February 2 – Gustaf de Laval, Swedish engineer and
inventor (b. 1845) ·
Yohan Kazimir Ernrot,
5th Prime Minister
of Bulgaria (b. 1833) ·
Lio Gangeri, Italian sculptor (b. 1845) ·
February 8 – Morten Eskesen, Danish author (b. 1826) ·
February 9 – Manuel Enrique
Araujo, 23rd President of El
Salvador (assassinated) (b. 1865) ·
February 15 – Florence Barker,
American actress (b. 1891) ·
February 17 – Edward Stanley
Gibbons, English philatelist, founder of Stanley Gibbons Ltd (b. 1840) ·
Ferdinand de
Saussure, Swiss linguist and semiotician (b. 1857) ·
Empress Dowager
Longyu (b. 1868) ·
Francisco I. Madero,
33rd President of Mexico (b. 1873) ·
February 23 – Dénes Andrássy,
Hungarian nobleman (b. 1835) ·
February 26 – Felix Draeseke, German composer (b. 1835) ·
February 28 – George Finnegan, American Olympic boxer
(b. 1881) March[edit]
King George I of Greece
·
March 7 – E. Pauline Johnson,
Canadian writer (b. 1861) ·
March 10 – Harriet Tubman, American abolitionist,
humanitarian and spy (b. c. 1822) ·
March 11 – John Shaw Billings,
American military, medical leader (b. 1838) ·
March 12 – Francisco
Pereira Passos, Brazilian engineer politician, Mayor of Rio de
Janeiro (b. 1836) ·
March 13 – Felix Hidalgo, Filipino artist (b. 1855) ·
March 14 – Auguste Desgodins,
French missionary (b. 1826) ·
March 17 – Soledad Acosta, Colombian journalist and
writer (b. 1833) ·
March 18 – King George I of Greece (b. 1845) ·
March 19 – Géza Allaga, Hungarian composer (b. 1841) ·
March 21 – Manuel Bonilla, 2-time President of
Honduras (b. 1849) ·
March 22 ·
Gheorghe
Grigore Cantacuzino, Romanian lawyer and politician, 20th Prime Minister
of Romania (b. 1833) ·
Sung Chiao-jen, Chinese revolutionary
(b. 1882)j ·
March 25 – Garnet
Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley, British field marshal (b. 1833) ·
March 31 – J. P. Morgan, American financier (b. 1837) April[edit] ·
April 7 – Carl von Lemcke, German mathematician
(b. 1867) ·
April 8 – Gyula Kőnig, Hungarian mathematician
(b. 1849) ·
April 15 – Kareemullah Shah, Indian Sufi scholar
and saint ·
April 18 – Lester Frank Ward,
American botanist, paleontologist and sociologist (b. 1841) ·
April 19 ·
Paul Janson, Belgian politician (b. 1840) ·
Hugo Winckler, German archaeologist and
historian who uncovered the capital of the Hittite Empire (Hattusa) (b. 1863) ·
April 20 – Vilhelm Bissen, Danish sculptor (b. 1836) ·
April 24 – Vsevolod Abramovich,
Russian aviator (b. 1890) ·
April 25 ·
Mykhailo
Kotsiubynsky, Ukrainian author (b. 1864) ·
Stjepan
Kovačević, Croatian politician (b. 1841) ·
April 27 – Gabriel von Seidl,
German architect (b. 1848) ·
April 28 – Andreas Flocken, German entrepreneur and
inventor (b. 1845) ·
April 29 – Václav Hladík,
Austro-Hungarian novelist (b. 1868) May[edit]
·
May 1 – John Barclay
Armstrong, Texas Ranger, U.S. Marshal (b. 1850) ·
May 2 ·
Tancrède Auguste,
Haitian general, 20th President of Haiti (b. 1856) ·
Metropolitan Baselios Paulose I (b. 1836) ·
May 6 – Elena Guro, Russian painter and writer
(b. 1877) ·
May 8 – Louis Adolphus
Duhring, American physician (b. 1845) ·
May 16 – Louis Perrier, member of the Swiss Federal
Council (b. 1849) ·
May 19 – Gabriel Loppé, French painter and
photographer (b. 1825) ·
May 25 – Alfred Redl, Austrian military intelligence
officer, double agent (honorable suicide) (b. 1864) ·
May 28 – John
Lubbock, 1st Baron Avebury, British politician and scientist
(b. 1834) June[edit]
·
June 2 – Alfred Austin, English Poet Laureate
(b. 1835) ·
June 5 – Chris von der Ahe,
German-born American brewer, baseball owner (b. 1851) ·
June 8 – Emily Davison, English suffragette (b. 1872) ·
June 22 ·
Ștefan
Octavian Iosif, Romanian poet (b. 1875) ·
Victorin-Hippolyte
Jasset, French pioneer (b. 1862) ·
June 23 ·
Nicolás de Piérola,
Peruvian politician, 2-time President of Peru (b. 1839) ·
Jonathan Hutchinson,
English surgeon (b. 1828) ·
June 28 – Manuel Ferraz de Campos Sgales, Brazilian
lawyer, politician and 4th President of Brazil (b. 1841) July[edit]
·
July 1 – Emanuel M. Abrahams,
American politician (b. 1866) ·
July 3 – Horatio Nelson Young,
American Civil War naval hero ·
July 5 – Prince
Arisugawa Takehito (b. 1862) ·
July 10 ·
Mikoláš Aleš,
Austro-Hungarian painter (b. 1835) ·
John Valentine Ellis,
Canadian journalist ·
July 11 – Charles Lavigne, Ceylonese Roman Catholic and Syro Malabar
Catholic bishop and Servant of God (b. 1840) ·
July 13 – Edward Burd Grubb,
Jr., American Civil War Union Brevet Brigadier General (b. 1841) ·
July 16 – Sigismund Bachrich,
Hungarian composer (b. 1841) ·
July 17 – Esther Saville Allen,
American author (b. 1837) ·
July 19 – Clímaco Calderón,
Colombian lawyer, politician and 15th President of
Colombia (b. 1852) ·
July 20 – Vsevolod Rudnev, Russian admiral (b. 1855) ·
July 22 – Adhémar Esmein,
French jurist (b. 1848) ·
Eduardo López Rivas,
Venezuelan editor and journalist (b. 1850) ·
July 29 – Tobias Asser, Dutch jurist, recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1838) ·
July 30 ·
Lady Alicia
Blackwood, English painter (b. 1818) ·
Warren F. Daniell,
American politician, U.S. Representative from New Hampshire (b. 1826) ·
Itō Sachio, Japanese poet and novelist
(b. 1864) August[edit]
·
August 3 ·
Josephine Cochrane,
inventor of the first commercially successful dishwasher (b. 1839) ·
Joseph Graybill, American actress (b. 1887) ·
August 4 – Étienne Laspeyres,
German economist (b. 1834) ·
August 7 – Samuel Franklin Cody,
American-born British aviation pioneer (b. 1867) ·
August 9 – Wilhelm Albermann,
German sculptor (b. 1835) ·
Johannes Linnankoski,
Finnish author (b. 1869) ·
Jules
Desbrochers des Loges, French entomologist (b. 1836) ·
August 11 – Vasily Avseenko, Russian journalist and
writer (b. 1842) ·
August 13 – August Bebel, German politician (b. 1840) ·
August 22 – Oscar de Négrier,
French general (b. 1839) ·
August 28 – Fyodor Kamensky, Russian sculptor (b. 1836) ·
August 29 – Lars Havstad, Norwegian activist (b. 1851) September[edit]
·
September 1 – Patriarch and
Metropolitan Lukijan
Bogdanović (b. 1867) ·
September 9 – Paul de Smet de
Naeyer, 16th Prime Minister
of Belgium (b. 1843) ·
September 13 – Arandzar, Armenian poet and writer (b. 1877) ·
September 16 – Julius Lewkowitsch,
German engineer (b. 1857) ·
September 18 – Prince
George Alexandrovich Yuryevsky (b. 1872) ·
September 20 – Ferdinand
Blumentritt, Filipino author (b. 1853) ·
September 29 – Rudolf Diesel, German engine inventor
(b. 1858) ·
Princess Beatrice
Bhadrayuvadi (b. 1876) ·
Antoni Klawiter, Polish Roman Catholic priest and venerable
(b. 1836) October[edit]
·
Josep Tapiró Baró,
Spanish painter (b. 1836) ·
Faisal
bin Turki, Sultan of Oman (b. 1864) ·
Eleanor Cripps
Kennedy, Canadian businessman (b. 1825) ·
October 5 – Hans von Bartels, German painter (b. 1856) ·
October 7 – Ivan
Banjavčić, Croatian politician and philanthropist
(b. 1843) ·
Gregorio
Maria Aguirre y Garcia, Spanish Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1835) ·
Katsura Tarō, 6th Prime Minister of
Japan (b. 1848) ·
October 12 – Elisabeth Leisinger,
German soprano (b 1864) ·
October 13 – Leonid Sobolev, 6th Prime Minister
of Bulgaria (b. 1844) ·
October 16 – Ralph Rose, American Olympic athlete
(b. 1885) ·
October 19 – Charles Tellier, French engineer, inventor
of the chemical refrigerator (b. 1828) ·
October 20 – Viktor Kirpichov, Russian engineer and
physicist (b. 1845) ·
October 21 – Theodor Kolde, German Protestant theologian (b. 1850) ·
October 29 – Darío de Regoyos,
Spanish painter (b. 1857) November[edit]
·
November 4 – Fredericus Anna
Jentink, Dutch zoologist (b. 1844) ·
November 7 – Alfred Russel
Wallace, Welsh biologist (b. 1823) ·
November 8 – Ferdinand Abell, American businessman
(b. 1835) ·
November 21 – Francesco Acri, Italian philosopher
(b. 1834) ·
George Barham, English businessman, founder
of Express
County Milk Supply Company (b. 1836) ·
Tokugawa Yoshinobu,
15th and last shōgun of
the Tokugawa shogunate of
Japan (b. 1837) ·
Sava Grujić, Serbian diplomat, general
and politician, 5-time Prime Minister
of Serbia (b. 1840) ·
Haviland Le Mesurier,
Australian soldier (b. 1856) December[edit]
Emperor Menelik II
Patriarch
Anthimus VII of Constantinople ·
Juho Lallukka, Finnish businessman (b. 1852) ·
Juhan Liiv, Estonian poet, short story
writer (b. 1864) ·
December 5 – Ferdinand Dugué,
French playwright (b. 1816) ·
Luigi
Oreglia di Santo Stefano, Italian Catholic churchman, last
surviving cardinal of Pius IX (b. 1828) ·
František
Koláček, Austro-Hungarian physicist (b. 1851) ·
Aaron Montgomery
Ward, American businessman, inventor of mail order (b. 1844) ·
December 10 – Léon Letort, French aviator (b. 1889) ·
Abraham Hirsch,
French architect (b. 1828) ·
Carl von In der Maur,
Governor of Liechtenstein (b. 1852) ·
Ioan Kalinderu, Romanian jurist (b. 1840) ·
December 12 – Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1844) ·
December 13 – Birger Kildal, Norwegian businessman
(b. 1849) ·
December 15 – Miguel Lebrija, Mexican aviator (b. 1887) ·
December 19 – Patriarch
Anthimus VII of Constantinople (b. 1827) ·
December 25 – Alberto Aguilera, Spanish politician
(b. 1842) ·
December 26 – Ambrose Bierce, American writer, journalist
(disappeared on this date) (b. 1842) ·
December 27 – Infanta
Antónia of Portugal (b. 1845) ·
December 30 – Giovanni Maria
Boccardo, Italian Roman Catholic priest and saint
(b. 1848) Nobel Prizes[edit]
·
Physics – Heike Kamerlingh
Onnes ·
Literature – Rabindranath Tagore References[edit] 1.
^ "The National Question and Social Democracy",
signed "K. Stalin" in the Russian-language Paris newspaper Sozial
Demokrat, 2.
^ Brackman, Roman (2003). The Secret File of
Joseph Stalin: A Hidden Life. Taylor & Francis. pp. 82–83. 3.
^ Walker, Andy (2013-04-17). "1913:
When Hitler, Trotsky, Tito, Freud and Stalin all lived in the same
place". BBC News. Retrieved 2016-11-04. 4.
^ Jump up to:a b Cottrell,
Peter (2009). The War for Ireland, 1913-1923. Oxford: Osprey.
p. 14. ISBN 978-1-84603-9966. 5.
^ Service,
Robert (2005). Stalin: A Biography. Cambridge, MA:
Harvard University Press. pp. 90–91. 6.
^ "Over 200 Lost in Storm". The New York Times.
1913-03-08. 7.
^ "British Steamer Lost". The Sydney
Morning Herald. 1913-03-10. p. 9. Retrieved 2013-01-19. 8.
^ "Ship Blows Up" (PDF). The New York Times.
1913-03-08. Retrieved 2012-10-19. 9.
^ "Study for Woolworth Building, New York". World Digital
Library. 1910-12-10. Retrieved 2013-07-25. 10.
^ Radio Lab, Show 202: "Musical Language" Archived September 1, 2010, at
the Wayback Machine.,
New York: WNYC (21 April 2006). Host/Producer: Jad Abumrad, Co-Host: Robert
Krulwich, Producer: Ellen Horne, Production Executives: Dean Capello and
Mikel Ellcessor. 11.
^ Illies. 12.
^ "BBC Radio 4 - Woman's Hour - Women's History
Timeline: 1910 - 1919". Archived from the original on January
6, 2008. Retrieved 2007-11-30. 13.
^ "Statistics of urban localities (1908–2004)".
INE. 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 23, 2015. Retrieved 2012-09-05. 14.
^ Jump up to:a b Penguin
Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. p. 94. ISBN 0-14-102715-0. 15.
^ "Airman Uses Parachute", New York
Times, August 20, 1913. 16.
^ Jump up to:a b Yeates,
Padraig (2009). "The Dublin 1913 Lockout". History Ireland. 9 (2).
Retrieved 2012-10-19. 17.
^ Crowhurst, Richard (2005). "A History of Firsts: Portsmouth Historic
Dockyard". TimeTravel-Britain.com. Retrieved 2010-09-09. External links[edit] Further reading[edit] ·
Charles
Emmerson. 1913: In Search of the World Before the Great War (2013) excerpt and text search ·
Gilbert,
Martin. A History of the Twentieth Century: Volume 1 1900-1933 (1997);
global coverage of politics, diplomacy and warfare; pp 269–96. ·
Florian Illies (2013). 1913: The
Year Before the Storm. Melville House. ISBN 978-1-61219-352-6. |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.jpg)
.jpg)
