· 1297 – François Grimaldi, disguised as a monk, leads his men to capture the fortress protecting the Rock of Monaco, establishing his family as the rulers of Monaco.^[3]

· 1454 – The papal bull Romanus Pontifex awards the Kingdom of Portugal exclusive trade and colonization rights to all of Africa south of Cape Bojador.^[4]

· 1499 – Louis XII of France marries Anne of Brittany in accordance with a law set by his predecessor, Charles VIII.^[5]

· 1547 – The first Lithuanian-language book, the Catechism of Martynas Mažvydas, is published in Königsberg.^[6]

· 1735 – The premiere of George Frideric Handel's Ariodante takes place at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden.^[7]

· 1746 – Second Jacobite rising: Bonnie Prince Charlie occupies Stirling.^[8]

· 1790 – George Washington delivers the first State of the Union address in New York City.^[9]

· 1806 – Cape Colony in southern Africa becomes a British colony as a result of the Battle of Blaauwberg.^[10]

· 1811 – An unsuccessful slave revolt is led by Charles Deslondes in the north American settlements of St. Charles and St. James, Louisiana.^[11]

· 1815 – War of 1812: Battle of New Orleans: Andrew Jackson leads American forces in victory over the British.^[12]

· 1828 – The Democratic Party of the United States is organized.^[13]

· 1835 – US President Andrew Jackson announces a celebratory dinner after having reduced the United States national debt is zero for the only time.^[14]

· 1863 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Springfield.^[15]

· 1867 – The United States Congress passes the bill to allow African American men the right to vote in Washington, D.C.^[16]

· 1877 – Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle against the United States Cavalry at Wolf Mountain, Montana Territory.^[17]

· 1889 – Herman Hollerith is issued US patent #395,791 for the 'Art of Applying Statistics' — his punched card calculator.^[18]

· 1912 – The African National Congress is founded, under the name South African Native National Congress (SANNC).^[19]

· 1918 – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson announces his "Fourteen Points" for the aftermath of World War I.^[20]

· 1920 – The steel strike of 1919 ends in failure for the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel and Tin Workers labor union.^[21]

· 1926 – Crown Prince Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh Thuỵ ascends the throne to become the last monarch of Vietnam.

· 1926 – Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud is crowned King of Hejaz.^[22]

· 1936 – Kashf-e hijab decree is made and immediately enforced by Reza Shah, Iran's head of state, banning the wearing of Islamic veils in public.^[23]

· 1940 – World War II: Britain introduces food rationing.^[24]

· 1945 – World War II: Philippine Commonwealth troops under the Philippine Commonwealth Army units enter the province of Ilocos Sur in Northern Luzon and attack invading Japanese Imperial forces.^[25]

· 1956 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. missionaries are killed by the Huaorani of Ecuador shortly after making first contact.^[26]

· 1959 – Charles de Gaulle is proclaimed as the first President of the French Fifth Republic.^[27]

· 1961 – In France a referendum supports Charles de Gaulle's policies in Algeria.^[28]

· 1963 – Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa is exhibited in the United States for the first time, at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C.

· 1964 – President Lyndon B. Johnson declares a "War on Poverty" in the United States.^[29]

· 1972 – Bowing to international pressure, President of Pakistan Zulfikar Ali Bhutto releases Bengali leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from prison, who had been arrested after declaring the independence of Bangladesh.^[30]

· 1973 – Soviet space mission Luna 21 is launched.^[31]

· 1973 – Watergate scandal: The trial of seven men accused of illegal entry into Democratic Party headquarters at Watergate begins.

· 1975 – Ella T. Grasso becomes Governor of Connecticut, the first woman to serve as a Governor in the United States other than by succeeding her husband.

· 1977 – Three bombs explode in Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union, within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group.

· 1981 – A local farmer reports a UFO sighting in Trans-en-Provence, France, claimed to be "perhaps the most completely and carefully documented sighting of all time".

· 1982 – Breakup of the Bell System: AT&T agrees to divest itself of twenty-two subdivisions.

· 1989 – Kegworth air disaster: British Midland Flight 92, a Boeing 737-400, crashes into the M1 motorway, killing 47 of the 126 people on board.^[32]

· 1994 – Russian cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov on Soyuz TM-18 leaves for Mir. He would stay on the space station until March 22, 1995, for a record 437 days in space.^[33]

· 1996 – An Antonov An-32 cargo aircraft crashes into a crowded market in Kinshasa, Zaire, killing up to 223 people on the ground; two of six crew members are also killed.^[34]

· 2002 – President of the United States George W. Bush signs into law the No Child Left Behind Act.^[35]

· 2003 – Turkish Airlines Flight 634 crashes near Diyarbakır Airport, Turkey, killing the entire crew and 70 of the 75 passengers.

· 2003 – Air Midwest Flight 5481 crashes at Charlotte-Douglas Airport, Charlotte, North Carolina, killing all 21 people on board.

· 2004 – The RMS Queen Mary 2, then the largest ocean liner ever built, is christened by her namesake's granddaughter, Queen Elizabeth II.

· 2005 – The nuclear sub USS San Francisco collides at full speed with an undersea mountain south of Guam. One man is killed, but the sub surfaces and is repaired.

· 2009 – A 6.1-magnitude earthquake in northern Costa Rica kills 15 people and injures 32.

· 2010 – Gunmen from an offshoot of the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda attack a bus carrying the Togo national football team on its way to the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations, killing three people and injuring another nine.^[36]

· 2016 – Joaquín Guzmán, widely regarded as the world's most powerful drug trafficker, is recaptured following his escape from a maximum security prison in Mexico.^[37]

· 2020 – Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 crashes immediately after takeoff at Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport; all 176 on board are killed. The plane was shot down by an Iranian anti-aircraft missile.^[38]

Births[edit]

· 1037 – Su Dongpo, Chinese calligrapher and poet (d. 1101)^[39]

· 1345 – Kadi Burhan al-Din, poet, kadi, and ruler of Sivas (d. 1398)^[40]

· 1529 – John Frederick II, duke of Saxony (d. 1595)^[41]

· 1556 – Uesugi Kagekatsu, Japanese daimyō (d. 1623)^{[citation
needed]}

· 1583 – Simon Episcopius, Dutch theologian and academic (d. 1643)^[42]

· 1587 – Johannes Fabricius, German astronomer and academic (d. 1616)^[43]

· 1587 – Jan Pieterszoon Coen, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (d. 1629)^[44]

· 1589 – Ivan Gundulić, Croatian poet and playwright (d. 1638)^[45]

· 1601 (baptized) – Baltasar Gracián, Spanish priest and author (d. 1658)^[46]

· 1628 – François-Henri de Montmorency, duc de Luxembourg, French general (d. 1695)^[47]

· 1632 – Samuel von Pufendorf, German economist and jurist (d. 1694)^[48]

· 1635 – Luis Manuel Fernández de Portocarrero, Spanish cardinal (d. 1709)^[49]

· 1638 – Elisabetta Sirani, Italian painter (d. 1665)^[50]

· 1735 – John Carroll, American archbishop, founder of Georgetown University (d. 1815)} (January 8, 1735 – December 3, 1815^[51]

· 1763 – Edmond-Charles Genêt, French-American translator and diplomat (d. 1834)^[52]

· 1786 – Nicholas Biddle, American banker and financier (d. 1844)^[53]

· 1788 – Rudolf of Austria, Austrian archduke and archbishop (d. 1831)^[54]

· 1792 – Lowell Mason, American composer and educator (d. 1872)^[55]

· 1805 – John Bigler, American lawyer, politician, and diplomat, 3rd Governor of California (d. 1871)^[56]

· 1805 – Orson Hyde, American religious leader, 3rd President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (d. 1878)^[57]

· 1812 – Sigismond Thalberg, Swiss pianist and composer (d. 1871)^[58]

· 1817 – Theophilus Shepstone, English-South African politician (d. 1893)^[59]

· 1821 – James Longstreet, American general and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Turkey (d. 1904)^[60]

· 1823 – Alfred Russel Wallace, Welsh geographer, biologist, and explorer (d. 1913)^[61]

· 1824 – Wilkie Collins, English novelist, playwright, and short story writer (d. 1889)^[62]

· 1824 – Francisco González Bocanegra, Mexican poet and composer (d. 1861)^[63]

· 1830 – Hans von Bülow, German pianist and composer (d. 1894)^[64]

· 1836 – Lawrence Alma-Tadema, Dutch-English painter and academic (d. 1912)^[65]

· 1843 – Frederick Abberline, English police officer (d. 1929)^[66]

· 1852 – James Milton Carroll, American pastor and author (d. 1931)^[67]

· 1859 – Fanny Bullock Workman, American mountaineer, geographer, and cartographer (d. 1925)^[68]

· 1860 – Emma Booth-Tucker, English author (d. 1903)^[69]

· 1862 – Frank Nelson Doubleday, American publisher, founded the Doubleday Publishing Company (d. 1934)

· 1864 – Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale (d. 1892)^[70]

· 1865 – Winnaretta Singer, American philanthropist (d. 1943)^[71]

· 1866 – William G. Conley, American educator and politician, 18th Governor of West Virginia (d. 1940)^[72]

· 1867 – Emily Greene Balch, American economist and author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1961)

· 1870 – Miguel Primo de Rivera, Spanish general and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (d. 1930)

· 1871 – James Craig, 1st Viscount Craigavon, Irish captain and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (d. 1940)

· 1873 – Iuliu Maniu, Romanian lawyer and politician, 32nd Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1953)

· 1876 – Arturs Alberings, Latvian lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Latvia (d. 1934)

· 1879 – Charles Bryant, English-American actor and director (d. 1948)

· 1881 – Henrik Shipstead, American dentist and politician (d. 1960)^[73]

· 1881 – Linnie Marsh Wolfe, American librarian and author (d. 1945)

· 1883 – Pavel Filonov, Russian painter and poet (d. 1941)

· 1883 – Patrick J. Hurley, American general, politician, and diplomat, 51st United States Secretary of War (d. 1963)

· 1885 – John Curtin, Australian journalist and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1945)^[74]

· 1885 – Mór Kóczán, Hungarian javelin thrower and pastor (d. 1972)^[75]

· 1885 – A. J. Muste, Dutch-American pastor and activist (d. 1967)^[76]

· 1888 – Richard Courant, German-American mathematician and academic (d. 1972)^[77]

· 1891 – Walther Bothe, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1957)^[78]

· 1891 – Storm Jameson, English journalist and author (d. 1986)^[79]

· 1891 – Bronislava Nijinska, Russian dancer and choreographer (d. 1972)^[80]

· 1896 – Jaromír Weinberger, Czech-American composer and academic (d. 1967)^[81]

· 1897 – Dennis Wheatley, English soldier and author (d. 1977)^[82]

· 1899 – S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (d. 1959)

· 1900 – Dorothy Adams, American character actress (d. 1988) ^[83]

· 1902 – Carl Rogers, American psychologist and academic (d. 1987)

· 1904 – Karl Brandt, German physician and SS officer (d. 1948)

· 1905 – Carl Gustav Hempel, German philosopher from the Vienna and the Berlin Circle (d. 1997)

· 1905 – Giacinto Scelsi, Italian composer and poet (d. 1988)

· 1906 – Serge Poliakoff, Russian-French painter (d. 1969)

· 1907 – Keizō Hayashi, Japanese general and civil servant (d. 1991)

· 1908 – Fearless Nadia, Australian-Indian actress and stuntwoman (d. 1996)

· 1908 – William Hartnell, English actor (d. 1975)

· 1909 – Ashapoorna Devi, Indian author and poet (d. 1995)

· 1909 – Willy Millowitsch, German actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1999)

· 1909 – Bruce Mitchell, South African cricketer (d. 1995)^[84]

· 1909 – Evelyn Wood, American author and educator (d. 1995)^[85]

· 1910 – Galina Ulanova, Russian actress and ballerina (d. 1998)^[86]

· 1911 – Gypsy Rose Lee, American actress, dancer, and author (d. 1970)^[87]

· 1912 – José Ferrer, Puerto Rican-American actor and director (d. 1992)^[88]

· 1912 – Lawrence Walsh, Canadian-American lawyer, judge, and politician, 4th United States Deputy Attorney General (d. 2014)

· 1915 – Walker Cooper, American baseball player and manager (d. 1991)^[89]

· 1917 – Peter Matthew Hillsman Taylor, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright (d. 1994)

· 1922 – Dale D. Myers, American engineer (d. 2015)^[90]

· 1923 – Larry Storch, American actor and comedian

· 1923 – Giorgio Tozzi, American opera singer and actor (d. 2011)

· 1923 – Johnny Wardle, English cricketer (d. 1985)

· 1923 – Joseph Weizenbaum, German-American computer scientist and author (d. 2008)^[91]

· 1924 – Benjamin Lees, Chinese-American soldier and composer (d. 2010)^[92]

· 1924 – Ron Moody, English actor and singer (d. 2015)

· 1925 – Mohan Rakesh, Indian author and playwright (d. 1972)

· 1926 – Evelyn Lear, American operatic soprano (d. 2012)

· 1926 – Kerwin Mathews, American actor (d. 2007)^[93]

· 1926 – Kelucharan Mohapatra, Indian dancer and choreographer (d. 2004)^[94]

· 1926 – Hanae Mori, Japanese fashion designer^[95]

· 1926 – Soupy Sales, American comedian and actor (d. 2009)^[96]

· 1927 – Charles Tomlinson, English poet and academic (d. 2015)

· 1928 – Slade Gorton, American colonel, lawyer, and politician, 14th Attorney General of Washington^[97]

· 1928 – Luther Perkins, American country guitarist (d. 1968)

· 1929 – Saeed Jaffrey, Indian-British actor (d. 2015)^[98]

· 1931 – Bill Graham, German-American businessman (d. 1991)

· 1931 – Clarence Benjamin Jones, American lawyer and scholar

· 1933 – Charles Osgood, American soldier and journalist

· 1933 – Jean-Marie Straub, French director and screenwriter

· 1934 – Jacques Anquetil, French cyclist (d. 1987)

· 1934 – Gene Freese, American baseball player and manager (d. 2013)

· 1934 – Roy Kinnear, British actor (d. 1988)^[99]

· 1934 – Alexandra Ripley, American author (d. 2004)

· 1935 – Lewis H. Lapham, American publisher, founded Lapham's Quarterly

· 1935 – Elvis Presley, American singer, guitarist, and actor (d. 1977)

· 1936 – Zdeněk Mácal, Czech-American conductor

· 1936 – Robert May, Baron May of Oxford, Australian-English zoologist, ecologist, and academic (d. 2020)

· 1937 – Shirley Bassey, Welsh singer^[100]

· 1938 – Bob Eubanks, American game show host and producer^[101]

· 1938 – Yevgeny Nesterenko, Russian opera singer and educator

· 1939 – Carolina Herrera, Venezuelan-American fashion designer

· 1939 – Ruth Maleczech, American actress (d. 2013)

· 1939 – Alan Wilson, English mathematician and academic

· 1940 – Mark Bretscher, English biologist and academic

· 1940 – Cristy Lane, American country and gospel singer

· 1941 – Graham Chapman, English actor and screenwriter (d. 1989)^[102]

· 1942 – Stephen Hawking, English physicist and author (d. 2018)^[103]

· 1942 – Junichirō Koizumi, Japanese politician, 56th Prime Minister of Japan

· 1942 – Yvette Mimieux, American actress^[104]

· 1942 – Royce Waltman, American basketball player and coach (d. 2014)

· 1943 – Charles Murray, American political scientist and author

· 1944 – Terry Brooks, American lawyer and author

· 1945 – Nancy Bond, American author and academic

· 1945 – Phil Beal, English footballer, defender^[105]

· 1945 – Kadir Topbaş, Turkish architect and politician, 31st Mayor of Istanbul

· 1946 – Robby Krieger, American guitarist and songwriter^[106]

· 1946 – Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo, Mexican drug lord^[107]

· 1947 – Don Bendell, American rancher and author

· 1947 – David Bowie, English singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (d. 2016)^[108]

· 1947 – David Gates, American journalist and novelist

· 1947 – Antti Kalliomäki, Finnish pole vaulter and politician^[109]

· 1947 – Luke Williams, New Zealand-American wrestler

· 1948 – Gillies MacKinnon, Scottish director and screenwriter^[110]

· 1949 – Lawrence Rowe, Jamaican cricketer^[111]

· 1951 – Kenny Anthony, Saint Lucian politician, 5th Prime Minister of Saint Lucia^[112]

· 1952 – Vladimir Feltsman, Russian-American pianist and educator^[113]

· 1952 – Peter McCullagh, Irish mathematician and academic^[114]

· 1954 – Spiros Livathinos, Greek footballer and coach

· 1955 – Mike Reno, Canadian singer and drummer^[115]

· 1957 – Nacho Duato, Spanish dancer and choreographer^[116]

· 1958 – Betsy DeVos, American businesswoman and politician, 11th Secretary of Education

· 1958 – Rey Misterio, Mexican wrestler, trainer, and actor^[117]

· 1959 – Paul Hester, Australian drummer (d. 2005)^[118]

· 1960 – Dave Weckl, American drummer^[119]

· 1961 – Calvin Smith, American sprinter^[120]

· 1966 – Willie Anderson, American basketball player

· 1966 – Igor Vyazmikin, Russian ice hockey player (d. 2009)

· 1966 – Andrew Wood, American singer-songwriter (d. 1990)^[121]

· 1967 – R. Kelly, American singer-songwriter, record producer, and former professional basketball player^[122]

· 1967 – Tom Watson, English politician

· 1971 – Jason Giambi, American baseball player

· 1971 – Jesper Jansson, Swedish footballer

· 1971 – Pascal Zuberbühler, Swiss footballer and coach

· 1972 – Paul Clement, English footballer, coach, and manager^[123]

· 1973 – Mike Cameron, American baseball player^[124]

· 1975 – Harris Jayaraj, Indian composer and producer

· 1976 – Kenneth Andam, Ghanaian sprinter and businessman

· 1976 – Carl Pavano, American baseball player

· 1977 – Amber Benson, American actress, writer, director, and producer^[125]

· 1977 – Francesco Coco, Italian footballer

· 1979 – Seol Ki-hyeon, South Korean footballer and manager

· 1979 – Adrian Mutu, Romanian footballer^[126]

· 1979 – Stipe Pletikosa, Croatian footballer^[127]

· 1979 – Sarah Polley, Canadian actress, director, and screenwriter

· 1980 – Rachel Nichols, American actress and producer^{[citation
needed]}

· 1981 – Jeff Francis, Canadian baseball player^[128]

· 1981 – Trent Waterhouse, Australian rugby league player

· 1982 – Gaby Hoffmann, American actress

· 1984 – Kim Jong-un, North Korean soldier and politician, 3rd Supreme Leader of North Korea (probable)^[129]

· 1986 – David Silva, Spanish footballer^{[citation
needed]}

· 1988 – Adrián López, Spanish footballer^[130]

· 1988 – Michael Mancienne, English footballer^[131]

· 1989 – Aaron Cruden, New Zealand rugby player^[132]

· 1991 – Josh Hazlewood, Australian cricketer^[133]

· 1991 – Stefan Johansen, Norwegian footballer^[134]

· 1991 – Stefan Savić, Montenegrin footballer^[135]

· 1992 – Stefanie Dolson, American basketball player^[136]

· 1992 – Koke, Spanish footballer^{[citation
needed]}

Deaths[edit]

· 307 – Hui of Jin, Chinese emperor (b. 259)^[137]

· 482 – Severinus of Noricum, Italian apostle and saint^[138]

· 871 – Bagsecg, Viking warrior and leader^[139]

· 926 – Athelm, archbishop of Canterbury^[140]

· 1079 – Adèle of France, countess of Flanders (b. 1009)^[141]

· 1107 – Edgar, King of Scotland (b. 1074)^[142]

· 1198 – Celestine III, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1106)^[143]

· 1332 – Andronikos III, emperor of Trebizond^{[citation
needed]}

· 1337 – Giotto, Italian painter and architect, designed Scrovegni Chapel and Giotto's Campanile (b. 1266)^[144]

· 1354 – Charles de La Cerda, French nobleman (b. 1327)

· 1424 – Stephen Zaccaria, archbishop of Patras

· 1456 – Lawrence Giustiniani, Italian bishop and saint (b. 1381)

· 1464 – Thomas Ebendorfer, Austrian historian and academic (b. 1385)

· 1538 – Beatrice of Portugal, duchess of Savoy (b. 1504)

· 1557 – Albert Alcibiades, margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (b. 1522)

· 1570 – Philibert de l'Orme, French sculptor and architect, designed the Château d'Anet (b. 1510)

· 1598 – John George, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1525)

· 1642 – Galileo Galilei, Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher (b. 1564)

· 1664 – Moses Amyraut, French physician and theologian (b. 1596)

· 1707 – John Dalrymple, 1st Earl of Stair, Scottish soldier and politician, Scottish Secretary of State (b. 1648)

· 1713 – Arcangelo Corelli, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1653)^[145]

· 1775 – John Baskerville, English printer and type designer (b. 1706)

· 1789 – Jack Broughton, English boxer (b. 1703)

· 1794 – Justus Möser, German lawyer and jurist (b. 1720)

· 1815 – Edward Pakenham, Anglo-Irish general and politician (b. 1778)

· 1825 – Eli Whitney, American engineer and theorist, invented the cotton gin (b. 1765)

· 1853 – Mihály Bertalanits, Slovene-Hungarian poet and educator (b. 1788)

· 1854 – William Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford, English field marshal and politician, Lieutenant-General of the Ordnance (b. 1768)

· 1865 – Aimé, duc de Clermont-Tonnerre, French general and politician, French Minister of Defence (b. 1779)

· 1874 – Charles Étienne Brasseur de Bourbourg, French historian and archaeologist (b. 1814)

· 1878 – Nikolay Nekrasov, Russian poet and critic (b. 1821)

· 1878 – Gauchito Gil, Argentinian saint (b. 1847)

· 1880 – Emperor Norton, English-American businessman (b. 1811)

· 1883 – Miska Magyarics, Slovene-Hungarian poet (b. 1825)

· 1896 – William Rainey Marshall, American banker and politician, 5th Governor of Minnesota (b. 1825)

· 1896 – Paul Verlaine, French poet and writer (b. 1844)

· 1901 – John Barry, Irish soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1873)

· 1912 – Friedrich Schrempf, German journalist and politician (b. 1858)

· 1914 – Simon Bolivar Buckner, American general and 30th Governor of Kentucky (b. 1823)

· 1916 – Rembrandt Bugatti, Italian sculptor (b. 1884)

· 1916 – Ada Rehan, Irish-American actress (b. 1860)

· 1918 – Johannes Pääsuke, Estonian photographer and director (b. 1892)

· 1918 – Ellis H. Roberts, American journalist and politician, 20th Treasurer of the United States (b. 1827)

· 1920 – Josef Josephi, Polish-born singer and actor (b.1852)^[146]

· 1925 – George Bellows, American painter (b.1882)

· 1934 – Andrei Bely, Russian novelist, poet, and critic (b. 1880)

· 1934 – Alexandre Stavisky, Ukrainian-French financier (b. 1886)

· 1935 – Rauf Yekta, Turkish musicologist and author (b. 1871)

· 1938 – Johnny Gruelle, American author and illustrator (b. 1880)

· 1941 – Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell, English general (b. 1857)

· 1942 – Joseph Franklin Rutherford, American lawyer and religious leader (b. 1869)

· 1943 – Richard Hillary, Australian pilot and author (b. 1919)

· 1943 – Andres Larka, Estonian general and politician, 1st Estonian Minister of War (b. 1879)

· 1944 – William Kissam Vanderbilt II, American lieutenant and sailor (b. 1878)

· 1945 – Karl Ernst Krafft, Swiss astrologer and author (b. 1900)

· 1948 – Kurt Schwitters, German painter and graphic designer (b. 1887)

· 1950 – Joseph Schumpeter, Czech-American economist and academic (b. 1883)

· 1952 – Antonia Maury, American astronomer and astrophysicist (b. 1866)

· 1953 – Hugh Binney, English admiral and politician, 16th Governor of Tasmania (b. 1883)

· 1954 – Eduard Wiiralt, Estonian-French painter and illustrator (b. 1898)

· 1956 – Jim Elliot, American missionary and martyr (b. 1928)

· 1958 – Mary Colter, American architect, designed the Desert View Watchtower (b. 1869)

· 1961 – Schoolboy Rowe, American baseball player and coach (b. 1910)

· 1963 – Kay Sage, American painter (b. 1898)

· 1969 – Albert Hill, English runner and coach (b. 1889)

· 1969 – Elmar Kaljot, Estonian footballer and coach (b. 1901)

· 1970 – Georges Guibourg, French actor, singer, and playwright (b. 1891)

· 1972 – Kenneth Patchen, American poet and author (b. 1911)

· 1975 – Richard Tucker, American tenor (b. 1913)

· 1976 – Zhou Enlai, Chinese soldier and politician, 1st Premier of the People's Republic of China (b. 1898)

· 1979 – Sara Carter, American singer-songwriter and harp player (b. 1898)

· 1980 – John Mauchly, American physicist and academic (b. 1907)

· 1981 – Matthew Beard, American actor (b. 1925)

· 1982 – Grégoire Aslan, Swiss-English actor and screenwriter (b. 1908)

· 1983 – Gerhard Barkhorn, German general and pilot (b. 1919)

· 1984 – Eerik Kumari, Estonian ornithologist and academic (b. 1912)

· 1986 – Pierre Fournier, French cellist and educator (b. 1906)

· 1990 – Bernard Krigstein, American illustrator (b. 1919)

· 1990 – Terry-Thomas, English actor and comedian (b. 1911)

· 1991 – Steve Clark, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1960)

· 1994 – Pat Buttram, American actor and comedian (b. 1915)

· 1994 – Harvey Haddix, American baseball player and coach (b. 1925)

· 1996 – Metin Göktepe, Turkish photographer and journalist (b. 1968)

· 1996 – François Mitterrand, French sergeant and politician, 21st President of France (b. 1916)^[147]

· 1996 – Howard Taubman, American author and critic (b. 1907)

· 1997 – Melvin Calvin, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)^[148]

· 1998 – Michael Tippett, English composer and conductor (b. 1905)^[149]

· 2002 – Alexander Prokhorov, Australian-Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1916)

· 2002 – Dave Thomas, American businessman and philanthropist, founded Wendy's (b. 1932)

· 2003 – Ron Goodwin, English composer and conductor (b. 1925)^[150]

· 2006 – Tony Banks, Baron Stratford, Northern Irish broadcaster and politician, Minister for Sport and the Olympics (b. 1943)

· 2007 – Jane Bolin, American lawyer and judge (b. 1908)

· 2007 – Arthur Cockfield, Baron Cockfield, English lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills (b. 1916)

· 2007 – Yvonne De Carlo, Canadian-American actress and singer (b. 1922)^[151]

· 2007 – David Ervine, Northern Irish politician and activist (b. 1953)^[152]

· 2007 – Iwao Takamoto, American animator, director, and producer (b. 1925)

· 2008 – George Moore, Australian jockey and trainer (b. 1923)

· 2009 – Lasantha Wickrematunge, Sri Lankan journalist (b. 1958)^[153]

· 2010 – Art Clokey, American animator, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921)

· 2011 – Jiří Dienstbier, Czech journalist and politician (b. 1937)

· 2011 – Thorbjørn Svenssen, Norwegian footballer (b. 1924)

· 2012 – Dave Alexander, American singer and pianist (b. 1938)

· 2012 – T. J. Hamblin, English haematologist and academic (b. 1943)

· 2012 – Bernhard Schrader, German chemist and academic (b. 1931)

· 2012 – Alexis Weissenberg, Bulgarian-French pianist and educator (b. 1929)

· 2013 – Kenojuak Ashevak, Canadian sculptor and illustrator (b. 1927)

· 2013 – Jeanne Manford, American educator and activist, co-founded PFLAG (b. 1920)

· 2013 – Alasdair Milne, Indian-English director and producer (b. 1930)^[154]

· 2014 – Irma Heijting-Schuhmacher, Dutch-Australian swimmer (b. 1925)^[155]

· 2014 – Antonino P. Roman, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1939)^[156]

· 2015 – Andraé Crouch, American singer-songwriter, producer, and pastor (b. 1942)^[157]

· 2015 – Kep Enderby, Australian lawyer, judge, and politician, 23rd Attorney-General for Australia (b. 1926)^[158]

· 2015 – Patsy Garrett, American actress and singer (b. 1921)^[159]

· 2016 – Maria Teresa de Filippis, Italian racing driver (b. 1926)^[160]

· 2016 – German Moreno, Filipino television host, actor, comedian and talent manager (b. 1933)

· 2017 – Nicolai Gedda, Swedish operatic tenor (b. 1925)^[161]

· 2017 – James Mancham, Seychellois politician, President 1976-77 (b. 1939)^[162]

· 2017 – Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Iranian politician (b. 1934)^[163]

· 2017 – Peter Sarstedt, Indian-British singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1941)^[164]

· 2020 – Pat Dalton, Australian rules footballer (b. 1942)^[165]

· 2020 – Buck Henry, American actor, screenwriter, and director (b. 1930)^[166]

Holidays and observances[edit]

· Babinden (Belarus, Russia)

· Christian feast day:

o Abo of Tiflis

o Apollinaris Claudius

o Blessed Eurosia Fabris

o Gauchito Gil (Folk Catholicism)

o Gudula

o Harriet Bedell (Episcopal Church (USA))

o Lawrence Giustiniani

o Lucian of Beauvais

o Maximus of Pavia

o Our Lady of Prompt Succor (Roman Catholic Church)

o Pega (Anglican and Roman Catholic churches)

o Severinus of Noricum

o Thorfinn of Hamar

o January 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

· Commonwealth Day (Northern Mariana Islands)

· Earliest day on which Children's Day can fall, while January 14 is the latest; celebrated on the second Saturday in January. (Thailand)

· Earliest day on which Lee–Jackson Day can fall, while January 14 is the latest; celebrated on Friday before Martin Luther King Jr. Day. (Virginia)

· Typing Day (International observance)

Contents

Events[edit]

Births[edit]

Deaths[edit]

Holidays and observances[edit]