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For other
uses, see 1802
(disambiguation).
August 2: Napoleon is confirmed as the First Consul of France. 1802 (MDCCCII) was
a common year starting
on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and
a common
year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1802nd year of
the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini(AD) designations, the 802nd
year of the 2nd millennium,
the 2nd year of the 19th century,
and the 3rd year of the 1800s decade. As of the start of 1802,
the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which
remained in localized use until 1923. Contents · 1Events · 2Births · 3Deaths Events[edit] January–March[edit] ·
January 5 – Thomas
Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, British ambassador to the Ottoman
Empire, begins removal of the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon in Athens, where they are at risk of
destruction during the Ottoman occupation of Greece; the first
shipment departs Piraeus on board
Elgin's ship, the Mentor, "with many boxes of moulds and
sculptures", including three marble torsos from the Parthenon.[1] ·
January 15 – Canonsburg Academy
(modern-day Washington
& Jefferson College) is chartered by the Pennsylvania
General Assembly.[2] ·
January 29 – A French expeditionary
force (40,000 troops) led by General Charles Leclerc (Bonaparte's
brother-in-law) lands in Saint-Domingue, (modern Haiti) to restore colonial rule, where Toussaint Louverture (a
black former slave) has proclaimed
himself Governor-General for
Life, and established control over Hispaniola. ·
February 3 – French Army General Charles Leclerc and the first 5,000 of
20,000 troops arrive at Cap-Francois (now Cap-Haïtien), to suppress Toussaint
L'Ouverture and the rebellion of the black population
in Haiti.[3] ·
February 17 – The remains of Pope Pius VI are returned to the
Vatican by France; the Pope had died in captivity
at Valence, on
August 29, 1799.[4] ·
February – The Rosetta Stone is brought to England by Colonel Tomkyns Hilgrove
Turner, who arrives at Portsmouthon the captured French
frigate L'Egyptiane.[5] ·
March 3 – Ludwig van Beethoven publishes
his Piano
Sonata No. 14, commonly known as the "Moonlight
Sonata" (Mondschein), in Vienna; the availability of the sheet
music is announced by Giovanni Cappi in the newspaper Wiener Zeitung.[6] ·
March 11 – The Rosetta Stone is
presented to the Society
of Antiquaries of London, which in turn presents it to the British Museum.[5] ·
March 16 – The United
States Army Corps of Engineers is re-established, and
the United
States Military Academy at West Point, New York is
established under its management, opening on July 4. ·
March 25–27 – Napoleonic Wars: The Treaty of Amiens between France and the
United Kingdom ends the War of the
Second Coalition. ·
March 28 – H. W.
Olbers discovers the asteroid Pallas. April–June[edit] ·
April 10 – The Great
Trigonometrical Survey of India begins, with the measurement
of a baseline near Madras. ·
April 26 – A general amnesty signed
by Napoleon allows all but about 1,000 of
the most notorious émigrés of the French Revolution to
return to France, as part of a conciliatory gesture to make peace with the
various factions of the Ancien Régime, that ultimately
consolidates his own rule. ·
May 19 – Napoleon Bonaparte establishes the
French Légion d'honneur (Legion of Honour). ·
May 20 – By the Law of 20 May 1802, Napoleon reinstates slavery in
the French colonies,
revoking its abolition in the French Revolution. ·
May –
Madame Marie Tussaud first
exhibits her wax sculptures in
London, having been commissioned, during the Reign of Terror in France, to make
death masks of the victims.[7] ·
June 1 – ·
The United
States Patent and Trademark Office is established within
the Department of State. ·
At Huế, shortly before his conquest of
Tonkin, Nguyen Anh is crowned as the Emperor Gia Long, the first ruler of the Nguyễn dynasty in Vietnam.[8] ·
June 2 – Indigenous Australian Pemulwuy, a leader of the resistance to
European settlement of Australia, is shot dead by Henry Hacking. ·
June 8 – Haitian revolutionary Toussaint Louverture is
seized by French troops, and imprisoned at the Fort de Joux. ·
June – Humphry Davy publishes the first
account of the experiments by Thomas
Wedgwood in photography, in the Journal of the
Royal Institution, in an article titled "An Account of a method of
copying Painting upon Glass and making profiles, by the agency of Light upon
Nitrate of Silver. Invented by T. Wedgwood, Esq. with Observations by H. Davy.[9]Since a fixative for the image has not yet been developed, the
early photographs quickly fade. July–September[edit] ·
July 5 – Parliamentary
elections begin in the United Kingdom, with voting continuing
until August 28; the Tories,
led by Henry Addington,
win control of the House of Commons. ·
July 19 – Éleuthère Irénée
du Pont founds E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, the
modern DuPont chemical company, as a gunpowder manufactory near Wilmington, Delaware.[10] ·
July 22 – Gia Long captures Hanoi, completing his unification of Vietnam. ·
August 2 – In a plebiscite, Napoleon Bonaparte is confirmed as
the First Consul of
France. ·
September 3 – William Wordsworth composes
the poem Westminster Bridge in London. ·
September 11 – The Italian region
of Piedmont becomes a part of the French First
Republic. October–December[edit] ·
October 2 – War ends between Sweden and Tripoli.
The United States also negotiates peace, but war continues over the size of
compensation. ·
October 15 – French Army General Michel Ney enters Switzerland with 40,000 troops, on
orders of Napoleon Bonaparte.[11] ·
October 16 – The port of New Orleans and the lower Mississippi River are
closed to American traffic by order of the city's Spanish administrator, Juan
Ventura Morales, threatening the economy in the western United States, and
prompting the need for the Louisiana Purchase.[12] ·
November 16 – The newly elected British
House of Lords is inaugurated by King George III, who tells the members,
"In my intercourse with foreign powers, I have been actuated by a
sincere disposition of the maintenance of peace," but adds that "My
conduct will be invariably regulated by a due consideration of the actual
situation of Europe, and by a watchful solicitude for the permanent welfare
of my people." [13] ·
December 2 – The Health
and Morals of Apprentices Act in the United Kingdom comes
into effect, regulating conditions for child labour in factories. Although
poorly enforced, it pioneers a series of Factory Acts. Births[edit] January–June[edit]
·
January 3 – Charles Pelham
Villiers, British politician (d. 1898) ·
January 10 – Carl Ritter von
Ghega, Albanian-born Venetian road engineer (d. 1860) ·
January 22 – Richard Upjohn, English-American architect
(d. 1878) ·
February 6 – Charles Wheatstone,
English physicist, inventor (d. 1875) ·
February 11 – Lydia Maria Child,
American abolitionist author (d. 1880) ·
February 16 – Phineas Quimby, American physician (d. 1866) ·
February 19 – Wilhelm Matthias
Naeff, Swiss Federal Councillor (d. 1881) ·
February 26 – Victor Hugo, French author (d. 1885) ·
March 7 – Edwin Henry Landseer,
British painter (d. 1873) ·
March 25 – Maria Silfvan, Finnish actor (d. 1865) ·
March 27 – Charles-Mathias
Simons, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (d. 1874) ·
April 4 – Dorothea Dix, American activist (d. 1887) ·
April 9 – Elias Lönnrot, Finnish folklorist,
philologist who created the Finnish national epic, the Kalevala (d. 1884) ·
May 2 – Heinrich Gustav
Magnus, German chemist, physicist (d. 1870) ·
May 26 – Karl Ferdinand Ranke,
German educator (d. 1876) ·
June 12 – Harriet Martineau,
British social theorist, writer (d. 1876) July–December[edit]
·
July 5 (June 23 O.S.)
– Pavel Nakhimov,
Russian admiral (d. 1855) ·
July 24 – Alexandre Dumas, French author (d. 1870) ·
July 26 – Mariano Arista, President of Mexico (d. 1855) ·
August 4 – Joseph Bonnell, hero of the Texas Revolution
(d. 1840) ·
August 5 – Niels Henrik Abel,
Norwegian mathematician (d. 1829) ·
September 19 – Lajos Kossuth, Hungarian politician
(d. 1894) ·
September 30 – Antoine Jérôme
Balard, French chemist (d. 1876) ·
October 31 – Benoît Fourneyron,
French engineer (d. 1867) ·
November 9 – Elijah P. Lovejoy,
American abolitionist (d. 1837) ·
November 19 – Solomon Foot, American politician (d. 1866) ·
December 15 – János Bolyai, Hungarian mathematician
(d. 1860) ·
December 23 – Sara Coleridge, British scholar (d. 1852) Date unknown[edit] ·
Friedrich Hohe, German lithographer, painter
(d. 1870) ·
Emma Fürstenhoff,
Swedish florist (d. 1871) Deaths[edit] January–June[edit]
·
February 2 – Welbore
Ellis, 1st Baron Mendip, British statesman (b. 1713) ·
February 3 – Pedro
Rodríguez, Count of Campomanes, Spanish statesman, writer
(b. 1723) ·
February 26 – Esek Hopkins, American Revolutionary War
admiral (b. 1718) ·
April 13 – Charles
Moss, British bishop (b. 1711) ·
April 18 – Erasmus Darwin, English physician and
botanist (b. 1731) ·
May 9 – Erik
Magnus Staël von Holstein, Swedish ambassador (b. 1749) ·
May 22 – Martha Washington,
first First
Lady of the United States (b. 1731) July–December[edit] ·
July 22 – Marie
François Xavier Bichat, French anatomist, physiologist (b. 1771) ·
August 10 – Franz Aepinus, German philosopher (b. 1724) ·
August 12 – Louis Lebègue
Duportail French military leader in the Continental Army during the American
Revolutionary War (b. 1743) ·
September 19 – Princess
Luisa of Naples and Sicily (b. 1773) ·
September 26 – Jurij Vega, Slovenian mathematician,
physicist, and soldier (b. 1754) ·
October 5 – Suzanne Bélair,
Haitian national heroine (b. 1781) ·
October 8 – Emmanuele Vitale, Maltese military leader (b.1758) ·
October 31 – Sir
William Parker, 1st Baronet, of Harburn, British admiral (b. 1743) ·
November 9 – Thomas Girtin, English artist (b. 1775) ·
November 15 – George Romney,
English artist (b. 1734) ·
November 16 – André Michaux, French botanist (b. 1746) ·
December 5 – Lemuel Francis
Abbott, English portrait painter (b. 1716) ·
December 31 – Francis Lewis, signer of the United States
Declaration of Independence (b. 1713) References[edit] 1.
^ Christopher Hitchens, The Parthenon Marbles: The
Case for Reunification (Verso Books, 2016) 2.
^ Coleman, Helen Turnbull Waite (1956). Banners in the Wilderness: The Early Years of
Washington and Jefferson College. University
of Pittsburgh Press. p. 206. OCLC 2191890. 3.
^ Carolyn E. Fick, The Making of Haiti: The Saint
Domingue Revolution from Below (University of Tennessee Press, 1990)
p210–211 4.
^ "Rome", in Biography of the Principal
Sovereigns of Europe who Have Reigned Since the French Revolution (Ogle,
Duncan, and Co., 1822) p99 5.
^ Jump up to:a b Ivan
Lindsay, The History of Loot and Stolen Art: from Antiquity until the
Present Day (Andrews UK Ltd., 2014) 6.
^ Timothy Jones, Beethoven: The 'Moonlight' and
Other Sonatas, Op. 27 and Op. 31 (Cambridge University Press, 1999)
p20, p129 7.
^ Pamela Pilbeam, Madame Tussaud: And the History
of Waxworks(A&C Black, 2006) p65 8.
^ "Nguyen Anh (Emperor Gia Long)", by Nguyen The
Anh, in Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to
East Timor, ed. by Keat Gin Ooi (ABC-CLIO, 2004) p870 9.
^ Robert Hirsch, Seizing the Light: A Social &
Aesthetic History of Photography (Taylor & Francis, 2017) 10.
^ "E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company", by
Richard Junger, in The Advertising Age Encyclopedia of Advertising (Routledge,
2015) p500 11.
^ Andrew Roberts, Napoleon: A Life (Penguin,
2014) 12.
^ "Mississippi River", by Gene A. Smith,
in The Louisiana Purchase: A Historical and Geographical Encyclopedia,
Junius P. Rodriguez, ed. (ABC-CLIO, 2002) p226 13.
^ William Belsham, History of Great Britain: From
the Revolution, 1688, to the Conclusion of the Treaty of Amiens, 1802,
Volume 12 (Phillips, 1805) p485 |
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