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January 5: steamboat Charlotte Dundas is demonstrated. 1803 (MDCCCIII) was
a common year starting
on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and
a common
year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 1803rd year of
the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the
803rd year of the 2nd millennium,
the 3rd year of the 19th century,
and the 4th year of the 1800s decade. As of the start of 1803,
the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which
remained in localized use until 1923. Contents · 1Events · 2Births · 3Deaths Events[edit] ·
January 1 – The first edition of Alexandre Balthazar Laurent Grimod de La Reynière's Almanach
des gourmands, the first guide to restaurant cooking, is published in
Paris. ·
January 5 – William Symington demonstrates
his Charlotte Dundas,
the "first practical steamboat", in Scotland. ·
January 30 – Monroe and Livingston sail for Paris to
discuss, and possibly buy, New Orleans; they end up completing
the Louisiana Purchase.[1] ·
February 19 – An Act of Mediation, issued by Napoleon Bonaparte,
establishes the Swiss
Confederation to replace the Helvetic Republic.
Under the terms of the act, Graubünden, St. Gallen, Thurgau, the Ticino and Vaud become
Swiss cantons. ·
February 20 – Kandyan Wars: Kandy, Ceylon is taken by a British
detachment. ·
February 21 – Edward Despard and six others are
hanged and beheaded for plotting to assassinate King George
III of the United Kingdom, and to destroy the Bank of England. ·
February 24 – Marbury v. Madison:
The Supreme
Court of the United States establishes the principle of judicial review. ·
February 25 – A major redistribution of
territorial sovereignty within the Holy Roman Empire is
enacted, via an act known as the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss. ·
March 1 – Ohio is
admitted as the 17th U.S. state,
retroactive from August 7, 1953. ·
March 9 – Aargau becomes a Swiss canton. April–June[edit] ·
March–April
– The franc germinal is
introduced in France. ·
April 26 – The L'Aigle meteorite falls
in Normandy, causing a shift in scientific opinion on the origin of
meteorites. ·
April 30 – The Louisiana Purchase is
made from France by the United States. ·
May – First Consul of France, Citizen Bonaparte,
begins making preparations to invade England. ·
May 18 – Napoleonic Wars: The United Kingdom resumes
war on France, after France refuses to withdraw from Dutch territory. ·
May 19 – Master Malati, a Coptic
Christian leader, is beheaded by a Muslim mob in Cairo, Egypt. ·
June 7 – Indiana Territory governor
(and future U.S. President) William Henry
Harrison signs treaties at Fort Wayne,
with representatives of the Delaware, Shawnee, Potawatomi, Miami, Kickapoo, Eel River, Wea, Piankeshaw and Kaskaskia Indian tribes. The U.S.
Senate ratifies the treaties on November 25.[2] ·
June 14 – Napoleon Bonaparte orders
the establishment of five military camps to defend the coast of France,
located at Bayonne, Ghent, Saint-Omer, Compiègne, Saint-Malo, and one in the occupied
Netherlands, at Utrecht. Each one has
20,000 infantry and 2,000 cavalry to defend it.[3] July–September[edit] ·
July 4 – The Louisiana Purchase is
announced to the American people. ·
July 5 – The convention of
Artlenburg leads to the French occupation of Hanover (which had been ruled by the
British king). ·
July 23 – Robert Emmet's uprising in Ireland begins. ·
July 26 – The wagonway between Wandsworth and Croydon is opened, being the first
public railway line in England. ·
August 3 – The British begin the Second
Anglo-Maratha War, against the Scindia of Gwalior. ·
September 6 – John Dalton, British scientist, begins using
symbols to represent the atoms of different elements. ·
September 11 – Second
Anglo-Maratha War &ndash: Battle of Delhi:
British troops under General
Lake defeat the Marathas of Scindia's army, under General Louis
Bourquin. ·
September 20 – Irish rebel Robert Emmet is executed. ·
September 23 – Battle of Assaye, India: British-led troops
defeat Maratha forces. October–December[edit] ·
October 14 – Orissa, an area of India along the Bay of Bengal that now comprises the
Indian state of Odisha, is occupied by
the British under the British East
India Company, after the Second Anglo-Maratha War.[4] The Maratha Empire formally cedes the area
in the Treaty of Deogaon, signed on December 17.[5] ·
October 20 – The Senate ratifies
the Louisiana Purchase Treaty,
doubling the size of the United States. ·
November 18 – Battle of Vertières:
The Haitian army, led by Jean-Jacques
Dessalines, defeats the army of Napoleon. ·
November 30 – ·
The Balmis Expedition starts
in Spain, with the aim of vaccinating millions
against smallpox in Spanish America and the Philippines. ·
At the Cabildo in New Orleans, Spanish representatives
Governor Manuel de Salcedo and the Marqués de Casa Calvo officially
transfer Louisiana (New
Spain) to French representative Prefect Pierre Clément
de Laussat.[6] Barely
three weeks later, France transfers the same land to the United States. ·
December 9 – The proposed Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution,
requiring that electoral ballots distinctly list the choice for President and
the choice for Vice President, is approved by Congress for submission to the
states for ratification; passed in the wake of the problems in the 1800
presidential election, the amendment is ratified by 13 of the 17
states and is proclaimed in effect on September 25, 1804.[7] ·
December 20 – The Louisiana Purchase is
completed as the French prefect, de Laussat, formally transfers ownership of
land between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains to the United
States, by way of commissioners William C. C.
Claiborne and James Wilkinson.[8] Claiborne
is appointed as the area's first American governor.[9] Undated[edit] ·
Major
breakthroughs in chemistry occur,
with the identification of the elements rhodium and palladium (by William Hyde
Wollaston); osmium and iridium (by Smithson Tennant); and cerium (by Wilhelm Hisinger, Jons Jakob Berzelius and Martin Heinrich
Klaproth) [10] Births[edit] January–June[edit] ·
February 2 – Albert Sidney
Johnston, American Confederate general (d. 1862) ·
John Sutter, German-American pioneer
(d. 1880) ·
Karl Friedrich
Schimper, German botanist, naturalist and poet (d. 1867) ·
February 26 – Arnold Adolph
Berthold, German physiologist, zoologist (d. 1861) ·
March 12 – Guillaume de Felice,
Savoy nobleman, abolitionist (d. 1871) ·
March 16 – Nikolay Yazykov, Russian poet, Slavophile
(d. 1846) ·
April 7 – Flora Tristan, French feminist (d. 1844) ·
April 30 ·
Jeremiah E. Cary, American politician
(d. 1888) ·
Albrecht von Roon, Prime Minister
of Prussia (d. 1879) ·
May 12 – Justus von Liebig,
German chemist (d. 1873) ·
May 24 – Charles Lucien
Bonaparte, French naturalist, ornithologist (d. 1857) ·
May 25 ·
Edward Bulwer-Lytton,
English novelist, playwright and politician (d. 1873) ·
Ralph Waldo Emerson,
American writer (d. 1882) ·
June 8 – Amalia Assur, Swedish dentist (d. 1889) ·
June 24 – George James Webb,
English-born composer (d. 1887) July–December[edit] ·
July 10 – William Todd
(1803–1873), American businessman, Canadian senate nominee ·
July 20 – John Hymers, English mathematician (d. 1887) ·
July 24 – Adolphe Adam, French composer (d. 1856) ·
July 31 – John Ericsson, Swedish inventor, engineer
(d. 1889) ·
August 3 – Sir Joseph Paxton, English gardener, architect
and Member of Parliament (d. 1865) ·
August 13 – Vladimir Odoyevsky,
Russian philosopher, writer, music critic (d. 1869) ·
August 18 – Nathan Clifford, American politician, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United
States (d. 1881) ·
Jan Erazim Vocel, Czech poet, archaeologist,
historian and cultural revivalist (d. 1871) ·
Gustaf Wappers, Belgian painter (d. 1874) ·
August 27 – Edward Beecher, American theologian
(d. 1895) ·
September 4 – Sarah Childress Polk, First
Lady of the United States (d. 1891) ·
Anna Nielsen,
Danish mezzo-soprano (d. 1856) ·
September 11 – Francisca
Zubiaga y Bernales, first lady of Peru, controversial socialite
(d. 1835) ·
September 27 – Samuel Francis Du
Pont, American admiral (d. 1865) ·
September 28 – Prosper Mérimée,
French writer (d. 1870) ·
September 29 – Mercator Cooper, American sea captain
(d. 1872) ·
October 5 – Friedrich
Bernhard Westphal, Danish-German painter (d. 1844) ·
October 16 – Robert Stephenson,
English civil engineer (d. 1859) ·
November 14 – Jacob Abbott, American writer (d. 1879) ·
Christian Doppler,
Austrian mathematician (d. 1853) ·
Gottfried Semper, German architect (d. 1879) ·
December 5 – Fyodor Tyutchev, great Russian Romantic poet
(d. 1873) ·
December 6 – Susanna Moodie, English writer (d. 1885) ·
December 11 – Hector Berlioz, French composer (d. 1869) date unknown[edit] ·
Francesca Anna
Canfield, American linguist, poet, and translator (d. 1833)[11] ·
Charles Lafontaine,
Swiss mesmerist (d. 1892) Deaths[edit] January–June[edit] ·
January 1 – James Woodforde, English clergyman, diarist (b. 1740) ·
January 18 – Ippolit Bogdanovich,
Russian poet (b. 1743) ·
January 23 – Arthur Guinness, Irish brewer (b. 1725) ·
February 1 – Anders Chydenius, Finnish priest, politician
(b. 1729) ·
February 3 – María
Isidra de Guzmán y de la Cerda, Spanish scholar (b. 1768) ·
February 9 – Jean
François de Saint-Lambert, French poet (b. 1716) ·
February 18 – Johann
Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim, German poet (b. 1719) ·
February 20 – Marie Dumesnil, French actress (b. 1713) ·
February 22 – Jacques-Donatien
Le Ray de Chaumont, French Father of the American
Revolution (b. 1726) ·
February 23 – Praskovia
Kovalyova-Zhemchugova, Russian serf actress, opera soprano (b. 1768) ·
February 21 – Edward Despard, British revolutionary
(b. 1751) ·
March 14 – Friedrich
Gottlieb Klopstock, German poet (b. 1724) ·
March 28 – Peter Du Cane, Sr.,
British businessman (b. 1713) ·
April 2 – Sir
James Montgomery, 1st Baronet, Scottish politician, judge
(b. 1721) ·
April 7 – Toussaint
L'Ouverture, Haitian revolutionary (b. 1743) ·
April 14 – Christoph Anton
Migazzi, Austrian Catholic bishop (b. 1714) ·
June 24 – Matthew Thornton, American signer of the
Declaration of Independence (b. 1714) July–December[edit] ·
August 24 – James Napper Tandy,
Irish republican ·
September 5 – Pierre
Choderlos de Laclos, French general, author (b. 1741) ·
September 13 – John Barry,
officer in the Continental Navy during
the American
Revolutionary War, later in the United States Navy (b. 1745) ·
Gian Francesco
Albani, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1719) ·
François Devienne,
French composer (b. 1759) ·
September 17 – Franz Xaver Süssmayr,
Austrian composer (b. 1766) ·
October 2 – Samuel Adams, American revolutionary leader
(b. 1722) ·
October 8 – Vittorio Alfieri, Italian dramatist, poet
(b. 1749) ·
October 14 – Louis Claude
de Saint-Martin, French philosopher (b. 1743) ·
October 26 – Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford,
English politician (b. 1721) ·
October 31 – Pandara Vanniyan, last King of Vanni (defeated by Lt. von
Driberg) ·
November 18 – Ditlevine Feddersen,
Norwegian culture figure (b. 1727) ·
December 18 – Johann Gottfried
Herder, German philosopher, writer (b. 1744) ·
December 26 – Gian Carlo Passeroni,
Italian writer (b. 1713) ·
December 30 – Francis Lewis, American signer of the
Declaration of Independence (b. 1713) Date unknown[edit] ·
Moscho Tzavela, Greek-Souliote heroine
(b. 1760) References[edit] 1.
^ "Historical Events for Year 1803 |
OnThisDay.com". Historyorb.com. Retrieved 2016-08-04. 2.
^ Laws of the United States of America ; from the
4th of March, 1789, to the 4th of March, 1815 (Weightman, 1815) p714 3.
^ Frederick C. Schneid, Napoleon's Conquest of
Europe: The War of the Third Coalition (Greenwood, 2005) pp77-78 4.
^ Chandan Kumar Sadangi and Sanjay Mohapatra, Change
Management for Organizations: Lessons from Political Upheaval in India (Emerald
Group Publishing, 2017) p x 5.
^ Lieutenant-Colonel H. F. Murland, Baillie-Ki-Paltan:
Being a History of the 2nd Battalion, Madras Pioneers 1759–1930 (Andrews
UK Ltd., 2012) p122 6.
^ Robert S. Levine, Dislocating Race and Nation:
Episodes in Nineteenth-Century American Literary Nationalism (University
of North Carolina Press, 2009) p27 7.
^ The Constitution of the United States of America, As
Amended, ed. by Jack Brooks (U. S. House of Representatives, 1992)
pp15-16 8.
^ Charles Etienne and Arthur Gayarré, History of
Louisiana: The American Domination (Pelican Publishing, 1972) 9.
^ C. A. Goodrich, History of the United States (Huntington
and Hopkins, 1823) p306 10.
^ Andrew Ede, The Chemical Element: A Historical
Perspective(Greenwood, 2006) pp129-131 11.
^ Woodworth, Samuel; Morris, George
Pope; Willis, Nathaniel Parker (1834). The New York Mirror: A Weekly Gazette of Literature and
the Fine Arts. 12 (Public domain ed.). G. P.
Morris. pp. 22–. |
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