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February 3: Battle of San
Lorenzo 1813 (MDCCCXIII) was
a common year starting
on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and
a common
year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1813th year of
the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini(AD) designations, the 813th
year of the 2nd millennium,
the 13th year of the 19th century,
and the 4th year of the 1810s decade. As of
the start of 1813, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian
calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. Contents · 1Events · 2Births · 3Deaths Events[edit] January–March[edit] ·
January 24 – The Philharmonic Society
(later the Royal
Philharmonic Society) is founded in London. ·
January 28 – Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice is
published anonymously in London. ·
January 31 – The Assembly of the
Year XIII is inaugurated in Buenos Aires. ·
February – General Harrison sends out
an expedition to burn the British vessels at Fort Malden, by going across Lake Erie via the Bass Islands in sleighs, but the ice is
not hard enough, and the expedition returns. ·
February 3 – Argentine
War of Independence: José de San Martín and
his Regiment
of Mounted Grenadiers gain a largely symbolic victory against
a Spanish
royalist army in the Battle of San
Lorenzo. ·
February 7 – Napoleonic Wars – Action of 7
February 1813: The French
frigate Aréthuse (1812) and the British
ship HMS Amelia (1796) engage
in battle in the Îles de Los on
the Guinea Coast;
both ships retire unbeaten. ·
February 9 – Prussia abolishes
the canton system. ·
February 11 – War of 1812: Construction begins on Fort Meigs in Ohio,
under the command of General William Henry
Harrison. Major Amos Stoddard assumes command of its
artillery. ·
March 4 ·
Cyril VI of
Constantinople is elected Ecumenical
Patriarch. ·
James Madison is sworn
in for a second term, as President of the United States. ·
March 17 – Napoleonic Wars: Prussia declares war on
France. ·
March 29 – Mexican War
of Independence – Battle of Rosillo
Creek: The Republican Army of the North defeats the Spanish
Royalist Army in present-day Bexar County, Texas. April–June[edit] ·
April 8 – War of 1812: Colonel James Ball arrives
at Fort Meigs with 200 dragoons. ·
April 27 – War of 1812: Battle of York – United States troops
raid and destroy but do not hold the capital of Upper Canada, York (modern-day Toronto). ·
May 1–9 – War of 1812: Fort Meigs is first besieged, by
British allied forces under General
Henry Proctor and Chief Tecumseh. ·
May 2 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Lützen – Napoleon wins against the German
alliance. ·
May 11 – 1813
crossing of the Blue Mountains: Gregory Blaxland, William Lawson and William Wentworth leave
on an expedition to cross the Blue
Mountains of Australia. ·
May 20–21 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Bautzen – Napoleon again defeats his combined
enemies. ·
May 27 – War of 1812: In Canada, American forces
capture Fort George. ·
June 1 – War of 1812: Capture of
USS Chesapeake in Boston Harbor by British Royal Navy frigateHMS Shannon (1806). ·
June 6 ·
War of 1812: Battle of Stoney
Creek – A British force of 700 under John
Vincent defeats an American force three times its size,
under William H. Winder and John Chandler. ·
1813
crossing of the Blue Mountains: Gregory Blaxland, William Lawson and William Wentworth succeed
in crossing the Blue
Mountains (New South Wales) and return home. ·
June 21 – Peninsular War: Battle of Vitoria –
A British, Spanish and Portuguese force of 78,000 with 96 guns under Wellington defeats
a French force of 58,000 with 153 guns under Joseph Bonaparte. July–September[edit] ·
July – War of 1812 – The second siege of Fort Meigs by British allied forces
fails. ·
July 5 – War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids
on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New
York begin. ·
July 13 ·
The Carabinieri, the national military police of Italy, are founded
by Victor
Emmanuel I as the police force of the Kingdom of Sardinia. ·
Missionaries Adoniram Judson and his wife, Ann Hasseltine
Judson, arrive in Burma. ·
July 23 – Sir Thomas
Maitland is appointed as the first Governor of
Malta, transforming the island from a British protectorate to
a de facto colony. ·
August 12 – Napoleonic Wars: Austria declares war on
France. ·
August 19 – Gervasio
Antonio de Posadas joins Argentina's second triumvirate. ·
August 23 – Napoleonic Wars – Battle of Großbeeren: Napoleon is defeated by Prussia and Sweden. ·
August 26 – Napoleonic Wars – Battle of Katzbach: Napoleon's troops are defeated by Prussia and Russia. ·
August 26–27 – Napoleonic Wars – Battle of Dresden: Napoleon's troops are victorious. ·
August 29–30 – Napoleonic Wars – First Battle of Kulm:
French Marshal Vandamme is defeated and captured, by allied Coalition forces
from Russia, Prussia and
Austria. ·
August 30 – Creek War – Fort Mims massacre:
A force of Creeks, belonging
to the Red Sticks faction,
kills hundreds of settlers in Fort Mims, Alabama. ·
August 31 – Peninsular War: ·
Battle of San
Marcial: The Spanish Army of Galicia under Manuel Freire de
Andrade turns back Marshal Soult's
last major offensive against Wellington's
allied army. ·
After
besieging San Sebastián,
allied troops in Spain rampage, ransack and burn down the town almost
entirely. ·
September – Robert Southey becomes Poet
Laureate of the United Kingdom. ·
September 4: In the gaming records of Hans
Carl Leopold von der Gabelentz the name of Germany's national card game, "Scat" (now Skat, appears for the time. ·
September 6 – Napoleonic Wars – Battle of Dennewitz:
The armies of Napoleon are again
defeated by Prussia and Russia. ·
September 10 – War of 1812 – Battle of Lake Erie:
An American squadron under Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry defeats
a British squadron, capturing 6 ships. ·
September 17 – Napoleonic Wars – Second Battle of
Kulm: The Allied Coalition is victorious; Napoleon is forced to
halt his advance on Teplitz, and withdraw to Leipzig. October–December[edit] October 16 – 19: Battle of Leipzig October 26: Battle of the
Chateauguay ·
October 2 – The Philomathean Society of
the University of
Pennsylvania is founded (the oldest continuously existing
literary society in the United States). ·
October 5 – War of 1812 –Battle of the Thames in Upper Canada: William Henry
Harrison defeats the British, and native leader Tecumseh is killed in battle. ·
October 14 – After a ceremony in Caracas, Venezuela, the municipality gives Simón Bolívar the
title of El Libertador. ·
October 16–19 – Napoleonic Wars – Battle of Leipzig: Napoleon is defeated by the forces of
the Sixth
Coalition. More than 600,000 troops are in the field, with well
over 10% killed, wounded or missing. Many of the German states forming
the Confederation
of the Rhine defect from Napoleon to the Coalition, as a
result of the battle. ·
October 24–November 5 – Persia and
Russia sign the Treaty of Gulistan at
the end of the Russo-Persian
War, by which Persia loses modern-day Georgia, Dagestan and most of Azerbaijan to Russia. ·
October 26 – War of 1812 – Battle of the
Chateauguay: Charles de Salaberry defeats
an American invasion. ·
November 11 –War of 1812 – Battle of
Crysler's Farm: An outnumbered British–Canadian force repels an
American attack, forcing the Americans to give up their attempt to capture
Montreal. ·
November 21 – An independent government is restored in
the Netherlands. ·
December 8 – Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No. 7,
together with his Wellington's Victory,
are premiered in Vienna under the composer's baton, in a benefit concert for
Austrian and Bavarian soldiers wounded at the Battle of Hanau. ·
December 18–19 – War of 1812: British soldiers and native
allies invade the United States, and are successful in the Capture of Fort
Niagara, and attack Lewiston, New York. ·
December 29 – War of 1812: British soldiers burn Buffalo, New York. Date unknown[edit] ·
Napoleonic Wars: Russian troops reach and
take Berlin without a fight, after the
French garrison evacuates the city. ·
Mathieu Orfila publishes his
groundbreaking Traité des poisons, formalizing the field of toxicology. ·
Charles Waterton begins the process of
turning his estate at Walton Hall,
West Yorkshire, England into what is, in effect, the world's
first nature reserve.[1] ·
George
Hamilton-Gordon serves as ambassador extraordinaire in Vienna. ·
Following
the death of his father Wossen Seged, Sahle Selassie arrives at the capital
Qundi before his other brothers, and is made Meridazmach of Shewa. ·
The
Supreme Council for the Northern Jurisdiction of the United States of America
is founded. ·
Probable
date – George E. Clymer invents
the Columbian press,
used to print newspapers worldwide. ·
The
poem She Walks in Beauty is
written by Lord Byron. Births[edit] January–June[edit] ·
January 19 –Sir Henry Bessemer, English inventor (d. 1898) ·
January 21 – John C. Frémont,
American soldier, explorer (d. 1890) ·
January 26 – Juan Pablo Duarte,
founder of the Dominican Republic (d. 1876) ·
February 11 – Otto Ludwig,
German writer (d. 1865) ·
February 12 – James Dwight Dana,
American geologist, mineralogist (d. 1895) ·
February 15 – Frederick Holbrook,
Vermont governor (d. 1909) ·
March 14 –Joseph P. Bradley, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United
States (d. 1892) ·
March 15 –John Snow,
English doctor, pioneer of Epidemiology (d. 1858) ·
March 16 – Gaëtan de Rochebouët,
Prime Minister of France (d. 1899) ·
March 18 – Christian
Friedrich Hebbel, German poet, playwright (d. 1863) ·
March 19 – David Livingstone,
Scottish missionary, explorer (d. 1873) ·
March 21 – James Strang, Mormon splinter group leader
(d. 1856) ·
March 27 – Nathaniel Currier,
American illustrator (d. 1888) ·
April 1 – Karl
Friedrich August Rammelsberg, German mineralogist (d. 1899) ·
April 19 – David Settle Reid,
American politician (d. 1891) ·
April 23 – Stephen A. Douglas,
American Senator from Illinois, Presidential candidate (d. 1861) ·
May 5 – Søren Kierkegaard,
Danish philosopher (d. 1855) ·
May 15 – Stephen Heller, Hungarian composer (d. 1888) ·
May 21 – Robert Murray
M'Cheyne, Scottish clergyman (d. 1843) ·
May 22 – Richard Wagner, German composer (d. 1883) ·
June 2 – Daniel Pollen, 9th Prime Minister of New
Zealand (d. 1896) ·
June 8 – David Dixon Porter,
American admiral (d. 1891) ·
June 24 – Henry Ward Beecher,
American clergyman, reformer (d. 1887) July–December[edit] ·
July 15 – George Peter
Alexander Healy, American portrait painter (d. 1894) ·
July 19 – Samuel M. Kier, American industrialist
(d. 1874) ·
August 21 – Jean Stas, Belgian chemist (d. 1891) ·
August 29 – Henry Bergh, American founder of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals (d. 1888) ·
September 17 – John Sedgwick, Union Army General, American
Civil War (d. 1864) ·
September 24 – Gerardo Barrios, President of El Salvador (d. 1865) ·
October 10 – Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (d. 1901) ·
October 17 – Georg Büchner, German playwright (d. 1837) ·
Kreeta Haapasalo, Finnish kantele-player,
singer and folk musician (d. 1893) ·
Allen G. Thurman, American politician
(d. 1895) ·
November 19 – Augusta Schrumpf, Norwegian actor (d. 1900) ·
November 30 – Charles-Valentin
Alkan, French composer (d. 1888) ·
December 19 – Thomas Andrews,
Irish chemist (d.1885) Date unknown[edit] ·
John Miley, American Methodist theologian
(d. 1895) Deaths[edit] January–June[edit] ·
January 1 –Gioacchino Navarro,
Maltese priest and poet (b. 1748) ·
January 6 –Louis Baraguey
d'Hilliers, French general (b. 1764) ·
January 15 –Anton Bernolák,
Slovak linguist (b. 1762) ·
January 20 –Christoph Martin
Wieland, German writer (b. 1733) ·
January 24 –George Clymer, American signer of the Declaration
of Independence (b. 1739) ·
February 13 –Samuel Ashe,
Governor of North Carolina (b. 1725) ·
February 26 –Robert
Livingston, American signer of the Declaration of Independence
(b. 1746) ·
April 10 –Joseph-Louis
Lagrange, Italian mathematician (b. 1736) ·
April 19 – Benjamin Rush, Founding
Father of the United States (b. 1746) ·
April 27 –Zebulon Pike, American general (b. 1779) ·
April 28 –Mikhail Kutuzov, Russian field marshal
(b. 1745) ·
April 29 –John Andrews,
American clergyman, Provost of the University of Pennsylvania,
considered America's first scholar (b. 1746) ·
May 1 –Jean-Baptiste
Bessières, French marshal (killed in combat) (b. 1768) ·
May 23 –Géraud Duroc, French general (mortally
wounded in battle) (b. 1772) ·
June –Wossen Seged, Meridazmach of Shewa (murdered) (b. 1808) ·
June 6 ·
Alexandre-Théodore
Brongniart, French architect (b. 1739) ·
Antonio Cachia, Maltese architect, engineer
and archaeologist (b. 1739) ·
June 17 –Charles
Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, English sailor, politician (b. 1726) ·
July 17 – Fredrica Löf, Swedish actress (b. 1760) ·
June 28 –Gerhard von
Scharnhorst, Prussian general (b. 1755) July–December[edit] ·
July 29 –Jean-Andoche Junot,
French general (suicide) (b. 1771) ·
August 11 –Henry James Pye, English poet (b. 1745) ·
August 15 –Abigail Amelia,
First born daughter of John and Abigail Adams (b. 1765) ·
August 23 –Alexander
Wilson, Scottish-born ornithologist (b. 1766) ·
August 26 – Theodor Körner,
German author, soldier (b. 1791) ·
September 2 – Jean Victor
Marie Moreau, French general (mortally wounded in battle)
(b. 1763) ·
September 13 – Hezqeyas, deposed Emperor of Ethiopia ·
September 15 – Antoine
Étienne de Tousard, French general, military engineer (b. 1752) ·
September 22 – Rose Bertin, French fashion designer
(b. 1747) ·
October 5 – Tecumseh, Native American (Shawnee) leader
(b. 1768) ·
October 19 – Józef Poniatowski,
Polish prince, Marshal of France (friendly fire) (b. 1763) ·
November 12 – Jean de
Crèvecœur, French-American writer (b. 1735) ·
November –William Franklin, son of Benjamin Franklin
(b. ca. 1730)[2] ·
December 24 – Empress
Go-Sakuramachi of Japan (b. 1740) Date unknown[edit] ·
Nikolaos Koutouzis –
Greek painter, poet and priest (b. 1741) References[edit] 1.
^ Blackburn, Julia (1989). Charles
Waterton, 1782-1865: traveller and conservationist. London: The Bodley Head.
pp. 52–9. ISBN 0-370-31248-1. 2.
^ http://www.nj.gov/state/archives/docfranklin.html gives
13 November, http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/William_Franklin.aspx gives
16 November and http://www.geni.com/people/William-Franklin-Colonial-Governor-of-New-Jersey/6000000007529267271 gives
17 November. Further reading[edit] ·
Louis Heilprin (1885). "Chronological Table of Universal History". Historical
Reference Book. New York: D. Appleton and Company – via Hathi
Trust. 1813 |
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