|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
February 6: Capture of Valdivia 1820 (MDCCCXX) was
a leap year starting
on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and
a leap year
starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 1820th year of
the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the
820th year of the 2nd millennium,
the 20th year of the 19th century,
and the 1st year of the 1820s decade. As of
the start of 1820, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian
calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. Contents · 1Events · 2Births · 3Deaths Events[edit] January–March[edit] February 23: Cato Street
Conspiracy ·
January 1 – Trienio Liberal in Spain:
A constitutionalist military insurrection at Cádiz leads to the summoning of the
Spanish Parliament (March 7). ·
January 20 – Indiana
University Bloomington is founded as the Indiana State Seminary
(renamed Indiana College in 1846). ·
January 28 (NS)
– History of
Antarctica: An Imperial Russian
Navy expedition, led by Fabian
Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev,
sights the Antarctic ice sheet.[1] ·
January 29 – George IV
of the United Kingdom ascends the throne, on the death
at Windsor Castle of
his father George
III (after 59 years on the throne), ending the period known
as the British Regency.
There will be a gap of 21 years before the title Prince of Wales is next used. ·
January 30 – History of
Antarctica: Irish Royal Navy captain Edward Bransfield lands
on the mainland of Antarctica.[1] ·
Capture of Valdivia: Lord
Cochrane occupies Valdivia in the name of the Republic
of Chile. ·
86
free African American colonists
sail from New York City to Freetown, Sierra
Leone. ·
February 14 – Minh Mạng starts
to rule in Vietnam. ·
February 20 – A revolt begins in Santa María
Chiquimula, Totonicapán department of Guatemala. ·
February 23 – Cato Street
Conspiracy: A plot to murder the Cabinet of
the United Kingdom is exposed in England; the principals are
the last to suffer decapitation,
following their hanging for treason
outside Newgate Prison in
London, on May 1. ·
March 3 and March 6 – Slavery in
the United States: The Missouri Compromise becomes
law, allowing admission of Missouri and Maine, slave and free
states respectively, as U.S. states. ·
March 9 – King Ferdinand VII of
Spain accepts the new constitution, beginning the Trienio Liberal. ·
March 10 – The Royal
Astronomical Society is founded in London. ·
March 15 – Maine is admitted as the 23rd U.S. state. April–June[edit] ·
April – Hans Christian Ørsted discovers the relationship
between electricity and magnetism. ·
April 1 – A Proclamation, signed
"By order of the Committee of Organisation for
forming a Provisional Government", begins the "Radical War" in Scotland. ·
April 8 – The statue of the Venus de Milo (Aphrodite of Milos, c.150 BC-125 BC) is discovered on the Greek island
of Milos, by a peasant named Yorgos Kentrotas. ·
April 12 – Alexander Ypsilantis is declared leader of Filiki Eteria, a secret organization to
overthrow Ottoman rule
over Greece. ·
April 15 – King William I of
Württemberg marries his cousin, Pauline
Therese, in Stuttgart. ·
May 1 – The last hanging,
drawing and quartering in Britain is meted out to the Cato Street
conspirators for treason (only hanged and beheaded). ·
May 11 – HMS Beagle (the ship that
will later take young Charles Darwin on his scientific
voyage) is launched at Woolwich Dockyard. ·
May 20 – John Stuart Mill sets out on his
formative boyhood trip to France. ·
June 5 – Caroline of
Brunswick, the estranged wife of King George IV
of the United Kingdom, returns to England after six years abroad
in Italy, where she had been carrying on an affair; since ascending the
throne in January, the King has sought to receive his government's approval
for a divorce. [2] ·
June 10 – Sir Thomas
Munro is appointed as the British colonial Governor of the Madras Presidency, which
encompasses most of southern India. [3] ·
June 12 – Élie Decazes,
leader of the opposition in France's Chamber of Deputies, successfully
introduces the "Law of the Double Vote", a proposal to add to the
258 existing legislators by creating 172 seats that would be "selected
by special electoral colleges" made up of the wealthiest 25% of voters
in each of France's departments. [4] ·
June 12 – Delegates in St. Louis, Missouri Territory
approve a proposed state constitution, proclaiming that they "do
mutually agree to form and establish a free and independent republic (sic),
by the name of "The State of Missouri". [5] ·
June 29 – The cause of action that will
lead to the U.S. Supreme Court case known simply as The Antelope arises, when a U.S.
Treasury cutter captures
a ship of the same name, which is transporting 281 Africans who had been
captured as slaves, in violation of the 1819 U.S. law prohibiting the slave
trade. [6] July–September[edit] ·
July –
A revolt under Guglielmo Pepe forces Ferdinand
I of the Two Sicilies to sign a
constitution modeled on the Spanish
Constitution of 1812. ·
July 20 – Saint
Cronan's Boys' National School opens
in Bray, Co. Wicklow, Ireland under
the title Bray Male School. It is the oldest school in Bray, and
its notable pupils will include President of Ireland Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh. ·
July 26 – Union Chain Bridge,
a wrought iron suspension bridge designed
by Captain Samuel Brown,
opens across the River Tweed,
between England and Scotland. Its span of 449 ft (137 m) is the world's
longest for a vehicular bridge at this time.[7] ·
August 24 – A Constitutionalist insurrection
breaks out at Oporto, Portugal. ·
September 2 – The Daoguang Emperor succeeds the throne of
the Qing Dynasty in
China. ·
September 15 – Revolution breaks out
in Lisbon, against John VI of Portugal. October–December[edit] ·
October 9 – Guayaquil declares independence from
Spain. ·
October 25–November 20 – The Congress of Troppau (Opava) is convened between the rulers
of Russia, Austria and Prussia. ·
November 17 - Captain Nathaniel Palmer becomes the first
American to see Antarctica. (The Palmer Peninsula is later named after him.) ·
November 20 – After the sinking of the
American whaleship Essex of Nantucket, by a sperm whale in the southern Pacific
Ocean, the survivors are left afloat in three small whaleboats. They
eventually resort, by common consent, to cannibalism to allow some to survive. ·
December 3 – U.S.
presidential election, 1820: James Monroe is re-elected, virtually
unopposed. ·
December 20 – The town of Tuscumbia, Alabama,
is incorporated. Date unknown[edit] ·
Early
Spring – Joseph Smith,
founder of the Latter Day
Saint movement, receives his First Vision in Palmyra, New
York. (Possibly 26 March[8]) ·
The Argentine
Confederation (Argentina) establishes a penal colony in the Falkland Islands. ·
Robert Owen devises the labour voucher. ·
Mount Rainier erupts over what is today
Seattle. ·
18,957
black slaves leave Luanda, Angola. ·
The
6th edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica appears. ·
Construction
work is completed on the Citadelle Laferrière in Haiti, the largest fortification in the Americas. ·
Anchor coinage is issued for use in
some British colonies. Births[edit] January–June[edit] ·
January 10 – Louisa Lane Drew, actress, prominent theater
manager, grandmother of the Barrymores (d. 1897) ·
January 17 – Anne Brontë, English author (d. 1849) ·
January 20 – Alexandre-Émile
Béguyer de Chancourtois,
French chemist and mineralogist (d. 1886) ·
January 31 – Concepción Arenal,
Spanish feminist writer, activist (d. 1893) ·
February 1 – George Hendric Houghton, American Protestant
Episcopal clergyman (d. 1897) ·
February 6 – Thomas C. Durant, American railroad
financier (d. 1885) ·
February 8 – William Tecumseh
Sherman, American Civil War general (d. 1891) ·
February 13 – James Geiss, English businessman (d. 1878) ·
Susan B. Anthony, American suffragist
(d. 1906) ·
Arvid Posse, 2nd Prime Minister of Sweden
(d. 1901) ·
February 17 – Henri Vieuxtemps,
Belgian violinist, composer (d. 1881) ·
February 28 – John Tenniel, English illustrator (d. 1914) ·
March 2 – Eduard Douwes Dekker, Dutch writer (d. 1887) ·
March 3 – Henry D. Cogswell, American
temperance movement pioneer who endowed a number of Cogswell fountains (d. 1900) ·
March 4 – Francesco Bentivegna, Italian revolutionary (d. 1856) ·
March 9 – Samuel Blatchford, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United
States (d. 1893) ·
March 17 – Martin Jenkins
Crawford, American politician (d. 1883) ·
March 20 – Alexandru Ioan Cuza,
Romania's first reigning Domnitor (d. 1873) ·
March 14 – Victor
Emmanuel II of Italy (d. 1878) ·
April 27 – Herbert Spencer, English philosopher
(d. 1903) ·
April 26 – Alice Cary, American poet, sister to Phoebe
Cary (1824-1871) (d. 1871) ·
May 5 – Elkanah Billings,
Canadian paleontologist (d. 1876) ·
May 12 – Florence Nightingale,
English nurse (d. 1910) ·
May 23 – Lorenzo Sawyer, 9th Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court of California (d. 1891) ·
May 27 – Mathilde Bonaparte,
Italian princess (d. 1904) July–December[edit] ·
July 5 – William
John Macquorn Rankine, Scottish
physicist, engineer (d. 1872) ·
July 9 – John Wright Oakes,
landscape painter (d. 1887) ·
July 22 – Oliver Mowat, Canadian lawyer, politician
(d. 1903) ·
July 23 – Julia Gardiner Tyler, First
Lady of the United States (d. 1889) ·
Émile Augier, French dramatist (d. 1889) ·
Earl van Dorn, American Confederate general
(d. 1863) ·
September 20 – John F. Reynolds, American general (d. 1863) ·
September 27 – Wilhelm Siegmund Teuffel,
German classical scholar (d. 1878) ·
September 29 – Henri, Count of
Chambord, claimant to the French throne (d. 1883) ·
October 5 – David Wilber, American politician (d. 1890) ·
October 6 – Jenny Lind, Swedish soprano (d. 1887) ·
October 16 – Gillis Bildt, 5th
Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1894) ·
October 20 – Benjamin F. Cheatham,
Confederate general (d. 1886) ·
Isaac Todhunter,
English mathematician (d. 1884) ·
Ludwig von Hagn,
German painter (d. 1898) ·
November 28 – Friedrich Engels, German social philosopher
(d. 1895) ·
December 21 – William H. Osborn,
American railroad executive (d. 1894) Date unknown[edit] ·
Song Qing,
Chinese general (d. 1902) Deaths[edit] January–June[edit] King George
III ·
January 17 – Daniel Albert Wyttenbach, Swiss-born academic (b. 1746) ·
January 29 – King George
III of the United Kingdom (b. 1738) ·
February 5 – William Drennan, Irish physician, poet and
radical politician (b. 1754) ·
February 11 – Karl von Fischer, German architect (b. 1782) ·
February 14 – Charles
Ferdinand, Duke of Berry, French noble (stabbed) (b. 1778) ·
March 11 – Benjamin West, Anglo-American painter of
historical scenes (b. 1738) ·
March 22 – Stephen Decatur, American sailor (b. 1779) ·
April 8 – Thomas
Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk, liberal democrat who used his wealth
to create agricultural colonies at the Red River Valley, for displaced
crofters (b. 1771) ·
May 30 – William Bradley,
Britain's tallest ever man (b. 1787) ·
June 9 – Wilhelmina
of Prussia, Princess of Orange (b. 1751) ·
June 19 – Sir Joseph Banks, English naturalist, botanist
(b. 1743) ·
June 20 – Manuel Belgrano, Argentine politician,
general in the Independence War (b. 1770) July–December[edit] ·
August 12 – Manuel Lisa, Spanish-born American fur
trader (b. 1772) ·
September 2 – Jiaqing Emperor,
Chinese emperor (b. 1760) ·
September 3 – Benjamin Latrobe, English architect
(b. 1764) ·
September 4 – Timothy Brown,
English banker, merchant and radical (b. 1743/1744) ·
September 16 – Nguyễn Du, Vietnamese poet (b. 1766) ·
September 18 – Mariana
Joaquina Pereira Coutinho, Portuguese courtier, salonniére
(b. 1748) ·
September 26 – Daniel Boone, American pioneer (b. 1734) ·
September 29 – Barthelemy Lafon, Creole architect, smuggler
(b. 1769) ·
October 15 – Karl
Philipp Fürst zu
Schwarzenberg, Austrian field marshal (b. 1771) ·
November 8 – Lavinia Stoddard, American poet and school
founder (b. 1787) ·
December 25 – Joseph Fouché,
French statesman (b. 1763) ·
December 29 – Princess
Pauline of Anhalt-Bernburg; German regent, social reformer
(b. 1769) References[edit] 1.
^ Jump up to:a b Jones,
A. G. E. (1982). Antarctica Observed: who discovered the Antarctic Continent?. Caedmon of Whitby. ISBN 0-905355-25-3. 2.
^ Christopher Hibbert, Wellington: A Personal
History (Da Capo Press, 1999) p220 3.
^ T. H. Beaglehole, Thomas
Munro and the Development of Administrative Policy in Madras 1792-1818 (Cambridge
University Press, 22010) p121 4.
^ Munro Price, The Perilous Crown: France Between
Revolutions, 1814-1848 (Pan Macmillan, 2010) p108 5.
^ "Missouri", in Constitutional Documents
of the United States of America 1776-1860", ed. by Horst Dippel (K. G. Saur, 2007) p221 6.
^ "Antelope Case", by John T. Noonan, Jr.,
in Dictionary of Afro-American Slavery, (Greenwood, 1997) p66 7.
^ Drewry, Charles
Stewart (1832). "Section III". A Memoir of Suspension Bridges: Comprising The History Of Their Origin And Progress.
London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman. pp. 37–41.
Retrieved 2011-08-16. 8.
^ Lefgren, J. C. (October 2002).
"Oh, How Lovely Was the Morning: Sun 26 Mar 1820?". Meridian
Magazine. (available at http://www.johnpratt.com/items/docs/lds/meridian/2002/vision.html) |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|