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1831 (MDCCCXXXI) was a common year starting
on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and
a common
year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 1831st year of
the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the
831st year of the 2nd millennium,
the 31st year of the 19th century,
and the 2nd year of the 1830s decade. As of
the start of 1831, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian
calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. Contents ·
1Events ·
2Births ·
3Deaths Events[edit] January–March[edit] ·
January 1 – William Lloyd
Garrison begins publishing The
Liberator, an antislavery newspaper, in Boston, Massachusetts. ·
February–March – Revolts in Modena, Parma and the Papal States are put down by Austrian troops. ·
February 2 – Pope Gregory XVI succeeds Pope Pius VIII, as the 254th pope. ·
February 5 – Dutch naval
lieutenant Jan van Speyk blows
up his own gunboat in Antwerp, rather than
strike his colours on the demand of supporters of the Belgian Revolution. ·
February 7 – The Belgian Constitution of
1831 is approved by the National
Congress. ·
February 14 – Battle of Debre
Abbay: Ras Marye of Yejju marches into Tigray, and defeats and kills the
warlord Sabagadis. ·
February 20 – Battle of
Olszynka Grochowska (Grochow): Polish rebel forces divide a
Russian army. ·
March 10 – The French Foreign
Legion is founded. ·
March 16 – The Hunchback
of Notre-Dame is first published by Victor Hugo. ·
March 29 – The Bosnian
Uprising against the Ottoman Empire begins. April–June[edit] ·
April 7 – Pedro I abdicates
as Emperor of Brazil in
favor of his 5-year-old son Pedro II,
who will reign for almost 59 years. ·
April 18 – The University of
Alabama is founded. ·
April 27 – Charles Albert becomes
king of Sardinia, after the death of King Charles Felix. ·
May 26 – Battle
of Ostrołęka: The Poles fight another indecisive battle. ·
May–June
– Merthyr Rising:
Coal miners and others riot in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales for improved working
conditions. ·
June 1 – British Royal Navy
officer James Clark Ross locates
the position of the North Magnetic Pole,
on the Boothia Peninsula. July–September[edit] July 21: Coronation of Leopold Iof
Belgium ·
July 15 – The volcanic island of Graham
Island briefly emerges in the Mediterranean. ·
July 21 – Leopold of
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha is inaugurated as the first King of
the Belgians, in Brussels. ·
August 2 – The Dutch Ten Days' Campaign against
Belgium is halted, by a French army. ·
August 7 – American Baptist minister William Miller preaches
his first sermon on the Second Advent of Christ in Dresden, New York,
launching the Advent Movement in the United States. ·
August 21 – United States: Nat Turner's
slave rebellion breaks out in Southampton
County, Virginia. ·
September 6–8 – Battle of Warsaw:
The Russians take the Polish capital and crush resistance. ·
September 8 – King William
IV of the United Kingdom succeeds his brother, George IV (he
will reign until 1837). ·
September 26–28: The first national presidential
nominating convention is held in the United States, by the Anti-Masonic Party,
in Baltimore, Maryland. October–December[edit] ·
October 9 – Ioannis Kapodistrias,
Greek head of state and founder of Greek independence, is assassinated
in Nafplion. ·
October 29 – The Queen Square riots, Bristol (England)
begin, in response to the UK parliament's decision not to reform the
franchise. The military are called in to assist in the suppression and delays
are caused to construction of the Clifton
Suspension Bridge. ·
October 30 – In Southampton County,
Virginia, escaped slave Nat Turner is captured and arrested for
leading the bloodiest slave rebellion in United States history. ·
November 7 – Slave trading is forbidden
in Brazil. ·
November 17 – Ecuador and Venezuela are separated from Gran Colombia. ·
November 22 – First Canut Revolt:
After a bloody battle with the military causing 600 casualties, rebellious
silk workers seize Lyon, France. ·
The Christmas Rebellion begins in Jamaica, with the setting afire of the
Kensington House in St James
Parish, inspiring thousands of black slaves to revolt against
their English masters. At its peak, more than 20,000 people will be involved,
and more than 500 killed.[1] ·
Charles Darwin embarks from Plymouth on his historic
voyage aboard HMS Beagle. ·
December 31 – Gramercy Park is deeded to New York
City. Date unknown[edit] ·
The Sydney
Morning Herald newspaper is first published. ·
Wallinska skolan, the first secondary
education school for girls in the Swedish capital of Stockholm, is founded. ·
Muhammad Ali of
Egypt's French-trained forces occupy
Syria. ·
Rifa'a al-Tahtawi returns
from study in Paris to Egypt. ·
Founding of: ·
Denison University in Granville, Ohio ·
Wesleyan University in Middletown,
Connecticut ·
New York University in
New York City ·
Xavier University in Cincinnati (as "The
Athenaeum") Births[edit] January–June[edit] ·
January 3 – Savitribai Jyotirao Phule Indian social
reformer, poet (d. 1897) ·
January 7 – Heinrich von Stephan,
German postal union organizer (d. 1897) ·
January 26 – Heinrich Anton de
Bary, German botanist, mycologist (d. 1888) ·
February 12 – Myra Bradwell, lawyer, political activist
(d. 1894) ·
February 24 – Leo von Caprivi, Chancellor
of Germany (d. 1899) ·
March 3 – George Pullman, American inventor,
industrialist (d. 1897) ·
March 6 – Philip Sheridan, American general (d. 1888) ·
March 12 – Clement Studebaker,
American automobile pioneer (d. 1901) ·
March 16 – Elise Hwasser, Swedish actress (d. 1894) ·
March 20 – Solomon L. Spink, U.S. Congressman from
Illinois (d. 1881) ·
May 7 – Richard Norman Shaw,
British architect (d. 1912) ·
June 1 – John Bell Hood, American Confederate general
(d. 1879) ·
June 2 – Jan Gerard Palm, Curaçao-born composer
(d. 1906) ·
June 13 – James Clerk Maxwell,
Scottish physicist (d. 1879) ·
June 28 – Joseph Joachim, Austrian violinist (d. 1907) July–December[edit] ·
July 8 – John Pemberton, American inventor of Coca-Cola (d. 1888) ·
July 9 – Wilhelm His, Sr., Swiss anatomist (d. 1904) ·
July 17 – Xianfeng Emperor of China (d. 1861) ·
July 22 – Emperor Kōmei of Japan (d. 1867) ·
August 12 – Helena Blavatsky, Russian-born author,
theosophist (d. 1891) ·
August 16 – Ebenezer Cobb Morley,
English sportsman and the father of the Football
Association and modern football (d. 1924) ·
August 20 – Eduard Suess, Austrian geologist (d. 1914) ·
August 28 – Lucy Hayes, First
Lady of the United States (d. 1889) ·
September 3 – States Rights Gist, Confederate Brigadier General in
the American Civil War (d. 1864) ·
September 8 – Wilhelm Raabe, German novelist (d. 1910) ·
September 18 – Siegfried Marcus, German-born automobile
pioneer (d. 1898) ·
September 20 – Kate Harrington,
American teacher, writer and poet (d. 1917) ·
September 29 – John Schofield, American general (d. 1906) ·
October 6 – Richard Dedekind, German mathematician
(d. 1916) ·
October 14 – Samuel W. Johnson,
British railway engineer (d. 1912) ·
October 16 – Lucy Stanton,
American abolitionist (d. 1910) ·
October 18 – Frederick
III, German Emperor (d. 1888) ·
October 29 – Othniel Charles
Marsh, American paleontologist (d. 1899) ·
Paolo Mantegazza, Italian neurologist,
physiologist, anthropologist, and author of fiction (d. 1910) ·
Romualdo Pacheco, Governor of California
(d. 1899) ·
November 1 – Harry Atkinson, 10th Premier of New
Zealand (d. 1892) ·
November 5 – Anna Leonowens (Anna of The King and I) (d. 1915) ·
November 7 – Mélanie Calvat,
French Roman Catholic nun,
Marian Visionary and saint (d. 1904) ·
November 26 – Mathilda Linsén,
Finnish blind pedagogue (d. 1872) ·
November 19 – James A. Garfield,
20th United States President (d. 1881) ·
December 19 – Bernice Pauahi
Bishop, Hawaiian aliʻi (d. 1884) Date unknown[edit] ·
Jacob W. Davis, (b. Jacob Youphes),
Latvian-born American tailor, inventor of jeans (d. 1908) ·
Sotirios
Sotiropoulos, Greek economist, politician (d. 1898) ·
Eugenia Kisimova, Bulgarian feminist,
philanthropist, women's rights activist (d. 1885) Deaths[edit] January–June[edit] ·
January 8 – Franz Krommer, Czech composer (b. 1759) ·
January 21 – Ludwig Achim von
Arnim, German poet (b. 1781) ·
February 2 – Vincenzo Dimech, Maltese sculptor (b. 1768) ·
Vicente Guerrero, 2nd President of Mexico,
Independence War hero (b. 1782) ·
Marye of Yejju, Ethiopian Ras ·
Sabagadis, Ethiopian warlord (b. c. 1770) ·
February 17 – Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of
Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (b. 1785) ·
February 25 – Friedrich
Maximilian Klinger, German writer (b. 1752) ·
April 5 – Dmitry Senyavin, Russian admiral (b. 1763) ·
April 20 – John Abernethy,
English surgeon (b. 1764) ·
April 27 – Charles Felix
of Sardinia, King of Sardinia (b. 1765) ·
April 30 – Collet Barker, British military officer,
explorer (b. 1784) ·
June 5 – Tarenorerer, indigenous Australian Tasman
freedom fighter (b. 1800) ·
June 6 – Robert Fullerton, governor of Penang, first
governor of British Straits Settlements (b. 1773) ·
June 8 – Sarah Siddons, English actress (b. 1755) ·
June 27 – Sophie Germain, French mathematician
(b. 1776) July–December[edit] ·
July 4 – James Monroe, 5th President of the United
States (b. 1758) ·
July 16 – Louis
Alexandre Andrault de Langeron, Russian general (b. 1763) ·
August 24 – August von Gneisenau,
Prussian field marshal (b. 1760) ·
September 28 – Philippine Engelhard,
German writer, scholar (b. 1756) ·
November 6 – Hilchen Sommerschild,
Norwegian educator (b. 1756) ·
November 11 – Nat Turner, American slave rebel (b. 1800) ·
November 14 – Georg Hegel,
German philosopher (b. 1770) ·
November 16 – Carl von Clausewitz,
German military strategist (b. 1780) ·
November 21 – Marie Anne Simonis,
Belgian textile industrialist (b. 1758) ·
December 15 – Hannah Adams, American author (b. 1755) ·
December 23 – Emilia Plater, Polish heroine (b. 1806) ·
December 26 – Henry Louis
Vivian Derozio, Indian poet (b. 1809) ·
December 26 – Stephen Girard, French-American banker
(b. 1750) Date unknown[edit] ·
Marengo, Napoleon's mount in several battles
(b. 1793) ·
Charlotta Richardy,
Swedish industrialist (b. 1751) References[edit] 1. ^ Drainville, Andre C.
(2013). A History of World Order and Resistance: The Making and Unmaking
of Global Subjects. Routledge. ·
1831 |
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