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1840 (MDCCCXL) was
a leap year starting
on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and
a leap year
starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1840th year of
the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the
840th year of the 2nd millennium,
the 40th year of the 19th century,
and the 1st year of the 1840s decade. As of
the start of 1840, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian
calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. Contents · 1Events · 2Births · 3Deaths Events[edit] January–March[edit] ·
January 3 – One of the predecessor
papers of the Herald Sun of Melbourne, Australia, The Port
Phillip Herald, is founded. ·
January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is
introduced in the United Kingdom. ·
January 13 – The steamship Lexington burns
and sinks in icy waters, four miles off the coast of Long Island; 139 die, only four survive. January 13: Steamship Lexingtonsinks. ·
January 19 – Captain Charles Wilkes' United
States Exploring Expedition sights what becomes known
as Wilkes Landin the
southeast quadrant of Antarctica, claiming it for the United States, and
providing evidence that Antarctica is a complete continent.[1] ·
January 21 – Jules Dumont
d'Urville discovers Adélie Land in Antarctica, claiming it
for France.[2] ·
January 22 – British colonists
reach New Zealand, officially founding the settlement of Wellington. ·
February – The Rhodes blood libel is
made against the Jews of Rhodes. ·
February 5 – The murder of a Capuchin
friar and his Greek servant leads to the Damascus affair, a highly publicized case
of blood libel against
the Jews of Damascus. ·
February 6 – The Treaty of Waitangi,
granting British sovereignty in New Zealand, is signed. ·
February 10 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom
marries her cousin Prince Albert of
Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. ·
February 11 – Gaetano Donizetti's
opera La fille du régiment premieres
in Paris. ·
March 1 ·
William Hobson, the first Governor of New
Zealand, suffers a stroke. ·
Adolphe Thiers becomes prime minister
of France. ·
March 4 – Alexander
S. Wolcott and John Johnson open
their Daguerreian Parlor on Broadway (Manhattan),
the world's first commercial photography portrait studio. ·
March 9 – The Wilmington
and Raleigh Railroad is completed, from Wilmington,
North Carolina to Weldon, North
Carolina. At 161.5 miles (259.9 km), it is the world's
longest railroad.[3] April–June[edit] ·
April – The Raleigh and
Gaston Railroad is completed from Raleigh to
near Weldon, North
Carolina.[4] ·
April 2 – The Washingtonian
movement for teetotalism is founded by a group
of alcoholics in Baltimore, Maryland. ·
April 3 – Johnny Appleseed meets Abraham Lincoln, and plants apple trees
in New York City. ·
April 15 – King's College
Hospital opens in London. ·
May 1 – Britain issues the Penny Black, the world's first postage stamp; it becomes valid for the
pre-payment of postage from May 6. ·
May 7 – Great Natchez
Tornado: A massive tornado strikes Natchez, Mississippi during
the early afternoon. Before it is over, 317 people are killed and 109 injured
(the second deadliest tornado in U.S. history). ·
May 21 – New Zealand is declared a British
colony. ·
June 7 – On the death of Frederick
William III of Prussia, he is succeeded on the throne of the Kingdom of Prussia(which
he has ruled for more than 40 years) by his eldest son Frederick
William IV. ·
June 12–23– The World
Anti-Slavery Convention is organised by the British
and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, at Exeter Hall in London, England.
Arguments over the exclusion of women from the convention have important
ramifications for the movement for women's
suffrage in the United States. July–September[edit] ·
July 4 – The Cunard Line's 700-ton wooden
paddlewheel steamer RMS Britannia departs
from Liverpool, bound for Halifax, Nova Scotia,
on the first steam transatlantic passenger mail service.[5] ·
July 15 – The Austrian Empire, the United
Kingdom, the Kingdom of Prussia,
and the Russian Empire sign
the Convention of
London with the Sublime Porte, ruler of the Ottoman Empire. ·
July 21 – August Borsig's steam locomotive, the first built in Germany,
competes against a Stephenson-built
locomotive on the Berlin–Jüterbog railroad;
the Borsig locomotive wins by 10 minutes. ·
July 23 ·
Pedro II is
declared "of age" prematurely, and begins to reassert central
control in Brazil. ·
The Province of Canada is
created by the Act of Union. ·
August 10 – Fortsas hoax: A number of book collectors
gather in Binche, Belgium, to attend a non-existent
book auction of the late Count of Fortsas. ·
September 10 – Ottoman and British
troops bombard Beirut, and land troops
on the coast, to pressure EgyptianMuhammad Ali to retreat from the
country. ·
September 16 – Joseph
Strutt hands over the deeds and papers concerning the Derby Arboretum, which is to become
England's first public park. ·
September 30 – The frigate Belle-Poule arrives
in Cherbourg, bringing back the remains of Napoleon from Saint Helena to France. He is buried in Les Invalides. October–December[edit] The frigate Belle-Poule brings back the
remains of Napoleon to France. ·
October 7 – William II becomes
King of the Netherlands. ·
October 8 – A firman (imperial decree) of
Sultan Abdulmejid I replaces Bashir Shihab II as Emir of Mount
Lebanon with Prince Bashir Chehab III (Bashir Qasim
al-Chehab).[6] ·
October 11 – Maronite leader Bashir Shihab II surrenders to the
Ottomans,[6] and on October 14 goes into exile, initially in Malta. ·
November 4 – U.S.
presidential election, 1840: William Henry
Harrison defeats Martin Van Buren in a landslide. ·
December 7 – David Livingstone leaves
Britain for Africa. ·
December 15 – The corpse of Napoleon is placed in the Hôtel des Invalides in
Paris. ·
December 21 – Stockport Viaduct is
completed in North West England.[7] It
is one of the largest brick structures in Europe. Date unknown[edit] ·
Louis Agassiz publishes his Etudes
sur les glaciers ("Study on Glaciers", 2 volumes), the
first major scientific work to propose that the Earth has seen an ice age. ·
The
first English translation of Goethe's Theory of Colours by Charles Eastlake is
published. ·
J. M. W. Turner first displays his
painting The Slave Ship. ·
European
traders set up the first tea gardens in
the Indian subcontinent at Chittagong, using Chinese tea plants from
the Calcutta Botanical Garden. ·
The
first known photograph of Niagara Falls, a daguerreotype, is taken by English
chemist Hugh Lee Pattinson. ·
The United States
Census Bureau reports 6,000 free Negroes holding slaves in the nation.[citation needed] ·
Approximate
date – Volcanic eruption of Tinakula in the Solomon Islands causes the island to be
depopulated. Ongoing[edit] ·
First Opium War (1839–1842) ·
First Anglo-Afghan
War (1839–1842) ·
Egyptian–Ottoman
War (1839–41) Births[edit] January–June[edit] ·
January 1 – Dugald Drummond, British railway engineer
(d. 1912) ·
January 3 – Father Damien, Belgian missionary priest
(d. 1889) ·
January 18 – Alfred Percy Sinnett,
British writer (d. 1921) ·
January 21 – Sophia Jex-Blake, English physician (d. 1912) ·
January 22 – Ernest Roland
Wilberforce, English bishop (d. 1907) ·
January 23 – Ernst Abbe, German physicist (d. 1905) ·
January 26 – John Clayton Adams,
British landscape artist (d. 1906) ·
February 4 – Hiram Stevens Maxim,
American firearms inventor (d. 1916) ·
February 5 – John Boyd Dunlop, Scottish inventor
(d. 1921) ·
February 9 – William T. Sampson,
American admiral (d. 1902) ·
February 13 – Sophie Opel, German industrialist (d. 1913) ·
February 15 – Titu Maiorescu, Romanian Prime Minister
(d. 1917) ·
February 21 – Murad V, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1904) ·
February 22 – August Bebel, German politician (d. 1913) ·
February 23 – Carl Menger, Austrian economist (d. 1921) ·
February 29 – John Philip Holland,
Irish inventor (d. 1914) ·
March 12 – Masataka Kawase (a.k.a. Kogorō
Ishikawa), Japanese political activist, diplomat (d. 1919) ·
March 28 – Emin Pasha, German doctor, African
administrator (d. 1892) ·
March 31 – Benjamin Baker,
English civil engineer (d. 1907) ·
April 9 – Praskovya Uvarova,
Russian archaeologist (d. 1924) ·
April 2 – Émile Zola, French writer (d. 1902) ·
April 22 – Odilon Redon, French painter (d. 1916) ·
April 27 – Edward Whymper, English mountaineer
(d. 1911) ·
May 7 – Pyotr Ilyich
Tchaikovsky, Russian composer (d. 1893) ·
May 10 – Eliza Trask Hill, American activist,
journalist, philanthropist (d. 1908) ·
May 13 – Alphonse Daudet, French writer (d. 1897) ·
June 2 ·
Thomas Hardy, English writer (d. 1928) ·
Émile Munier, French artist (d. 1895) ·
June 7 – Princess Charlotte of Belgium,
Empress of Mexico (d. 1927) ·
June 9 – Jennie Casseday, American philanthropist
(d. 1893) ·
June 10 – Theodor Philipsen,
Danish painter (d. 1920) ·
June 13 – Augusta Lundin, Swedish fashion designer
(d. 1919) ·
June 14 – William F. Nast, American attaché, railroad
executive, inventor, and father of Condé Nast (d. 1893) ·
June 21 – Edward Stanley
Gibbons, English philatelist, founder of Stanley Gibbons Ltd. (d. 1913) July–December[edit] ·
August 4 – Richard von
Krafft-Ebing, German sexologist (d. 1902) ·
August 25 – George C. Magoun, American railroad
executive (d. 1893) ·
September 12 – Mary Jane Patterson,
the first African-American woman to receive a B.A degree in 1862. (d. 1894) ·
September 22 – D. M. Canright, American Seventh-day
Adventist minister and author, later one of the church's severest critics
(d. 1919) ·
September 27 – Alfred Thayer Mahan,
United States Navy admiral, American geostrategist and historian (d. 1914) ·
October 9 – Simeon Solomon, British artist (d. 1905) ·
October 12 – Helena Modjeska, Polish stage actress
(d. 1909) ·
October 16 – Kuroda Kiyotaka, Prime Minister of
Japan (d. 1900) ·
November 7 – H. G. Haugan, Norwegian-born American
railroad, banking executive (d. 1921) ·
November 12 – Auguste Rodin, French sculptor (d. 1917) ·
November 14 – Claude Monet, French painter (d. 1926) ·
November 21 – Victoria, Princess Royal of the United Kingdom and
Empress of Germany (d. 1901) ·
November 29 – Rhoda Broughton, Welsh writer (d. 1920) ·
December 17 – Nozu Michitsura, Japanese general (d. 1908) date unknown[edit] ·
Robert Wentworth
Little, British occultist (d. 1878) ·
earliest
probable date – Crazy Horse (Tȟašúŋke
Witkó), Chief of the Oglala Lakota (k. 1877) Deaths[edit] January–June[edit] Frederick
William III of Prussia ·
January 6 – Fanny Burney, English novelist (b. 1752) ·
January 22 – Johann
Friedrich Blumenbach, German anthropologist (b. 1752) ·
February 13 – Nicolas Joseph
Maison, French marshal, Minister of War (b. 1770) ·
March 11 – George Wolf, American politician (b. 1777) ·
March 17 – Lady Lucy Whitmore,
English noblewoman and hymnwriter (b. 1792) ·
April 25 – Siméon Denis Poisson,
French mathematician, geometer, and physicist (b. 1781) ·
May 1 – Joseph Williamson,
philanthropist, builder of the Williamson Tunnels (b. 1769) ·
May 6 ·
Demetrius
Augustine Gallitzin, Russian aristocrat, priest (b. 1770) ·
Francisco de
Paula Santander, President of Colombia (b. 1792) ·
May 7 – Caspar David
Friedrich, German artist (b. 1774) ·
May 14 – Carl Ludvig Engel,
German-Finnish architect (b. 1778) ·
May 26 – Sidney
Smith, British admiral (b. 1764) ·
May 25 – Louisa Capper, English writer, philosopher
and poet (b. 1776) ·
May 27 – Niccolò Paganini,
Italian violinist, composer (b. 1782) ·
June 7 – King Frederick
William III of Prussia (b. 1770) July–December[edit] ·
July 7 – Nikolai Stankevich,
Russian philosopher, poet (b. 1813) ·
August 25 – Karl Leberecht
Immermann, German novelist, dramatist (b. 1796) ·
September 11 – Jean-Gabriel
Perboyre, French Catholic missionary, martyr in China (b. 1802) ·
September 14 – Joseph Smith, Sr.,
American father of Joseph Smith, Jr. (b. 1771) ·
September 18 – Constantine
Samuel Rafinesque, Constantinople-born French polymath (b. 1783) ·
September 20 – José
Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, first leader of independent Paraguay
(b. 1766) ·
November 2 – Józef
Kossakowski (colonel), Polish-Lithuanian statesman (b. 1771) ·
December 11 – Emperor Kōkaku of
Japan (b. 1771) References[edit] 1.
^ "Antarctic Exploration — Chronology".
Quark Expeditions. 2004. Archived from the original on 2006-09-08.
Retrieved 2006-10-20. 2.
^ Guillon, Jacques (1986). Dumont d'Urville.
Paris: France-Empire. ISBN 2-7048-0472-9. 3.
^ "Railroad — Wilmington & Raleigh (later
Weldon)". North Carolina Business History. 2006.
Retrieved 2011-12-02. 4.
^ "Railroads — prior to the Civil War". North
Carolina Business History. 2006. Retrieved 2011-12-02. 5.
^ Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of
British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 263–264. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2. 6.
^ Jump up to:a b Farah,
Caesar E.; Centre for Lebanese Studies (Great Britain) (2000). Politics of Interventionism in Ottoman Lebanon,
1830-1861. I. B. Tauris. pp. 41–43. ISBN 9781860640568. 7.
^ Holt, Geoffrey O. (1978). A Regional History of
the Railways of Great Britain. Vol. 10: The North West. Newton Abbot: David
and Charles. p. 117. ISBN 0-7153-7521-0. |
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