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1845 (MDCCCXLV) was
a common year starting
on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and
a common
year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1845th year of
the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini(AD) designations, the 845th
year of the 2nd millennium,
the 45th year of the 19th century,
and the 6th year of the 1840s decade. As of
the start of 1845, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian
calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. Contents · 1Events · 2Births · 3Deaths Events[edit] January–March[edit] ·
January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives
a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning;[1] on May 20, they meet for the first time in
London. She begins writing her Sonnets from
the Portuguese. ·
January 23 – The United States
Congress establishes a uniform date for federal elections,
which will henceforth be held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in
November. ·
January 29 – The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe is published for the
first time, in the New York Evening
Mirror. ·
February 1 – Anson Jones, President of the Republic of Texas,
signs the charter officially creating Baylor University(the
oldest university in the State of Texas operating under its original
name). ·
February 7 – In the British Museum, a drunken visitor smashes
the Portland Vase,
which takes months to repair. ·
February 28 – The United States
Congress approves the annexation of Texas. ·
March 1 – President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the
United States to annex the Republic of Texas. ·
March 3 ·
Florida is admitted as the 27th U.S. state. ·
The United States
Congress passes legislation, overriding a presidential veto for
the first time.[2] ·
March 4 – James K. Polk is sworn in,
as the 11th President of the United States. ·
March 11 – New Zealand Wars open with the Flagstaff War: Chiefs Kawiti and Hone Heke lead 700 Māoris, in the burning of the British
colonial settlement of Kororāreka (modern-day Russell, New Zealand). ·
March 13 – The Violin
Concerto by Felix Mendelssohn premieres
in Leipzig, with Ferdinand
David as soloist. ·
March 17 – Stephen Perry patents the rubber band, in the United Kingdom.[3] ·
March 30 – Due to different transition
dates to the Gregorian calendar,
Finland (then part of the Russian Empire) is the only place in the
world to have Easter day on this
particular Sunday. April–June[edit] ·
April 7 – An earthquake destroys part
of Mexico City, along
with the nearby towns of Tlalpan and Xochimilco. ·
April 10 – A great fire destroys
much of the American city of Pittsburgh. ·
April 20 – Ramón Castilla becomes
president of Peru. ·
May – Frederick Douglass's Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an
American Slave, written by himself, is published by the Boston Anti-Slavery Society. ·
May 2 – A suspension bridge collapses
in Great Yarmouth,
England, leaving around 80 dead, mostly children.[4] ·
May 19 – HMS Erebus and HMS Terror,
with 134 men, comprising Sir John Franklin's expedition to
find the Northwest Passage,
sail from Greenhithe on
the Thames. They will
last be seen in August, entering Baffin Bay.[5] ·
May 30 – Fatel Razack (Fath Al Razack,
"Victory of Allah the Provider", Arabic: قتح
الرزاق) is the first ship to bring
indentured labourers from India to Trinidad and Tobago,
landing in the Gulf of Paria with
227 immigrants.[6] ·
June 8 – Former U.S. President Andrew Jackson dies, at the Hermitage
in Tennessee. July–September[edit] ·
July 20 – Charles Sturt enters the Simpson Desert in central Australia. ·
July 26–August 10 – Isambard Kingdom
Brunel's iron steamship Great Britain makes the transatlantic
crossing from Liverpool to New York, the first screw propelled vessel to make the
passage.[7][8] ·
July 28 – HMS Terror and
HMS Erebus of the Franklin Expedition go
missing in the Davis Strait west
of Greenland, while searching for the Northwest Passage. ·
August 9 – The Aberdeen Act is passed by the Parliament
of the United Kingdom, empowering the British Royal Navyto search Brazilian ships, as part
of the abolition of the slave trade from
Africa. ·
August 10 – The French Consul in Zanzibar (M. Broquant) receives the
final letter sent by Eugène Maizan, during his expedition into
tropical Africa.[9] ·
August 28 – The journal Scientific American begins
publication. ·
September 9 – Potato blight breaks out in Ireland,[10][11] beginning the Great Famine. ·
September 18 – The Anglo-French
blockade of the Río de la Plata is formally declared. ·
September 25 – The Phi Alpha
Literary Society is founded, in Jacksonville, Illinois. October–December[edit] ·
October 9 – The eminent and
controversial Anglican, John Henry Newman,
is received into the Roman Catholic
Church. ·
October 10 – In Annapolis, Maryland,
the Naval School (later renamed the United States
Naval Academy) opens with fifty midshipmen and seven professors. ·
October 13 – A majority of voters in
the Republic of Texas approve
a proposed constitution, that if accepted by the United States
Congress, will make Texas a U.S. state. ·
October 21 – The New York Herald becomes the first
newspaper to mention the game of baseball. ·
October 22 – The New York
Morning News becomes the first newspaper to include a box-score of a
baseball game. ·
November 20 – Anglo-French
blockade of the Río de la Plata – Battle of
Vuelta de Obligado: The Argentine
Confederation is narrowly defeated by an Anglo–French fleet
on the waters of the Paraná River, but the victors suffer serious
damage to their ships, and Argentina attracts political support in South
America. ·
December 2 – Manifest destiny: U.S. President James K. Polk announces to Congress
that the Monroe Doctrine should
be strictly enforced, and that the United States should aggressively expand
into the West. ·
December 11 – First Anglo-Sikh War:
Sikh army crosses the Sutlej in the Punjab. ·
December 5 – The Templars
of Honor and Temperance is founded in the United States. ·
December 22–23 – Battle of Ferozeshah (Anglo-Sikh
War): East India Company forces
are victorious over those of the Sikh Empire. ·
December 27 – Anesthesia is used for childbirth for
the first time, by Dr. Crawford Long in Jefferson, Georgia. ·
December 27 – American newspaper
editor John L. O'Sullivan claims
(in connection with the annexation of Texas) in The United States Magazine and Democratic Review that
the United States should be allowed "the fullfillment of our manifest
destiny to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free
development of our yearly multiplying millions". It is the second time
he uses the term manifest destiny, and it will have a
huge influence on American imperialism in
the following century. ·
December 29 – Texas is admitted as the 28th U.S. state. ·
December 30 – Queen's
Colleges of Belfast, Cork,
and Galway are
incorporated in Ireland. Date unknown[edit] ·
The Republic of Yucatán separates
for a second time from Mexico. ·
Ephraim Bee reveals that the Emperor of China has given him a
special dispensation: that he has entrusted him with certain sacred and
mysterious rituals through Caleb Cushing, the U.S. Commissioner to
China, to "extend the work and influence of the Ancient and Honorable
Order of E Clampus Vitus"
in the New World.[12] ·
Friedrich Engels' treatise The Condition of the Working Class in England is
published in Leipzig as Die
Lage der arbeitenden Klasse in England. ·
Heinrich
Hoffmann publishes a book (Lustige Geschichten und
drollige Bilder), introducing his character, Struwwelpeter, in Germany. ·
The Ancient and Accepted Rite for England and Wales and its
Districts and Chapters Overseas is founded[vague] in Freemasonry. ·
Eugénie Luce founds the Luce Ben Aben
School in Algiers.[13] Births[edit] January–June[edit]
·
January 3 – Anna Edelheim, Finnish journalist (d. 1902) ·
King Ludwig III of
Bavaria (d. 1921) ·
Paul Deussen, German scholar (d. 1919) ·
February 2 – Ivan Puluj, Ukrainian physicist, inventor
(d. 1918) ·
February 14 – Quintin Hogg,
British philanthropist (d. 1903) ·
February 15 – Elihu Root, American statesman, diplomat, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1937) ·
February 25 – George
Reid, 4th Prime
Minister of Australia (d. 1918) ·
March 3 – Georg Cantor, German mathematician (d. 1918) ·
March 4 – Henry Clay Taylor,
American admiral (d. 1904) ·
March 10 – Emperor Alexander III of
Russia (d. 1894) ·
March 20 – Victor
Child Villiers, 7th Earl of Jersey, 18th Governor of
New South Wales (d. 1915) ·
March 27 – Wilhelm Röntgen,
German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
(d. 1923) ·
April 21 – William Healey Dall,
American malacologist,
explorer (d.1927) ·
April 22 – Carlo Caneva, Italian general (d. 1922) ·
April 24 – Carl Spitteler, Swiss writer, Nobel Prize laureate
(d. 1924) ·
May 4 – William Kingdon
Clifford, English mathematician, philosopher (d. 1879) ·
May 9 – Gustaf de Laval, Swedish engineer, inventor
(d. 1913) ·
May 12 – Gabriel Fauré, French composer (d. 1924) ·
May 14 – Charles J. Train, American admiral (d. 1906) ·
May 15 – Élie Metchnikoff,
Russian microbiologist,
recipient of the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1916) ·
May 17 – Jacint Verdaguer, Catalan poet (d. 1902) ·
May 25 – Eugène Grasset,
Swiss-born artist (d. 1917) ·
May 30 – King Amadeo I of Spain (d. 1890) ·
June 7 – Leopold Auer, Hungarian violinist, composer (d. 1930) ·
June 16 – Heinrich Dressel, German archaeologist
(d. 1920) ·
June 18 – Charles
Louis Alphonse Laveran, French physician, recipient of the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1922) ·
June 22 – Richard Seddon, 15th Prime
Minister of New Zealand (d. 1906) July–December[edit]
Saint André Bessette ·
July 4 – Thomas John Barnardo,
Irish philanthropist (d. 1905) ·
July 18 – Tristan Corbière,
French poet (d. 1875) ·
July 19 – Horatio Nelson Young,
American naval hero (d. 1913) ·
August 9 – André Bessette,
Canadian religious leader and saint (d. 1937) ·
August 10 – Abai Qunanbaiuli, Kazakh poet (d. 1904) ·
Gabriel Lippmann, Luxembourger-French
physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1921) ·
Jacinta Parejo, First Lady of Venezuela
(d. 1914) ·
August 19 – Edmond James
de Rothschild, French philanthropist (d. 1934) ·
August 21 – William Healey Dall,
American naturalist, biologist and explorer (d. 1927) ·
August 25 – King Ludwig II of Bavaria (d. 1886) ·
September 1 – Paul
Methuen, 3rd Baron Methuen, British field marshal (d. 1932) ·
September 9 – Warner B. Bayley, United States Navy rear
admiral (d. 1928) ·
October 13 – Charles Stockton, American admiral (d. 1924) ·
October 17 – John J. Gardner, American politician
(d. 1921) ·
October 21 – William
McKendree Carleton, American poet (d. 1912) ·
November 3 – Edward Douglass
White, 9th Chief
Justice of the United States (d. 1921) ·
November 4 – Vasudev Balwant
Phadke, Indian revolutionary (d. 1883) ·
November 9 – Elizabeth Reed, American
folk heroine, subject of The Allman
Brothers Band song In Memory of
Elizabeth Reed (d. 1935) ·
November 10 – John Sparrow
David Thompson, 4th Prime Minister
of Canada (d. 1894) ·
November 13 – Marta Abreu, Cuban philanthropist (d. 1909) ·
December 9 – Joel Chandler Harris,
American writer (d. 1908) Deaths[edit] January–June[edit]
·
January 11 – Etheldred Benett, British geologist
(b. 1776) ·
January 28 – Mary Ann Browne, British poet and writer of
musical scores (b. 1812) ·
February 13 – Henrik Steffens, Norwegian philosopher
(b. 1773) ·
February 22 – William Wellesley-Pole, 3rd Earl of Mornington,
British politician (b. 1763) ·
March
– Nicolás Espinoza,
Head of State of El Salvador (b. 1795) ·
March 18 – Johnny Appleseed, American pioneer (b. 1774) ·
March 19 – Seku Amadu, founder of the Fula Massina
Empire (b. 1773) ·
April 10 – Dr. Thomas Sewall, American anatomist (b. 1786) ·
May 12 ·
János Batsányi,
Hungarian poet (b. 1763) ·
August Wilhelm
Schlegel, German poet, translator and critic (b. 1767) ·
May 15 – Braulio Carrillo
Colina, Costa Rican Head of State (b. 1800) ·
June 4 – Lasse-Maja, notorious Swedish criminal
(b. 1785) ·
June 8 – Andrew Jackson, 7th President of the United
States (b. 1767) July–December[edit]
Charlotte
Ann Fillebrown Jerauld ·
July 12 ·
Friedrich Ludwig
Persius, German architect (b. 1803) ·
Henrik Wergeland, Norwegian writer (b. 1808) ·
July 17 – Charles Grey,
2nd Earl Grey, Prime
Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1764) ·
August 3 – Charlotte
Ann Fillebrown Jerauld, American poet and story writer (b. 1820) ·
August 23 – Rafael Urdaneta, hero of the Latin American
War of Independence (b. 1788) ·
October 12 – Elizabeth Fry, British humanitarian
(b. 1780) ·
October 26 – Lady Nairne, Scottish songwriter (b. 1766) ·
November 17 – Sir Salusbury
Pryce Humphreys, British admiral (b. 1778) Date Unknown[edit] ·
Wazir Akbar Khan, Afghan prince and general (b. 1816) References[edit] 1.
^ Jones, Neal T., ed. (1984). A Book of Days for
the Literary Year. New York; London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-01332-2. 2.
^ Congress overrides presidential veto for first time.
history.house.gov 3.
^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin
Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0. 4.
^ "The Great Yarmouth Suspension Bridge Disaster –
May 2nd 1845" (PDF). Broadland
Memories. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 18, 2011. Retrieved 2010-10-14. 5.
^ The Hutchinson Factfinder. Helicon. 1999.
p. 549. ISBN 1-85986-000-1. 6.
^ When the British decided they were going to bring
Indians to Trinidad this year, most of the traditional British ship owners
did not wish to be involved. The ship was originally named Cecrops,
but upon delivery was renamed to Fath Al Razack. The ship
left Calcutta on February 16. 7.
^ Fox, Stephen (2003). Transatlantic: Samuel
Cunard, Isambard Brunel, and the Great Atlantic Steamships.
HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-019595-3. 8.
^ "Great Britain". The Ships
List. Archived from the original on May 28, 2010.
Retrieved 2010-10-01. 9.
^ Giraud, Victor (1890). Les lacs de l'Afrique Équatoriale : voyage
d'exploration exécuté de 1883 à 1885 (in French).
Paris: Librairie Hachette
et Cie. p. 31. 10.
^ Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of
British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 267–268. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2. 11.
^ "Phytophthora infestans". A
Short History of Ireland. BBC. Retrieved 2012-08-05. 12.
^ "E. Clampus Vitus". 2010.
Retrieved 2010-10-01. 13.
^ "Luce Ben Aben School of Arab Embroidery I,
Algiers, Algeria". World Digital
Library. 1899. Retrieved 2013-09-26. Further reading[edit] ·
Louis Heilprin (1885). "Chronological Table of Universal History". Historical
Reference Book. New York: D. Appleton and Company – via Hathi
Trust. 1845 |
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