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The "Elektromote", the world's first
trolleybus,[1] in
Berlin, Germany, 1882 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII)
was a common year starting
on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and
a common
year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1882nd year of
the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the
882nd year of the 2nd millennium,
the 82nd year of the 19th century,
and the 3rd year of the 1880s decade. As of
the start of 1882, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian
calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. Contents · 1Events · 2Births · 3Deaths Events[edit] January–March[edit] ·
The Standard Oil Trust is secretly created in the United
States, to control multiple corporations set up by John D. Rockefeller and
his associates.[2] ·
Irish-born
author Oscar Wilde arrives
in the United States for an extended lecture tour; when asked by a customs
official if he has anything to declare, he replies "I have nothing to
declare but my genius"[3] according to later tradition.[4] ·
January 5 – Charles J. Guiteau is
found guilty of the assassination
of James A. Garfield (President of the United States) and
sentenced to death, despite an insanity defense raised by his lawyer.[5] ·
January 12 – Holborn
Viaduct power station in the City of London, the world's
first coal-fired public electricity generating station, begins operation.[6] ·
February 3 – American showman P. T. Barnum acquires the
elephant Jumbo, from the London Zoo. ·
March 2 – Roderick McLean fails in an attempt to
assassinate Queen Victoria,
at Windsor. ·
March 18 (March 6 Old Style) – The Principality of
Serbia becomes the Kingdom of Serbia following
a proclamation. ·
March 20 – British gunboats enter Monrovia, with Arthur Havelock demanding that Liberia cede disputed territory to the
British colony of Sierra Leone, of
which he is Governor. ·
March 22 – Polygamy is made a felony by the Edmunds Act, passed by the United States
Congress. ·
March 24 – Robert Koch announces the discovery of
the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis (Mycobacterium
tuberculosis). ·
March 28 ·
Republican Jules Ferry makes primary education in
France free, non-clerical (laique) and obligatory. ·
German
medical products company Beiersdorf is founded. ·
March 29 – The Knights of Columbus,
a Catholic fraternal
service organization, is founded in New Haven,
Connecticut. April–June[edit] ·
April 3 – Old West outlaw Jesse James is shot in the back of the
head and killed, by Robert Ford in St. Joseph, Missouri. ·
April 29 – The "Elektromote", the world's first trolleybus, begins operation in Berlin. ·
May – Burnley F.C. in the north of England
changes codes, from Rugby union to Association football. ·
May 1 – The Berlin Philharmonic orchestra
is founded in Germany, as Frühere Bilsesche Kapelle. ·
May 2 – The Kilmainham Treaty,
an agreement between the British government and Irish nationalist leader Charles Stewart
Parnell to abate tenant rent arrears, is announced; Parnell
is released from Kilmainham Gaol in Dublin. ·
May 6 – Phoenix Park Murders in
Ireland: Lord Frederick
Cavendish, the newly appointed Chief
Secretary for Ireland, and Thomas
Henry Burke, his Permanent Undersecretary, are fatally stabbed
in Phoenix Park,
Dublin, by members of the Irish National
Invincibles (militant Irish republicans). ·
May 8 – The Chinese Exclusion
Act is the first important law which restricts immigration
into the United States. ·
May 20 – The Triple Alliance is
formed between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy. ·
June ·
Ferdinand von
Lindemann publishes his proof of the transcendentality of pi. ·
St
Andrew's Ambulance Association is founded in Glasgow, Scotland; St. John
Ambulance Canada is also founded this year. ·
June 6 ·
Supposedly,
the Bombay
Cyclone of 1882 in the Arabian Sea causes flooding in Bombay harbor, leaving about 100,000
dead; this alleged event has, however, been proved a hoax. ·
Battle of Embabo: The Shewan forces of Menelik II defeat the Gojjame army. ·
June 11 – The ‘Urabi Revolt breaks
out in Egypt, against Khedive Tewfik Pasha and European influence in
that country. ·
June 28 – The Anglo-French
Convention of 1882 is signed, marking territorial boundaries
between Guinea and Sierra Leone. ·
June 30 – U.S. presidential
assassin Charles J. Guiteau is
hanged in Washington, D.C. July–September[edit] ·
July 11–13 – Anglo-Egyptian War:
The British Mediterranean Fleet carries
out the Bombardment of
Alexandria, its forces capturing the city of Alexandria, Egypt, and securing the Suez Canal. ·
July 26 ·
Boers establish
the republic of Stellaland in
southern Africa. ·
Richard Wagner's opera Parsifal debuts, at the Bayreuth
Festspielhaus in Bavaria. ·
July 31 – The Hebrew Moshava of Rishon LeZion is founded. ·
August 3 – The U.S. Congress passes the 1882 Immigration Act. ·
August 5 – Standard Oil
of New Jersey is established. ·
August 18 – The Married
Women's Property Act 1882 receives royal assent in Britain;
it enables women to buy, own and sell property, and to keep their own
earnings. ·
August 20 – Pyotr Ilyich
Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture debuts in Moscow. ·
September 4 – Thomas Edison flips the switch to the
first commercial electrical power plant in the United States, lighting one
square mile of lower Manhattan.
This is considered by many as the day that begins the electrical age. ·
The
first United States Labor Day parade
is held in New York City. ·
Tottenham Hotspur
F.C. is founded (as Hotspur F.C.) in London. ·
Anglo-Egyptian War:
British troops occupy Cairo, and Egypt becomes a British protectorate. ·
Selwyn College,
Cambridge is founded after Queen Victoria grants a Charter of
Incorporation.
Photograph of the comet as seen from Cape Town by David Gill ·
September 18 – Great Comet of 1882:
Her Majesty's Astronomer at the Cape, David Gill, reports watching the comet
rise a few minutes before the Sun, describing it as "The nucleus was
then undoubtedly single, and certainly rather under than over 4″ in
diameter; in fact, as I have described it, it resembled very much a star of
the 1st magnitude seen by daylight." October–December[edit] ·
October 5 – The Society for Ethical
Culture of Chicago (the modern-day Ethical Humanist Society of Chicago) is
founded by Felix Adler. ·
October 14 – The University of
the Punjab is founded in modern-day Pakistan. ·
October 16 – The New
York, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad ("Nickel Plate
Road") runs its first trains over the entire system between Buffalo, New York,
and Chicago. Nine days later the Seney Syndicate sells the road to William Henry
Vanderbilt, for US$7.2 million. ·
November 14 – Franklin Leslie shoots Billy Claiborne dead, in the streets
of Tombstone, Arizona. ·
November 16 – The British Royal Navy's HMS Flirt destroys Abari
village in Niger. ·
December 6 – A transit of Venus,
the last until 2004, occurs. ·
December – Zikhron Ya'akov is founded in northern
Israel. Date unknown[edit] ·
Nikola Tesla claims this is when he
conceives the rotating magnetic
field principle, which he later uses to invent his induction motor. ·
The
first International
Polar Year, an international scientific program, begins. ·
Zulu king Cetshwayo kaMpande returns
to South Africa from England. ·
A
peace treaty is signed between Paraguay and Uruguay. ·
Pogroms in Southern Russia end. ·
The
British Chartered
Institute of Patent Agents (the modern-day Chartered
Institute of Patent Attorneys) is founded. ·
Redruth Mining School opens in Cornwall. ·
The Personal Liberty
League is established, to oppose the temperance
movement in the United States. ·
Carolyn Merrick is elected president of
the Woman's
Christian Temperance Union. ·
Édouard Manet exhibits his
painting A Bar at the
Folies-Bergère at the Paris Salon. ·
Founding
of the following sports clubs: ·
Albion Rovers F.C. (through
the amalgamation of two Coatbridge clubs, Albion and Rovers) in
the urban west of Scotland ·
Christchurch
Rangers, the earliest predecessor of Queens Park
Rangers F.C., in London. ·
Glentoran F.C. in Belfast in the north of Ireland. ·
Thames
Ditton Lawn Tennis Club, the oldest lawn tennis club still on its
original site, in the outer London suburbs. ·
Waterloo FC, a rugby union club, as Serpentine
on Merseyside in the north of England. Births[edit] January–March[edit]
·
Fan S. Noli, Albanian poet, political figure
(d. 1965) ·
Sam Rayburn, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1961) ·
January 12 – Milton Sills, American stage, film actor
(d. 1930) ·
Arnold Rothstein, American gangster
(d. 1928) ·
Noah Beery, American actor (d. 1946) ·
January 18 – A. A. Milne, British author (d. 1956) ·
January 20 – Johnny Torrio, Italian-born American
gangster (d. 1957) ·
January 22 – Theodore Kosloff, Russian-born actor
(d. 1956) ·
January 23 – Anna Abrikosova, Soviet Roman Catholic religious sister and
servant of God (d. 1936) ·
January 25 – Virginia Woolf, English writer (d. 1941) ·
Mary Boland, American actress (d. 1965) ·
Gengo Hyakutake, Japanese admiral (d. 1976) ·
Pascual Orozco, Mexican revolutionary
(d. 1915) ·
January 30 – Franklin D.
Roosevelt, 32nd President of the United States (d. 1945) ·
Fritz Leiber Sr.,
American stage, screen actor (d. 1949) ·
J. Homer Tutt, American vaudeville producer,
performer (d. 1951) ·
February 1 – Louis St. Laurent,
12th Prime Minister
of Canada (d. 1973) ·
Anne Bauchens, American film editor working
with Cecil B. DeMille (d. 1967) ·
James Joyce, Irish author (d. 1941) ·
February 4 – E. J. Pratt, Canadian poet (d. 1964) ·
February 5 – Louis Wagner,
French Grand Prix racer, aviator (d. 1960) ·
February 8 – Thomas Selfridge, United States Army
officer, first person killed in airplane crash (d. 1908) ·
February 11 – Valli Valli, German-born British actress
(d. 1927) ·
February 12 – Walter Nash, 27th Prime Minister of New
Zealand (d. 1968) ·
February 14 – George Jean Nathan,
American literary critic (d. 1958) ·
February 15 – John Barrymore, American actor (d. 1942) ·
February 22 – Eric Gill, English sculptor, writer
(d. 1940) ·
February 26 – Husband E. Kimmel,
American admiral (d. 1968) ·
Geraldine Farrar, American soprano (d. 1967) ·
Herbert Silberer, Austrian psychoanalyst
(d. 1923) ·
March 3 – Charles Ponzi, Italian-born American con man
(d. 1949) ·
March 6 – F. Burrall Hoffman,
American architect (d. 1980) ·
March 8 – Alfred A. Cunningham,
first United States Marine Corps aviator (d. 1939) ·
March 12 – Carlos Blanco
Galindo, 38th President of Bolivia (d. 1943) ·
March 14 ·
Wacław
Sierpiński, Polish mathematician (d. 1969) ·
Giuseppe Tellera, Italian general (d. 1941) ·
March 15 – James Lightbody, American middle distance
runner (d. 1953) ·
March 18 – Gian Francesco
Malipiero, Italian composer (d. 1973) ·
March 20 – René Coty, President of France (d. 1962) ·
March 22 – John W. Wilcox Jr.,
American admiral (d. 1942) ·
March 23 – Emmy Noether, German mathematician (d. 1935) ·
March 24 – George Monckton-Arundell, 8th Viscount Galway, English
politician, 5th Governor-General
of New Zealand (d. 1943) ·
March 26 – Hermann Obrecht, Swiss Federal Councilor
(d. 1940) ·
March 30 – Melanie Klein, Viennese child psychoanalyst
(d. 1960) April–June[edit]
·
April 7 – Kurt von Schleicher, Chancellor
of Germany (d. 1934) ·
April 17 – Artur Schnabel, Polish pianist (d. 1951) ·
April 18 ·
Isabel J. Cox, wife of Canadian prime
minister Arthur Meighen (d. 1985) ·
Leopold Stokowski,
English conductor (d. 1977) ·
Monteiro Lobato, Brazilian writer (d. 1948) ·
April 19 – Getúlio Vargas,
president of Brazil (d. 1954) ·
April 20 – Holland Smith, American general (d. 1967) ·
April 21 – Percy Williams
Bridgman, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1961) ·
April 24 – Hugh Dowding, commander of the RAF Fighter Command during
the Battle of Britain (d. 1970) ·
April 29 – H.N. Werkman, Dutch artist, printer
(d. 1945) ·
May 2 ·
Sophus Black, Danish telegraph manager and
art collector (d. 1960) ·
James F. Byrnes, American politician,
Secretary of State and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United
States (d. 1972) ·
May 5 ·
Sylvia Pankhurst, English suffragette
(d. 1960) ·
SirDouglas Mawson, Antarctic explorer (d. 1958) ·
May 6 – Crown
Prince Wilhelm of Germany, heir-apparent of Emperor Wilhelm II (d. 1951) ·
May 9 ·
Henry J. Kaiser, American industrialist
(d. 1967) ·
George Barker,
American painter (d. 1965) ·
May 13 – Georges Braque, French painter (d. 1963) ·
May 20 – Sigrid Undset, Norwegian writer, Nobel Prize laureate
(d. 1949) ·
May 23 – James Gleason, American actor, playwright,
and screenwriter (d. 1959) ·
May 25 – Marie Doro, American stage, silent film
actress (d. 1956) ·
May 26 – Roderick McMahon, American professional
boxing, wrestling promoter (d. 1954) ·
May 28 – Avery Hopwood, American playwright (d. 1928) ·
May 30 – Wyndham Halswelle,
British runner (d. 1915) ·
June 4 – Karl Valentin, German actor (d. 1948) ·
June 9 – Robert Kerr,
Canadian sprinter (d. 1963) ·
June 10 – Nevile Henderson, British diplomat (d. 1942) ·
June 12 – Roi Cooper Megrue,
American playwright (d. 1927) ·
June 15 – Ion Antonescu, Romanian prime minister,
dictator (d. 1946) ·
June 16 – Mohammad Mosaddegh,
Iranian politician, 35th Prime Minister of Iran (d. 1967) ·
June 17 ·
Igor Stravinsky, Russian composer (d. 1971) ·
Adolf Friedrich VI, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1918) ·
June 18 – Georgi Dimitrov, 32nd Prime Minister of
Bulgaria (d. 1949) ·
June 22 – Nikolai Cholodny, Russian microbiologist
(d. 1953) ·
June 28 – Valeska Suratt, American stage actress,
silent film star (d. 1962) ·
June 29 – Ole Singstad, Norwegian-American civil
engineer (d. 1969) July–September[edit]
·
July 1 – Bidhan Chandra Roy,
Indian physician and politician, Chief
Minister of West Bengal (d. 1962) ·
July 8 – Percy Grainger, Australian composer
(d. 1962) ·
July 10 – Ima Hogg, American society leader,
philanthropist, patron and collector of the arts (d. 1975) ·
July 16 – Edward Earle, Canadian-American actor
(d. 1972) ·
July 17 – James Somerville, British admiral (d. 1949) ·
July 22 – Edward Hopper, American painter (d. 1967) ·
July 24 – Lynn Thorndike, American historian of
medieval science and alchemy (d. 1965) ·
July 25 – George S. Rentz, United States Navy Chaplain, Navy Cross winner (d. 1942) ·
July 27 ·
Donald Crisp, English actor, film director,
screenwriter, and producer (d. 1974) ·
Geoffrey de
Havilland, British aviation pioneer, aircraft company founder (d. 1965) ·
July 31 ·
Itamar Ben-Avi, first native speaker
of Modern Hebrew (d. 1943). ·
August 11 – Rodolfo Graziani, Italian general (d. 1955) ·
August 14 – Gisela Richter, English art historian
(d. 1972) ·
August 16 – Christian Mortensen,
oldest verified male ever at the time of his death (d. 1998) ·
August 19 – MacGillivray Milne, United States Navy Captain, 27th Governor of
American Samoa (d. 1959) ·
Raymonde de Laroche,
French aviator, first woman to receive an aviator's license (d. 1919) ·
Madame de Meuron, famed Swiss noble lady,
eccentric from Bern (d. 1980) ·
August 25 – Seán T. O'Kelly,
second President of Ireland (d. 1966) ·
August 26 – James Franck, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964) ·
September 1 – Nicholas H. Heck, American geophysicist,
oceanographer, and surveyor (d. 1953) ·
September 10 – Károly Huszár,
25th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1941) ·
September 11 – William T. Bovie, American biophysicist,
inventor (d. 1958) ·
September 13 – Ramón Grau, Cuban president (d. 1969) ·
September 16 – Robert Hichens,
RMS Titanic quartermaster, man at the wheel when Titanic hit
the iceberg (d. 1940) ·
September 12 – Ion Agârbiceanu,
Romanian writer, journalist, politician and priest (d. 1963) ·
September 22 – Wilhelm Keitel, German field marshal
(d. 1946) ·
September 29 – Lilias Armstrong, English phonetician
(d. 1937) ·
George Bancroft,
American film actor (d. 1956) ·
Hans Geiger, German physicist (d. 1945) October–December[edit]
King Gustaf VI Adolf
of Sweden
·
October 2 – Boris Shaposhnikov,
Soviet military leader, Marshal of the Soviet Union (d. 1945) ·
October 3 – A. Y. Jackson, Canadian painter (d. 1974) ·
October 5 – Robert H. Goddard,
American rocket scientist (d. 1945) ·
October 6 – Karol Szymanowski,
Polish composer (d. 1937) ·
Éamon de Valera, Taoiseach and third President of Ireland (d. 1975) ·
Charlie Parker,
English cricketer (d. 1959) ·
October 17 – Giulio Gavotti, Italian aviator (d. 1939) ·
October 20 – Bela Lugosi, Hungarian-born actor (d. 1956) ·
October 24 – Sybil Thorndike, British stage, film actress
(d. 1976) ·
October 25 – Florence Easton, English opera soprano
(d. 1955) ·
William Halsey, Jr.,
American admiral (d. 1959) ·
Günther von Kluge,
German field marshal (d. 1944) ·
November 8 – Ethel Clayton, silent screen star (d. 1966) ·
November 11 – King Gustaf VI Adolf
of Sweden (d. 1973) ·
November 15 – Felix Frankfurter, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United
States (d. 1965) ·
Jacques Maritain, Catholic philosopher
(d. 1973) ·
Frances Gertrude
McGill, pioneering Canadian forensic pathologist (d. 1959) ·
November 20 – Ethel May Halls, American theatrical, film
actress (d. 1967) ·
November 22 – Leonie von
Meusebach–Zesch, American pioneer dentist (d. 1944) ·
Cattle Annie, American outlaw with Little Britches (d. 1978) ·
Henri Fabre, French inventor of the first
seaplane, the Fabre Hydravion (d. 1984) ·
Percy C. Mather, English Protestant
missionary (d. 1933) ·
Joaquín Turina,
Spanish composer (d. 1949) ·
Subramania Bharati,
Tamil Indian poet (d. 1921) ·
Max Born, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
(d. 1970) ·
December 12 – Ioannis Demestichas,
Greek admiral (d. 1960) ·
Zoltán Kodály,
Hungarian composer (d. 1967) ·
Jack Hobbs, English cricketer (d. 1963) ·
Walther Meissner, German technical physicist
(d. 1974) ·
December 18 – Richard Maury, American naturalized
Argentine engineer (d. 1950) ·
December 23 – Mokichi Okada, Japanese religious leader
(d. 1955) ·
December 28 – Arthur Eddington, English astronomer,
astrophysicist and mathematician (d. 1944) ·
December 29 – Raymond Stanton
Patton, American admiral, engineer and second Director of the United
States Coast and Geodetic Survey(d. 1937) ·
December 31 – Martin O'Meara, Australian soldier (d. 1935) Date Unknown[edit] ·
T. Sathasiva Iyer, Ceylon Tamil scholar, Tamil language writer (d. 1950) ·
Sediqeh Dowlatabadi,
Persian feminist, women's rights activist and journalist (d. 1961) Deaths[edit] January–June[edit]
·
January 7 – Ignacy
Łukasiewicz, Polish pharmacist, inventor of the first method
of distilling kerosene from seep oil, creator of the first oil lamp (b. 1822) ·
January 6 – Richard Henry
Dana, Jr., founder of Dana Point, California (b. 1815) ·
January 11 – Theodor Schwann, German physiologist
(b. 1810) ·
January 13 – Juraj Dobrila, Croatian bishop (b. 1812) ·
January 27 – Robert Christison,
Scottish toxicologist, physician (b. 1797) ·
February 5 – Elizabeth
Louisa Foster Mather, American writer (b. 1815) ·
February 6 – J.
J. McCarthy, Irish architect (b. 1817) ·
March 9 – Giovanni Lanza, Italian politician (b. 1810) ·
March 19 – Carl Robert Jakobson,
Estonian writer, politician, and teacher (b. 1841) ·
March 21 – Constantin Bosianu,
4th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1815) ·
March 23 – Gustavus H. Scott,
American admiral (b. 1812) ·
March 24 – Henry
Wadsworth Longfellow, American author (b. 1807) ·
April 3 – Jesse James, American Western outlaw
(b. 1847) ·
April 9 – Dante Gabriel
Rossetti, English poet, painter (b. 1828) ·
April 11 – John Lenthall,
American naval architect, shipbuilder (b. 1807) ·
April 12 – Henri Giffard, French balloonist, aviation
pioneer (b. 1825) ·
April 17 ·
George Jennings, English sanitary engineer
(b. 1801) ·
Antonio Fontanesi,
Italian painter (b. 1818) ·
April 19 – Charles Darwin, British naturalist (b. 1809) ·
April 25 – Johann Karl
Friedrich Zöllner, German astrophysicist (b. 1834) ·
April 27 – Ralph Waldo Emerson,
American philosopher, writer (b. 1803) ·
May 5 – John Rodgers, American admiral (b. 1812) ·
June 2 – Giuseppe Garibaldi,
Italian patriot (b. 1807) ·
June 3 – Christian Wilberg,
German painter (b. 1839) ·
June 25 ·
François Jouffroy,
French sculptor (b. 1806) ·
Mikhail Skobelev, Russian general (b. 1843) ·
June 30 ·
Alberto Henschel, German-Brazilian
photographer, businessman (b. 1827) ·
Charles J. Guiteau,
American preacher, writer, lawyer, assassin of James A. Garfield (executed)
(b. 1841) July–December[edit]
·
July 4 – Joseph Brackett, American Shaker religious
leader, composer (b. 1797) ·
July 7 – Mikhail Skobelev, Russian general (b. 1843) ·
July 16 – Mary Todd Lincoln, First
Lady of the United States (b. 1818) ·
July 20 – Fanny Parnell, Irish poet, founder of the
Ladies' Land League (b. 1848) ·
August 16 – Auguste-Alexandre
Ducrot, French general (b. 1817) ·
August 25 – Friedrich
Reinhold Kreutzwald, Estonian writer, physician (b. 1803) ·
August 31 – Pedro Luiz
Napoleão Chernoviz, Brazilian physician, writer and publisher
(b. 1812) ·
September 8 – Joseph Liouville, French mathematician
(b. 1809) ·
September 23 – Friedrich Wöhler,
German chemist (b. 1800) ·
September 16 – Edward Bouverie
Pusey, British churchman (b. 1800) ·
September 30 – José Milla y
Vidaurre, Guatemalan writer (b. 1822) ·
October 13 – Arthur de Gobineau,
French writer, demographist (b. 1816) ·
November 7 – Julius Hübner, German painter (b. 1806) ·
November 14 – Billy Claiborne, American gunfighter
(b. 1860) ·
December 3 – Archibald
Campbell Tait, Archbishop of
Canterbury (b. 1811) ·
Alfred Escher, Swiss politician, railroad
entrepreneur (b. 1819) ·
Louis Blanc, French politician, historian
(b. 1811) ·
Anthony Trollope, British novelist, postal
service official (b. 1815) ·
December 18 – Henry James, Sr., American theologian
(b. 1811) ·
December 21 – Francesco Hayez, Italian painter (b. 1791) ·
December 31 – Léon Gambetta, French statesman (b. 1838) Date unknown[edit] ·
Eugénie Luce, French educator (b. 1804)[7] References[edit] 1.
^ "Elektromote". Siemens
History. Siemens. Retrieved 2017-04-14. 2.
^ Whitten, David O.; Whitten, Bessie Emrick
(1990). Handbook of American Business History: Manufacturing. Greenwood
Publishing Group. p. 182. 3.
^ Grothe, Mardy (2009). Viva la Repartee.
HarperCollins. p. 34. 4.
^ Cooper, John. "Attribution of 'I have nothing to declare except
my genius'". Oscar Wilde
in America. Retrieved 2012-08-12. 5.
^ Johnson, John W. (2001). Historic U.S. Court
Cases. U.S.: Taylor & Francis. p. 54. 6.
^ Harris, Jack (1982-01-14). "The electricity of Holborn". New Scientist. London. 7.
^ "Luce Ben Aben School of Arab Embroidery I,
Algiers, Algeria". World Digital
Library. 1899. Retrieved 2013-09-26. External links[edit] |
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