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1900 (MCM) was an
exceptional common
year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and
a leap year
starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 1900th year of
the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the
900th year of the 2nd millennium,
the 100th and last year of the 19th century, and the 1st year of
the 1900s decade.
As of the start of 1900, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the
Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. As of March 1 (O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar
acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian
calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days
until February 28 (O.S. February 15), 2100. Contents · 1Events · 2Births · 3Deaths Events[edit] January[edit] Main article: January 1900 ·
January 2 – U.S. Secretary of
State John Hay announces
the Open Door Policy,
to promote American trade with China. ·
January 5 – Dr. Henry A. Rowland of Johns Hopkins
University announces a theory about the cause of the Earth's magnetism. ·
January 6 – Second Boer War: Boers attempt
to end the Siege of Ladysmith,
which leads to the Battle of Platrand. ·
January 9 – S.S. Lazio, an Italian professional sports club, is founded in Rome. ·
Puccini's opera Tosca premieres in Rome, Italy. ·
The U.S. Senate accepts the British-German Treaty of 1899,
in which the United Kingdom renounces its claims to the American Samoa portion of the Samoan Islands. Second Boer War: Boers at Spion Kop,
1900 ·
January 24 – Second Boer War – Battle of Spion Kop: Boer troops
defeat the British Army. Boxer Soldiers ·
January 27 – Boxer Rebellion: Foreign diplomats in Peking, Qing Dynasty China, demand that the
Boxer rebels be disciplined. ·
January 31 – Datu Muhammad Salleh,
leader of the Mat Salleh Rebellion in North Borneo, is shot dead in Tambunan. February[edit] Main article: February 1900 ·
February 5 – The United Kingdom and the
United States sign a treaty for the building of a Central American shipping canal, across
Central America in Nicaragua. ·
February 6 – The International
Arbitration Court at The Hague is
created, when the Netherlands' Senate ratifies an 1899 peace conference decree. ·
February 8 – Second Boer War: British troops are defeated
by the Boers at Ladysmith. ·
February 14 – Second Boer War – Battle of Paardeberg:
20,000 British troops invade the Orange Free State. ·
February 15 – Second Boer War: The Siege of Kimberley is
lifted. ·
February 17 – Second Boer War: Battle of Paardeberg:
British troops defeat the Boers. ·
FC Bayern,
Germany's most successful football club,
is founded in Munich. ·
Second Boer War: British military leaders
accept the unconditional notice of surrender, from Boer General Piet Cronjé. ·
The British Labour Party is
officially established, at a meeting in the Congregational
Memorial Hall in London. March[edit] Main article: March 1900 ·
March 5 – Two U.S. Navy cruisers are sent to Central America to
protect American interests, in a dispute between Nicaragua and Costa Rica. ·
March 6 – A coal mine explosion in West Virginia, U.S.A. kills 50 miners. ·
March 14 ·
Botanist Hugo de Vries rediscovers Mendel's Laws of
Heredity. ·
The Gold Standard Act is
ratified, placing the United States
currency on the gold standard.[1] ·
March 16 – British archaeologist
Sir Arthur Evans purchases
the land on Crete on which the ruins of the Palace
of Knossos stand. He begins to unearth
some of the palace three days later. ·
March 18 – AFC Ajax, a successful football club in
Netherlands, is founded in Amsterdam.[2] ·
March 27 – The arrival of a Russian naval fleet in Korea causes concern to the Imperial Japanese government. April[edit] Main article: April 1900 Exposition Universelle view in Paris ·
April 14 – The Exposition
Universelle, a world's fair, opens in Paris. ·
April 22 – Battle of Kousséri:
French forces secure their domination of Chad.
Warlord Rabih az-Zubayr is
defeated and killed. May[edit] Main article: May 1900 ·
May 1 – Scofield Mine
disaster: An explosion of blasting powder in a coal mine
in Scofield, Utah kills
200. ·
May 14 – The second Modern Olympic Games opens
in Paris (as part of the Paris World
Exhibition). ·
May 17 ·
Second Boer War: The British Army relieves
the Siege of Mafeking. ·
Boxer Rebellion: Boxers destroy three
villages near Peking, and kill 60 Chinese Christians. ·
L. Frank Baum's The Wonderful
Wizard of Oz is published in Chicago, the first of
Baum's Oz books,
chronicling the fictional Land of Oz for children. ·
May 18 – The United Kingdom proclaims
a protectorate over Tonga. ·
May 21 – Russia invades Manchuria. ·
May 24 – Second Boer War: The British annex the Orange Free State,
as the Orange River Colony. ·
May 28 – Boxer Rebellion: The Boxers attack Belgians,
in the Fengtai railway station. ·
May 29 – N'Djamena, the capital city of Chad, is founded as Fort-Lamy,
by French commander Émile Gentil. ·
May 31 – Boxer Rebellion: Peacekeepers from various
European countries arrive in China, where they join with Japanese forces. June[edit] Main article: June 1900 ·
June 1 – American temperance agitator Carrie Nation begins her crusade to
demolish saloons. ·
June 5 – Second Boer War: British soldiers take Pretoria. ·
June 14 – The Reichstag approves
a second law that allows the expansion of the Imperial German Navy ·
June 17 – Boxer Rebellion – Battle of
Dagu Forts: Naval forces of the Eight-Nation
Alliance capture the Taku Forts, on the Hai River estuary in China. ·
June 20 – Boxer Rebellion: Boxers gather about 20,000
people near Peking, and kill hundreds of European citizens,
including the German ambassador. ·
June 25 – The Taoist monk Wang Yuanlu discovers the Dunhuang manuscripts in
the Mogao Caves of Dunhuang, China, where they have been sealed
since the early 11th century. ·
June 27 – The London Underground's Central London
Railway opens. ·
June 30 – Hoboken Docks
fire: A wharf fire at the docks in Hoboken, New Jersey,
owned by the North German Lloyd Steamship
line, spreads to German passenger ships Saale, Main, and Bremen. The fire engulfs the
adjacent piers and nearby ships, killing 326 people. July 9: Australia, founded. July[edit] Main article: July 1900 ·
July 2 ·
The
first zeppelin flight is carried out
over Lake Constance,
near Friedrichshafen, Germany. ·
Jean Sibelius's tone poem Finlandia receives its première
with the Helsinki
Philharmonic Orchestra. ·
July 12 – German cruise liner SS Deutschland breaks
the record for the Blue Riband for
the first time, with an average speed of 22.4 knots (41.5 km/h). ·
July 23–25 – The First
Pan-African Conference is held in London. ·
July 29 – King Umberto I of Italy is
assassinated by Italian-born
anarchist Gaetano Bresci in Monza. August[edit] Main article: August 1900 ·
August 14 – Boxer Rebellion: An international contingent
of troops, under British command, invades Peking and frees the European hostages. September[edit] Main article: September 1900 ·
September 8 – The 1900 Galveston
hurricane kills about 6,000–12,000 people. ·
September 12 – Admiral Fredrik von Otter becomes Prime Minister
of Sweden. ·
September 13 – Philippine–American
War – Battle of Pulang
Lupa: Filipino resistance fighters defeat a detachment of American
soldiers. ·
September 17 – Philippine–American War
– Battle of Mabitac:
Filipinos under Juan Cailles defeat
the Americans, under Colonel Benjamin F. Cheatham. October[edit] ·
October 9 – The Cook Islands become a
territory of the United Kingdom. ·
October 19 – Max Planck discovers the law of
black-body radiation (Planck's law). ·
October 25 – The United Kingdom annexes
the Transvaal. November[edit] Main article: November 1900 ·
November 6 – U.S.
presidential election, 1900: William McKinley is re-elected
president, defeating William Jennings Bryan in a rematch. ·
November 29 – Herbert
Kitchener succeeds Frederick
Roberts as commander-in-chief of the British forces in South
Africa, and implements a scorched earthstrategy.[3] December[edit] Main article: December 1900 ·
December 14 – Max Planck announces his discovery of
the law of black body emission,
marking the birth of quantum physics. ·
December 19 – Hopetoun Blunder: The first Governor-General
of Australia John Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun, appoints Sir
William Lyne premier of the new state of New South Wales, but he is unable to
persuade other colonial politicians to join his government, and is forced to
resign. ·
December 27 – British human rights
activist Emily Hobhouse arrives
in Cape Town, South Africa. ·
December 31 – A large standing stone
at Stonehenge falls over, the most recent
time this has happened. December 2[edit] ·
Australasian
prospector Albert Fuller Ellis identifies phosphate deposits, on the Pacific Islands of Nauru and Banaba Island (Ocean Island). ·
In New Haven,
Connecticut, U.S., Louis Lassen of Louis' Lunch makes the first modern-day hamburger sandwich. ·
The
first Michelin Guide is
published in France. ·
Karl Landsteiner develops a system
of blood grouping. Births[edit] January[edit] ·
Paola Borboni, Italian film actress
(d. 1995) [4] ·
Xavier Cugat, Cuban bandleader (d. 1990) ·
Roger Maxwell,
English actor (d. 1971) ·
Lillian Rich, English silent film actress
(d. 1954) ·
Chiune Sugihara, Japanese diplomat, saved
Jewish WWII refugees (d. 1986) [5] ·
William Haines, American actor (d. 1973) ·
Mansaku Itami, Japanese film director (tuberculosis) (d. 1946) ·
Una Ledingham, British physician, known for
research on diabetes
in pregnancy (d. 1965) [6] ·
Maurice Jaubert, French composer, soldier
(wounded in combat) (d. 1940) ·
Ernst Neubach, Austrian screenwriter,
producer, and director (d. 1968) ·
James Bond,
American ornithologist (d. 1989) ·
William Young,
British World War I veteran (d. 2007) ·
George Magrill, American film actor
(d. 1952) ·
Yves Tanguy, French painter (d. 1955) ·
Queen Maria of Yugoslavia (1922-1934)
(d. 1961) [7] ·
John Sinclair,
American actor (d. 1945) ·
Emmanuel
d'Astier de La Vigerie, French journalist, politician (d. 1969) ·
Dorothy Adams, American character actress
(d. 1988) [8] ·
François de Menthon,
French politician, professor of law (d. 1984) ·
January 9 – Richard Halliburton,
American adventurer, writer (d. 1939) ·
January 10 – Jean Gehret, Swedish actor, director
(d. 1956) ·
Borden Chase, American writer (d. 1971) ·
Lloyd French, American director (heart disease) (d. 1950) ·
January 13 – Shimizugawa
Motokichi, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1967) ·
Kiku Amino, Japanese author, translator
(d. 1978) [9] ·
Edith Frank, German-Dutch mother of Anne Frank (d. 1945)[10] ·
January 18 – Wan Laiming, Chinese animator (d. 1997) ·
Dorothy Annan, English painter, potter, and
muralist (d. 1983) ·
Colin Clive, American actor (d. 1936) ·
Ernst Busch,
German singer, actor (d. 1980) ·
René Pellos, French artist (d. 1998) ·
January 23 – William Ifor Jones,
Welsh conductor, organist (d. 1988) ·
January 24 – Theodosius
Dobzhansky, Ukrainian geneticist, evolutionary biologist (d. 1975) ·
January 26 – Karl Ristenpart, German conductor (d. 1967) ·
January 27 – Hyman Rickover, American admiral (d. 1986) ·
January 28 – Rajagopala Tondaiman,
King of Pudukkottai (d. 1950) ·
January 30 – Martita Hunt, Argentine-born British actress
(d. 1969) [11] ·
January 31 – Betty Parsons, American artist, art dealer
and collector (d. 1982) [12] February[edit] ·
Anni Frind, German lyric soprano (d. 1987) [13] ·
Józef
Kowalski, Polish supercentenarian, one of the last surviving veterans of the Polish–Soviet War (d. 2013) ·
February 4 – Jacques Prévert,
French lyricist, author (d. 1977) ·
February 5 – Adlai Stevenson,
American politician (d. 1965) ·
Ellen Broe, Danish nurse, pioneer in nursing
education (d. 1994) [14] ·
Hans-Georg Gadamer,
German philosopher (d. 2002) ·
Jōsei Toda, Japanese educator, activist
(d. 1958) ·
Roger J. Traynor, American judge (d. 1983) ·
Vasily Chuikov, Marshal of the Soviet Union
during WWII (d. 1982) ·
February 13 – Barbara von
Annenkoff, Russian-born German film, stage actress (d. 1979) ·
February 21 – Jeanne Aubert, French singer, actress
(d. 1988) [15] ·
Luis Buñuel, Spanish film director (d. 1983) ·
February 24 – Irmgard Bartenieff,
German-American dancer, physical therapist, and leading pioneer of dance therapy (d. 1981) ·
Madame Satã, Brazilian drag performer,
capoeirista (d. 1976) ·
Richard M.
Hollingshead, Jr., American inventor of the drive-in theatre
(d. 1975) ·
Illa Martin, German dendrologist, botanist, conservationist, and
dentist (d. 1988) ·
February 26 – Halina Konopacka, Polish athlete (d. 1989) [16] ·
February 28 – Wolfram Hirth, German pilot, aircraft
designer (d. 1959) March[edit] ·
March 3 ·
Edna Best, British stage, film actress,
appeared on early television in 1938 (d. 1974) [17] ·
Ruby Dandridge, African-American film, radio
actress (d. 1987) [18] ·
March 4 – Herbert Biberman, American screenwriter,
film director (d. 1971) ·
March 5 ·
Lilli Jahn, German-Jewish doctor (d. 1944) [19] ·
Johanna Langefeld,
German guard, supervisor of three Nazi concentration camps (d. 1974) ·
March 7 ·
Lorimer Dods, Australian medical pioneer
(d. 1981) ·
Fritz London, German-Jewish physicist
(d. 1954) ·
March 8 ·
Henry Abel Smith, 17th Governor of
Queensland (d. 1993) ·
Howard Aiken, American computing pioneer
(d. 1973) ·
March 10 – Violet Brown, Jamican supercentenarian,
oldest Jamican ever (d. 2017) [20] ·
March 11 ·
Hanna Bergas, German teacher who helped
rescue Jewish children during WWII (d. 1987) ·
Alfredo Dinale, Italian Olympic cyclist
(d. 1976) ·
March 12 – Gustavo Rojas
Pinilla, 19th President of
Colombia (d. 1975) ·
March 13 ·
Queen Sālote Tupou
III of Tonga, (d. 1965) ·
Andrée Bosquet,
Belgian painter (d. 1980) [21] ·
Giorgos Seferis, Greek poet, recipient of
the Nobel Prize in
Literature (d. 1971) ·
March 16 – Mencha Karnicheva,
Macedonian revolutionary, assassin (d. 1964) [22] ·
March 19 ·
Carmen Carbonell, Spanish stage, film
actress (d. 1988) [23] ·
Frédéric
Joliot-Curie, French physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in
Chemistry (d. 1958) ·
March 20 – Amelia Chopitea
Villa, Bolivia's first female physician (d. 1942) [24] ·
March 26 – Angela Maria Autsch,
German nun, died in Auschwitz helping Jewish prisoners (d. 1941) [25] ·
March 23 – Erich Fromm, German-born psychologist,
philosopher (d. 1980) ·
March 29 ·
John McEwen, 18th Prime
Minister of Australia (d. 1980) ·
Oscar Elton Sette,
American fisheries scientist (d. 1972) ·
March 31 – Prince
Henry, Duke of Gloucester (d. 1974) April[edit] ·
April 1 – Stefanie Clausen, Danish Olympic diver
(d. 1981) [26] ·
April 2 – Roberto Arlt, Argentine writer (d. 1942) ·
April 3 ·
Camille Chamoun, 7th President of Lebanon
(d. 1987) ·
Albert Ingham, English mathematician
(d. 1967) ·
Albert Walsh, Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland (d. 1958) ·
April 5 ·
Josefina Passadori,
Argentinian writer and poet (d. 1987) ·
Spencer Tracy, American actor (d. 1967) ·
April 8 – Marie Byles, Australian solicitor (d. 1979) [27] ·
April 10 – Arnold Orville
Beckman, American chemist and investor (d. 2004) ·
April 11 – Sándor Márai,
Hungarian writer and journalist (d. 1989) ·
April 13 – Sorcha Boru, American potter, ceramic
sculptor (d. 2006) ·
April 16 ·
Polly Adler, Russian-American author, madam
(d. 1962) [28] ·
April 18 – Bertha Isaacs, Bahamian teacher, tennis
player, politician and women's rights activist (d. 1997) [29] ·
April 19 ·
Iracema de Alencar,
Brazilian film actress (d. 1978) ·
Rhea Silberta, Yiddish songwriter, singing
teacher (d. 1959) ·
April 21 – Hans Fritzsche, German Nazi official
(d. 1953) ·
April 22 – Nellie Beer, British politician, Lord Mayor
of Manchester (1966–67) (d. 1988) [30] ·
April 24 – Elizabeth Goudge, English writer (d. 1984) [31][32] ·
April 25 – Wolfgang Pauli, Austrian-born
physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
(d. 1958) ·
April 26 ·
Eva Aschoff, German bookbinder, calligrapher
(d. 1969) [33] ·
Charles Francis
Richter, American geophysicist, inventor (d. 1985) ·
April 27 – August Koern, Estonian statesman, diplomat
(d. 1989) ·
April 28 ·
Alice Berry, Australian activist (d. 1978) [34] ·
Maurice Thorez, French Communist leader
(d. 1964) ·
April 29 ·
Concha de Albornoz,
Spanish feminist, intellectual, exiled during the Spanish Civil War (d. 1972) ·
Amelia Best, Australian politician, one of
the first women elected to the Tasmanian
House of Assembly (d. 1979) [35] ·
April 30 – Cecily Lefort, English World War II heroine,
spy for the SOE (d. 1945) [36] May[edit] ·
May 1 – Ignazio Silone, Italian author (d. 1978) ·
May 2 – A. W. Lawrence, British leading authority on
classical sculpture and architecture (d. 1991) ·
May 5 ·
Helen Redfield, American geneticist
(d. 1988) [37] ·
Harold Tamblyn-Watts,
British cartoonist (d. 1999) ·
May 6 – Zheng Ji,
Chinese nutritionist, biochemist (d. 2010) ·
May 9 – Maria Malicka, Polish stage, film actress
(d. 1992) [38] ·
May 10 – Cecilia
Payne-Gaposchkin, British-American astronomer, astrophysicist
(d. 1979) [39] ·
May 11 – Thomas H. Robbins,
Jr., American admiral (d. 1972) ·
May 12 – Helene Weigel, Austrian actress (d. 1971) [40] ·
May 14 – Cai Chang, Chinese politician, women's
rights activist (d. 1990) [41] ·
May 15 – Ida Rhodes, American mathematician, pioneer
in computer programming (d. 1986) [42] ·
May 22 ·
Juan Arvizu, Mexican operatic tenor and
bolero vocalist (d. 1985) ·
Vina Bovy, Belgian operatic soprano
(d. 1983) ·
May 23 – Hans Frank, German Nazi official (d. 1946) ·
May 24 – Sonia Rosemary Keppel, British
baroness, grandmother of Camilla,
Duchess of Cornwall (d. 1986) [43] ·
May 26 – Karin Juel, Swedish singer, actor, and
writer (d. 1976) ·
May 27 ·
Lotte Toberentz, German overseer of the
Nazi Uckermark
concentration camp (d. unknown) [44] ·
Uładzimir
Žyłka, Belarusian poet (d. 1933) ·
May 28 – Tommy Ladnier, American jazz trumpeter
(d. 1939) ·
May 29 – David
Maxwell Fyfe, 1st Earl of Kilmuir, British politician, lawyer, and
judge (d. 1967) ·
May 31 – Lucile Godbold, American Olympic athlete
(d. 1981) [45] June[edit] Carmen
Polo, 1st Lady of Meirás ·
June 3 ·
Adelaide Ames, American astronomer (d. 1932) [46] ·
Rolland Fisher, American temperance activist
(d. 1982) ·
Leo Picard, German-born Israeli geologist
(d. 1997) ·
June 4 – George
Watkins, American baseball player (d. 1970) ·
June 5 – Dennis Gabor, Hungarian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
(d. 1979) ·
June 7 ·
Glen Gray, American saxophonist (d. 1963) ·
Frederick Terman, American electrical
engineer, professor (d. 1982) ·
June 8 – Lena Baker, African-American maid executed
for capital murder, later pardoned posthumously (d. 1945) [47] ·
June 11 ·
Leopoldo Marechal,
Argentine writer (d. 1970) ·
Carmen
Polo, 1st Lady of Meirás, widow of Francisco Franco (d. 1988) ·
June 14 ·
Ruth Nanda Anshen,
American writer, editor, and philosopher (d. 2003) [48] ·
June Walker, American stage, film actress
(d. 1966) ·
June 15 – Paul Mares, American jazz trumpeter
(d. 1949) ·
June 17 ·
Martin Bormann, German Nazi official
(d. 1945) ·
Evelyn Irons, Scottish journalist, war
correspondent (d. 2000) [49] ·
June 18 – Vlasta Vraz, Czech-American relief worker,
editor, and fundraiser (d. 1989) ·
June 21 – Choi
Yong-kun, North Korean general, defense minister (d. 1976) ·
June 22 ·
Russell Vis, American wrestler (d. 1990) ·
Henriette Alimen, French paleontologist,
geologist (d. 1996) [50] ·
June 23 – Blanche Noyes, American aviator, winner of
the 1936 Bendix Trophy Race (d. 1981) [51] ·
June 24 ·
Juan Carlos
Caballero Vega, Mexican revolutionary (d. 2010) ·
Raphael Lemkin, Polish-born international
lawyer (d. 1959) ·
Bernard D. H.
Tellegen, Dutch electrical engineer (d. 1990) ·
June 25 ·
Marta Abba, Italian actress (d. 1988) [52] ·
Zinaida Aksentyeva,
Ukrainian/Soviet astronomer (d. 1969) ·
Georgia Hale, American silent film actress,
real estate investor (d. 1985) [53] ·
Philip D'Arcy Hart,
British medical researcher, pioneer in tuberculosis treatment (d. 2006) ·
Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma,
born Prince Louis of Battenberg, English naval officer and last Viceroy of
India (d. 1979) ·
June 26 – John Benham,
British athlete (d. 1990) ·
June 27 – Dixie Brown, British boxer (d. 1957) ·
June 29 – Antoine de
Saint-Exupéry, French pilot, writer (d. 1944) ·
June 30 – Alf Ihlen, Norwegian industrialist (d. 2006) July[edit] ·
July 2 ·
Joe Bennett,
American baseball player (d. 1987) ·
Sophie Harris, English costume, scenic
designer for theatre and opera (d. 1966) ·
July 4 ·
Belinda Dann, indigenous Australian who was
one of the Stolen Generation,
reunited with family aged 107 (d. 2007) [54][55] ·
Robert Desnos, French poet (d. 1945) ·
Nellie Mae Rowe, African-American folk
artist (d. 1982) [56] ·
July 5 ·
Richard K. Webel, American landscape
architect (d. 2000) ·
Bernardus
Johannes Alfrink, Dutch cardinal (d. 1987) ·
Reed Howes, American model (d. 1964) ·
July 6 ·
Frederica Sagor Maas,
American playwright, essayist, and author (d. 2012) [57] ·
Paul Métivier, Canadian World War I veteran
(d. 2004) ·
Elfriede Wever, German Olympic runner
(d. 1941) ·
July 7 ·
Maria Bard, German stage, silent film
actress (d. 1944) ·
Frank W. Cyr, American educator, author
(d. 1995) ·
Earle E. Partridge,
American general (d. 1990) ·
July 9 – Joseph LaShelle, American cinematographer
(d. 1989) ·
July 10 – Evelyn Laye, English actress (d. 1996) [58] ·
July 11 – Lily Eberwein, Sarawakian nationalist, women's rights
activist (d. 1980) [59] ·
July 13 ·
Cornelius Keefe, American actor (d. 1972) ·
George Lewis,
American jazz clarinetist (d. 1968) ·
July 15 – Enrique Cadícamo,
Argentine tango lyricist, poet and novelist (d. 1999) ·
July 16 – Mumon Yamada, Japanese Rinzai religious
leader (d. 1988) ·
July 20 ·
Hunter Lane, American baseball player
(d. 1994) ·
July 21 – Isadora Bennett, American theatre manager,
modern dance publicity agent (d. 1980) ·
July 23 ·
Julia Davis Adams,
American author, journalist (d. 1993) [60] ·
John Babcock, last surviving Canadian World
War I veteran (d. 2010) ·
Inger Margrethe
Boberg, Danish folklore researcher, writer (d. 1957) [61] ·
Prince Kaya
Tsunenori (d. 1978) ·
July 26 – Sarah Kafrit, Israeli politician, teacher
(d. 1983) [62] ·
July 28 – Lady Dorothy
Macmillan, Spouse of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
(d. 1966) ·
July 29 ·
Mary V. Austin, Australian community worker,
political activist (d. 1986) [63] ·
Eyvind Johnson, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate
(d. 1976) ·
Teresa Noce, Italian labor leader, activist,
and journalist (d. 1980) [64] August[edit] Queen
Elizabeth The Queen Mother ·
August 3 – Ernie Pyle, American journalist (d. 1945) ·
August 4 ·
Arturo Umberto Illia,
34th President of
Argentina (d. 1983) ·
Queen
Elizabeth The Queen Mother, queen consort of George VI; d. 2002) [65] ·
Nabi Tajima, Japanese supercentenarian,
oldest Japanese ever, last surviving person born in the 19th century [66] (d. 2018) ·
August 6 – Cecil Howard Green,
British-born geophysicist, businessman (d. 2003) ·
August 8 – Alexis Minotis, Greek actor, stage director
(d. 1990) ·
August 9 – Charles Farrell, American actor (d. 1990) ·
August 10 – Arthur Espie Porritt,
New Zealand politician, athlete (d. 1994) ·
Philip
Phillips, American archaeologist (d. 1994) ·
Alexander Mosolov,
Russian composer (d. 1973) ·
Margret Boveri, German journalist, recipient
of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (d. 1975) [67] ·
Benita von
Falkenhayn, German baroness, spy for the Second Polish
Republic pre-WWII (d. 1935) ·
August 15 – Estelle Brody, American silent film actress
(d. 1995) [68] ·
August 16 – Ida Browne, Australian geologist,
palaeontologist (d. 1976) [69] ·
Mary Paik Lee, Korean-American writer
(d. 1995)[70] ·
Vivienne de
Watteville, British travel writer and adventurer (d. 1957) [71] ·
Glenn Albert Black,
American archaeologist (d. 1964) ·
Ruth Norman, American religious leader
(d. 1993) [72] ·
Colleen Moore, American actress (d. 1988) [73] ·
Gilbert Ryle, British philosopher (d. 1976) ·
Dorothy Burr Thompson,
American archaeologist, art historian (d. 2001) [74] ·
Lisy Fischer, Swiss-born pianist, child
prodigy (d. 1999) [75] ·
Sergey Ozhegov, Russian lexicographer
(d. 1964) ·
Frances Adaskin, Canadian pianist (d. 2001) [76] ·
Ernst Krenek, Austrian-American composer
(d. 1991) ·
Isobel Hogg Kerr
Beattie, Scottish architect (d. 1970) [77] ·
Sir Hans Adolf Krebs, German physician,
biochemist and recipient of the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1981) ·
Margaret Utinsky, American nurse, recipient
of the Medal of Freedom (d. 1970) [78] ·
Hellmuth Walter, German engineer, inventor
(d. 1980) September[edit] ·
September 3 – Urho Kekkonen, 8th President of Finland (d. 1986) ·
September 5 – Grace Eldering, American public health
scientist, co-developed vaccine for whooping cough (d. 1988)[79] ·
September 6 – W. A. C. Bennett, Canadian politician
(d. 1979) ·
September 8 – Tilly Devine, English-Australian organised
crime boss (d. 1970) [80] ·
September 11– Jimmy Brain, English footballer (d. 1971) ·
September 12 – Eric Thiman, English composer (d. 1975) ·
J. Willard Marriott,
American entrepreneur and founder of Marriott
International (d. 1985) ·
Lena Frances Edwards,
African-American physician, awarded the Presidential
Medal of Freedom (d. 1986) [81] ·
Martha Ostenso, Canadian screenwriter,
novelist (d. 1963) [82] ·
Hedwig Ross, New Zealand-born educator, political
activist and founding member of the Communist
Party of New Zealand (d. 1971) [83] ·
Thomas Darden, American rear admiral,
37th Governor of
American Samoa (d. 1961) ·
Seewoosagur
Ramgoolam, 1st Prime Minister of Mauritius (d. 1985) ·
September 20 – Uuno Klami, Finnish composer (d. 1961) ·
September 22 – Paul Hugh Emmett, American chemical engineer
(d. 1985) ·
September 23 – Louise Nevelson, Ukrainian-born American
sculptor (d. 1988) ·
September 26 – Suzanne Belperron,
French jewellery designer (d. 1983) [84] ·
September 28 – Isabel Pell, American socialite, fought as
part of the French Resistance during
WWII (d. 1951) ·
Miguel Alemán Valdés,
46th President of Mexico (d. 1983) ·
Auguste van Pels, German-Dutch mother of
Peter van Pels, housemate of Anne Frank (d. 1945) October[edit] ·
October 1 – Tom Goddard, English cricketer (d. 1966) ·
October 2 – Olive Ann Alcorn, American dancer, model,
and silent film actress (d. 1975) [85] ·
Bing Xin, Chinese author, poet, known for
her contributions to children's literature (d. 1999) [86] ·
Margherita Bontade,
Italian politician (d. 1992) [87] ·
Vivion Brewer, American activist,
desegregationist (d. 1991) [88] ·
Stan Nichols, English cricketer (d. 1961) ·
October 7 – Heinrich Himmler, German Nazi official, SS
head (d. 1945) ·
Frederick
Moosbrugger, American admiral (d. 1974) ·
Frank O'Grady, Australian public servant
(d. 1981) ·
October 10 – Helen Hayes, American actress (d. 1993) [89] ·
October 16 – Edward Ardizzone, English painter,
printmaker and author (d. 1979) ·
C. C. van Asch
van Wijck, Dutch artist, sculptor (d. 1932) ·
Jean Arthur, American actress (d. 1991) [90] ·
Sarah Bavly, Dutch-Israeli nutritionist,
author and educator (d. 1993) [91] ·
Evelyn Berckman, American author, known for
her detective and Gothic horror novels (d. 1978) [92][93] ·
Erna Berger, German coloratura lyric soprano
(d. 1990) ·
Bill Ponsford, Australian cricketer
(d. 1991) ·
October 20 – Ismail al-Azhari, 2nd Prime Minister of
Sudan, 3rd President of Sudan (d. 1969) ·
Andrée Boisson,
French Olympic fencer (d. 1973) ·
Princess
Mother Srinagarindra of
Thailand (d. 1995) ·
Ibrahim Abboud, 4th Prime Minister, 1st
President of Sudan (d. 1983) ·
Karin Boye, Swedish poet, novelist, known
for her dystopian sci-fi novel Kallocain (d. 1941) [94] ·
October 30 – Ragnar Granit, Finnish neuroscientist,
recipient of the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1991) ·
October 31 – Asbjørg Borgfelt,
Norwegian sculptor (d. 1976) November[edit] ·
November 2 – Carola Neher, German actress and singer
(d. 1942) ·
November 4 – Lucrețiu
Pătrășcanu, Romanian communist activist,
sociologist (d. 1954) ·
Martin Dies Jr., American politician
(d. 1972) ·
Natalie Schafer, American actress (d. 1991) ·
Ethelwynn Trewavas,
British ichthyologist,
over a dozen fish species named in her honor (d. 1993) [95] ·
Ida Lou Anderson, American orator, professor
and radio broadcasting pioneer (d. 1941) [96] ·
Hugh Prosser, American actor (d. 1952) ·
Charley Paddock, American athlete (d. 1943) ·
Margaret Mitchell,
American writer (Gone With The Wind) (d. 1949) [97] ·
Maria Babanova, Russian stage, film actress
(d. 1983) ·
Frederick Lawton, 9th Director of the Office of Management and Budget (d. 1975) ·
November 13 – David Marshall
Williams, American inventor (d. 1975) ·
November 14 – Aaron Copland, American composer (d. 1990) ·
Eliška Junková,
Czechoslovakian automobile racer (d. 1994) [98] ·
Nikolai Pogodin, Soviet playwright (d. 1962) ·
Florieda Batson, American hurdler, captain
of the United States team at the 1922 Women's
Olympics (d. 1996) ·
Helen Bradley, English painter (d. 1979) [99] ·
November 21 – Bettina Warburg, German-American
psychiatrist, professor (d. 1990) ·
November 22 – Tom Macdonald,
Welsh journalist, novelist (d. 1980) ·
November 25 – Rudolf Höß, German Nazi official (d. 1947) ·
November 26 – Anna Maurizio, Swiss biologist, known for
her study of bees (d. 1993) [100] ·
November 27 – Jovette Bernier, Canadian journalist,
author, and radio show host (d. 1981) [101] ·
November 28 – Mary Bothwell, Canadian classical vocalist,
painter (d. 1985) [102] ·
Mildred Gillars, American broadcaster (Axis
Sally), employed by Nazi Germany to disseminate propaganda during WWII
(d. 1988) [103] ·
Håkan Malmrot, Swedish swimmer (d. 1987) ·
November 30 – Luigi Stipa, Italian aeronautical,
hydraulic, and civil engineer and aircraft designer (d. 1992) December[edit] ·
Elisa
Godínez Gómez de Batista, First Lady of Cuba (1940-1944) (d. 1993) ·
Herta Hammerbacher,
German landscape architect, professor (d. 1985) [104] ·
Karna Maria
Birmingham, Australian artist, illustrator and print maker
(d. 1987) [105] ·
Ulrich Inderbinen,
Swiss mountain guide (d. 2004) ·
Richard Kuhn, Austrian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
(d. 1967) ·
December 4 – John Axon, British railwayman (d. 1957) ·
December 6 – Agnes Moorehead, American actress, best
known for her role in Bewitched (d. 1974) [106] ·
Kateryna
Vasylivna Bilokur, Ukrainian folk artist (d. 1961) [107] ·
Christian Matras,
Faroese linguist, poet (d. 1988) ·
December 10 – Dominic Costa, Australian politician
(d. 1976) ·
December 11 – Hermína Týrlová,
Czechoslovakian animator, screenwriter, and film director (d. 1993) [108] ·
December 12 – Sammy Davis Sr., American dancer (d. 1988) ·
December 16 – Rudolf Diels, German Nazi civil servant,
Gestapo chief (d. 1957) ·
Mary Cartwright, British mathematician, one
of the first people to analyze a dynamical system with chaos (d. 1998) [109] ·
Katina Paxinou, Greek actress (d. 1973) [110] ·
December 19 – Margaret Brundage,
American illustrator, known for illustrating the pulp magazine Weird Tales (d. 1976) [111] ·
Lissy Arna, German film actress (d. 1964) ·
Marinus
van der Goes van Naters, Dutch politician (d. 2005) ·
Alan Bush, British composer, pianist and
conductor (d. 1995) ·
Ofelia Uribe de
Acosta, Colombian author, editor, and suffragist (d. 1988) [112] ·
Merle Barwis, American-Canadian
supercentenarian (d. 2014) [66] ·
Marie Bell, French actress, stage director
(d. 1985) ·
José de León Toral,
assassin of Mexican President Álvaro Obregón (d. 1929) ·
Joey Smallwood, former premier of
Newfoundland (d. 1991) ·
Hussein Al Oweini,
18th Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. 1971) ·
Hawayo Takata, Japanese-American teacher,
master practitioner of Reiki (d. 1980) ·
December 25 – Antoni Zygmund, Polish mathematician
(d. 1992) ·
December 26 – Evelyn Bark, leading member of the British Red Cross,
first female recipient of the CMG (d. 1993) [113] Date Unknown[edit] ·
Robina Addis, early British professional
psychiatric social worker (d. 1986) [114] ·
Virginia M.
Alexander, African-American physician (d. 1949) [115] ·
Margaret Altmann, German-American biologist,
specialist in animal husbandry and psychobiology (d. 1984) [116] ·
Juanita Ángeles,
Filipina silent film actress (d. unknown) ·
Hattie Moseley
Austin, African-American entrepreneur, restaurateur (d. 1998) [117] ·
Louella Ballerino,
American fashion designer, known for her work in sportswear (d. 1978) [118] ·
Natalya Bilikhodze,
Russian Romanov impostor who
falsely claimed to be Grand
Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 2000) [119] ·
Ruth Bonner, Soviet Communist activist,
sentenced to labor camp during Joseph Stalin's Great Purge (d. 1987)[120][121] ·
Anna
Borkowska (Sister Bertranda), Polish nun, prioress who hid 17 Jews
in her monastery during WWII (d. 1988) ·
Grace Hartman,
Canadian social activist, politician, and first female mayor of Sudbury, Ontario (d. 1998) [122] ·
Elisabeth
Inglis-Jones, Welsh novelist, biographer (d. 1994) ·
Bella Raey, English footballer (d. unknown) ·
Saira
Elizabeth Luiza Shah, Scottish writer (d. 1960) ·
Virginia
Frances Sterrett, American artist, illustrator (d. 1931) [123] ·
Yung Fung-shee, Hong Kong philanthropist (d. 1972) Deaths[edit] January–June[edit] ·
January 5 – William A. Hammond,
American military physician, neurologist, and 11th Surgeon General of the
United States Army (1862–1864) (b. 1828) ·
January 16 – S. M. I. Henry, American evangelist
(b. 1839) ·
January 20 – John Ruskin, English writer, artist, and
social critic (b. 1819) ·
January 21 – Francis, Duke of
Teck (b. 1837) ·
January 31 – John
Douglas, 9th Marquess of Queensberry, Scottish nobleman, boxer
(b. 1844) ·
February 6 – Sir William Wilson
Hunter, Scottish historian, civil servant and academic
administrator (b. 1840) ·
February 18 – Clinton L. Merriam,
American politician (b. 1824) ·
February 23 – William Butterfield,
British architect (b. 1814) ·
March 6 ·
Carl Bechstein, German piano maker (b. 1826) ·
Gottlieb Daimler, German inventor, automotive
pioneer (b. 1834) ·
March 10 – Johan Peter
Emilius Hartmann, Danish composer (b. 1805) ·
March 14 – Lucinda Hinsdale
Stone, American feminist (b. 1814) ·
March 18 – Hjalmar Kiærskou,
Danish botanist (b. 1835) ·
March 28 – Piet Joubert, Boer politician, military
commander (b. 1834) ·
March 29 – Cyrus K. Holliday,
cofounder of Topeka, Kansas,
1st president of the Atchison,
Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (b. 1826) ·
April 2 – Gustaf Åkerhielm,
6th Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1833) ·
April 5 ·
Joseph
Louis François Bertrand, French mathematician (b. 1822) ·
Osman Nuri Pasha, Ottoman military leader
(b. 1832) ·
April 12 – James Richard Cocke,
American physician, homeopath, and pioneer hypnotherapist (b. 1863) ·
April 17 – George Curry,
Wild West robber (Wild Bunch) (shot) (b. 1871) ·
April 19 – James Dawson,
Australian activist (b. 1806) ·
April 22 – Amédée-François Lamy,
French soldier (b. 1858) (killed in battle) ·
April 24 – George
Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll, British politician (b. 1823) ·
April 30 – Casey Jones, American railway engineer
(b. 1863) ·
May 1 – Mihály Munkácsy,
Hungarian painter (b. 1844) ·
May 9 – Carit Etlar (Carl Brosbøll), Danish author
(b. 1816) ·
May 18 – Félix
Ravaisson-Mollien, French philosopher (b. 1813) ·
May 28 – Sir George Grove, English music writer (b. 1820) ·
June 2 ·
Samori Ture, West African empire-builder
(b. 1830) ·
Clarence Cook, American critic and writer
(b. 1828) ·
June 3 ·
Mary Kingsley, English explorer, writer
(b. 1862) [124] ·
Alzina Stevens, American labor leader
(b. 1849) ·
June 5 – Stephen Crane, American author (b. 1871) ·
June 11 – Belle Boyd, American Confederate spy,
actress (b. 1843) ·
June 19 – Princess
Josephine of Baden (b. 1813) July–December[edit] Saint Gregorio Grassi King Umberto I ·
July 5 – Henry Barnard, American educationalist
(b. 1811) ·
July 8 – Henry D. Cogswell,
American philanthropist (b. 1820) ·
July 9 – Gregorio Grassi, Italian Franciscan friar, Roman Catholic martyr and saint
(b. 1833) ·
July 26 – Nicolae
Crețulescu, 2-time Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1812) ·
July 29 – King Umberto I of Italy (assassinated)
(b. 1844) ·
July 31 – Alfred,
Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, second son of Queen Victoria
(b. 1844) ·
August 1 – Rafael Molina
Sanchez, Spanish bullfighter (b. 1841) ·
August 4 – Étienne Lenoir,
Belgian engineer (b. 1822) ·
August 6 – Esther Tuttle
Pritchard, American missionary (b. 1840) ·
August 7 – Wilhelm Liebknecht,
German Social Democratic politician (b. 1826) ·
August 8 – József Szlávy,
6th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1818) ·
August 10 – Charles
Russell, Baron Russell of Killowen, Lord Chief Justice of England
(b. 1832) ·
August 12 – Wilhelm Steinitz, Austrian-born chess
player, first undisputed World Champion (b. 1836) ·
August 13 – Vladimir
Solovyov, Russian philosopher and poet (b. 1853) ·
August 16 – José Maria
de Eça de Queirós, Portuguese writer (b. 1845) ·
August 23 – Kuroda Kiyotaka, Japanese politician,
2nd Prime Minister of
Japan (b. 1840) ·
August 25 – Friedrich Nietzsche,
German philosopher, writer (b. 1844) ·
September 5 – Arthur Sewall, American politician,
industrialist (b. 1835) ·
September 19 – Belle Archer, American actress (b. 1859) ·
William Marsh Rice,
American philanthropist, university founder (b. 1816) ·
Arsenio
Martínez-Campos y Antón, Spanish revolutionary (b. 1831) ·
September 27 – Albert Bernhard
Frank, German botanist, mycologist (b. 1839) ·
September 29 – Samuel Fenton Cary,
American politician (b. 1814) ·
October 15 – Zdeněk Fibich, Czech composer (b. 1850) ·
October 19 – Sir Roderick Cameron, Canadian shipping
magnate (b. 1825) ·
October 20 – Charles Dudley
Warner, American writer (b. 1829) ·
October 22 – John Sherman, American politician (b.1823) ·
October 28 – Max Müller, German philologist, Orientalist
(b. 1823) ·
November 11 – Frances
Griswold, pen name "Fan-Fan",
American author of Sunday school tales (b. 1826) ·
November 22 – Sir Arthur Sullivan, English composer
(b. 1842) ·
November 26 – Méry Laurent, French artist's muse, model
(b. 1849) ·
November 30 – Oscar Wilde, Irish writer (b. 1854) ·
December 4 – Aquileo Parra, 11th President of
Colombia (b. 1825) ·
December 14 – Paddy Ryan, Irish-American boxer, former
world's heavyweight champion (b. 1851) ·
December 20 – Florence
Carpenter Ives, American journalist (b. 1854) ·
December 21 – Leonhard
Graf von Blumenthal, Prussian field marshal (b. 1810) ·
December 29 – John Henry Leech, English entomologist
(b. 1862) ·
December 31 – José Plácido Caamaño,
12th President of Ecuador (b. 1837) ·
undated – Lin Hei'er, Chinese rebel World population[edit] ·
World
population: 1,640,000,000 ·
Africa:
133,000,000 ·
Asia:
947,000,000 ·
Japan:
c. 45,000,000 ·
Europe:
408,000,000 ·
Latin
America: 74,000,000 ·
Northern
America: 82,000,000 ·
Oceania:
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Britannica. Retrieved 2017-10-22. Further reading[edit] ·
Appletons'
annual cyclopaedia and register of important events...1900 (1901), vast compendium of data;
global coverage online edition ·
Gilbert,
Martin. A History of the Twentieth Century 1900-1933, Vol. 1 (1997)
pp 7–35; global coverage of politics, diplomacy and warfare. ·
Herbert
C. Fyfe, Pearson's Magazine,
July 1900: "How Will The World End?" |
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