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1944 (MCMXLIV) was
a leap year starting
on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar,
the 1944th year of the Common Era (CE)
and Anno Domini (AD)
designations, the 944th year of the 2nd millennium, the 44th year of
the 20th century,
and the 5th year of the 1940s decade. Contents · 1Events · 2Births · 3Deaths Events[edit] Below, events of World War II have the "WWII"
suffix. January[edit]
US Army troops landing at Anzioduring Operation Shingle,
late January 1944. ·
January 2 WWII: ·
Free French General Jean de Lattre
de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B,
part of the Sixth
United States Army Group in North Africa. ·
Landing at Saidor:
13,000 US and Australian troops land on Papua New Guinea in an attempt to cut
off a Japanese retreat. ·
January 8 WWII: Philippine
Commonwealth troops enter the province of Ilocos Sur in northern Luzon and attack Japanese forces. ·
President
of the United States Franklin D.
Roosevelt proposes a Second Bill of
Rights for social and economic security in his State of the Union address. ·
The
Nazi German administration expands Krakσw-Płaszσw
concentration camp into the larger standalone Konzentrationslager
Plaszow bei Krakau. ·
January 12 WWII: Winston Churchill and Charles de Gaulle begin
a 2-day conference in Marrakech. ·
January 14 WWII: Soviet troops start
the offensive at Leningrad and Novgorod. ·
WWII:
The 27th
Polish Home Army Infantry Division is re-created, marking the
start of Operation Tempest by
the Polish Home Army. ·
1944 San Juan
earthquake: An earthquake hits San Juan, Argentina,
killing an estimated 10,000 people in the worst natural disaster in
Argentina's history. ·
January 17 WWII: ·
The Battle of Monte
Cassino begins in Italy. British forces cross the Garigliano river. U.S. Fifth Army troops
commanded by Lieutenant-General Mark W. Clark arrive at the Garigliano
to begin their attack against the Gustav Line south of Rome. The French
Expeditionary Corps under command of General Alphonse Juin moves into the mountains
north of Monte Cassino.[1] ·
The Soviet Union ceases production of
the MosinNagant 1891/30 sniper rifle. ·
Meat
rationing ends in Australia. ·
January 20 WWII: ·
The Royal Air Force drops 2,300 tons of
bombs on Berlin. ·
The United
States 36th Infantry Division in Italy attempts to cross
the Rapido river. ·
January 22 WWII: Operation Shingle:
The Allies begin
the assault on Anzio, Italy. The U.S.
45th Infantry Divisionstand their ground at Anzio against violent
assaults for four months. ·
January 27 WWII: ·
Two-year Siege of Leningrad is
lifted. ·
Light cruiser HMS Spartan is sunk by
a Henschel Hs 293 guided missile from a German aircraft
off Anzio, western Italy, with the loss of 46
men. ·
January 30 WWII: ·
The Battle of Cisterna opens
as United States
Army Rangers attempt to break out of the Anzio beachhead. ·
United
States troops invade Majuro, Marshall
Islands. ·
January 31 WWII: Battle of Kwajalein:
American forces land on Kwajalein Atoll and other islands in
the Japanese-held Marshall Islands. February[edit]
The Abbey of Monte Cassino in ruins after
being destroyed by
Allied bombing, February 1944. ·
February 1 WWII: Pacific War United
States troops land in the Marshall Islands. ·
February 2 The first issue of Human Events is published in
Washington, D.C. ·
February 3 WWII: United States troops
capture the Marshall Islands. ·
February 7 WWII: At Anzio, German forces launch a
counteroffensive. ·
February 8 WWII: ·
2,765
drown when USS Snook torpedoes Lima Maru.[2] ·
2,670
drown when HMS Sportsman torpedoes Petrella.[3] ·
February 14 WWII: An anti-Japanese
revolt breaks out on Java. ·
February 15 WWII Battle of Monte
Cassino: The monastery atop Monte Cassino is destroyed by Allied
bombing. ·
February 17 WWII: Pacific War The Battle of Eniwetok begins
when U.S. forces invade the atoll in the Marshall Islands. ·
February 18 WWII: light cruiser HMS Penelope is
torpedoed and sunk by U-410.
417 of her crew, including the captain, go down with the ship; 206 survive. ·
February 20 WWII: ·
The
"Big Week" begins with American bomber raids on German aircraft
manufacturing centers. ·
The
United States takes Eniwetok Atoll. ·
February 22 United
States Strategic Air Forces in Europe organized from the
Eighth Air Force's strategic planning staff; subsuming strategic planning for
all US Army Air Forces in
Europe and Africa. ·
February 23 WWII: ·
The Chechen and Ingush are forcibly
deported to Central Asia. ·
Battle of Eniwetok concludes
when U.S. forces secure the last islands in the Eniwetok Atoll. ·
February 24 WWII: 7,998 drown
when USS Rasher torpedoes Ryūsei Maru and Tango Maru.[4] ·
Kurt Gerron begins shooting the Nazi propaganda film, Theresienstadt in Theresienstadt
concentration camp. He and many others who featured in it are
transferred to Auschwitz and
gassed upon the film's completion. ·
First
woman appointed to the substantive rank of captain in the United
States Navy Nurse Corps, Sue S. Dauser. ·
February 29 WWII: Pacific War Admiralty
Islands campaign (Operation Brewer) opens when U.S. forces
land on Los Negros Island in
the Admiralty Islands. March[edit]
The March 1944 eruption of Mount Vesuvius. ·
March
Austrian-born economist Friedrich Hayek publishes his
book The Road to Serfdom in
London. ·
March 1 WWII: ·
An
anti-fascist strike begins in northern Italy. ·
2,495
drown when USS Trout torpedoes Sakito Maru.[5] ·
March 2 ·
Balvano train
disaster: A train stalls inside a railway tunnel outside Salerno, Italy; 521 choke to death. ·
The 16th Academy Awards ceremony
is held, the first Oscar ceremony held at a large public venue, Grauman's
Chinese Theatre in Hollywood. Casablanca (directed
by Michael Curtiz),
wins the Best
Picture award. ·
March 3 WWII: The Order of Nakhimov and
the Order of Ushakov are
instituted in the USSR. ·
March 4 In Ossining,
New York, Louis Buchalter, the leader of 1930s crime syndicate Murder, Inc., is executed at Sing Sing, along with Emanuel Weiss and Louis Capone. ·
March 6 WWII: Soviet Army planes
attack Narva, Estonia, destroying almost the entire
baroque old town. ·
March 9 WWII: Soviet Army
planes attack Tallinn, Estonia, killing 757 and leaving 25,000
homeless. ·
March 10 ·
In
Britain, the prohibition on married women working as teachers is lifted.[6] ·
Resistance
leader Joop Westerweel is
arrested while returning to the Netherlands having escorted a group of Jewish
children to safety in Spain. ·
March 12 WWII: the Political
Committee of National Liberation is created in Greece. ·
March 15 ·
WWII: Battle of Monte
Cassino: Allied aircraft
bomb the monastery and an assault is staged. ·
WWII:
The National Council of the French Resistance approves
the Resistance programme. ·
Soviet Union has introduced new
anthem, replacing The Internationale. ·
In Sweden, the 1864 law which had criminalized
homosexuality is abolished. ·
March 18 ·
The
last eruption of Mount Vesuvius in
Italy kills 26 and causes thousands to flee their homes. ·
WWII:
The Nazis execute almost 400 prisoners, Soviet citizens and anti-fascist Romanians at Rξbnița. ·
March 19 WWII: German forces occupy
Hungary in Operation Margarethe. ·
March 20 WWII: ·
Landing on Emirau:
4,000 United States
Marines land on Emirau Island in the Bismarck Archipelago to
develop an airbase as part of Operation Cartwheel. ·
British Royal Air Force Flight Sergeant Nicholas Alkemade's
bomber is hit over Germany and he has to bail out without a parachute from a height of over 4,000
meters (13,123 ft). Tree branches interrupt his fall and he lands safely
on deep snow. ·
March 23 WWII: Members of the Italian Resistance attack Nazis marching in Via Rasella, killing
33. ·
March 24 WWII: ·
Ardeatine massacre:
335 Italians are killed, including 75 Jews and over 200 members of the Italian Resistance from
various groups, in Rome. ·
In
the Polish village of Markowa, German police
kill Jσzef and Wiktoria Ulm, their six children and eight Jews they were
hiding. ·
The "Great
Escape": 76 Royal Air Force prisoners of war escape
by tunnel "Harry" from Stalag Luft III this night. Only three
men, two Norwegians and a Dutchman, return to the UK; of those recaptured,
fifty are summarily executed soon afterwards in the Stalag Luft III
murders. April[edit] ·
April 2 WWII: Ascq massacre members of the 12th
SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend shoot 85
civilians suspected of blowing up their train on its approach to the Gare d'Ascq in France. ·
April 4 WWII: An Allied photoreconnaissance
aircraft of 60 Squadron SAAF photographs part
of Auschwitz
concentration camp. ·
April 10 The Holocaust: Rudolf Vrba and Alfrιd Wetzler escape
from Auschwitz
concentration camp; on April 2527 they prepare the VrbaWetzler report,
one of the earliest and most detailed descriptions of the extermination of
Jews in the camp. ·
April 14 Bombay Explosion:
The freighter SS Fort Stikine, carrying a mixed cargo of
ammunition, cotton bales and gold, explodes in harbour at Bombay (India), sinking surrounding
ships and killing around 800 people. ·
April 19 WWII: The Japanese launch
the Operation Ichi-Go offensive
in central and south China. American and British bombing of the city of Rouen (semaine
rouge).[7][better source needed] ·
April 25 ·
The
Holocaust: SS-Obersturmbannfόhrer Adolf Eichmann opens "blood for
goods" negotiations with Joel Brand to offer the release of
thousands of Jews from eastern Europe to the Hungarian Aid and Rescue
Committee in exchange for supplies for the German Eastern
Front. ·
The United Negro
College Fund is incorporated in the U.S. ·
April 26 ·
Kidnap of
General Kreipe on Crete, Greece. ·
WWII:
2,649 drown when USS Jack torpedoes Yoshida Maru No.
1.[8] ·
April 28 WWII: Allied convoy T4,
forming part of amphibious Exercise Tiger (a full-scale rehearsal
for the Normandy landings)
in Start Bay off the Devon coast of England, is attacked
by E-boats, resulting in the deaths of 749
American servicemen from LSTs.[9][10][11][12] May[edit]
The prime ministers of Britain and the four
major dominions at the 1944 Commonwealth
Prime Ministers' Conference, 1 May 1944. ·
May
Jean-Paul Sartre's existentialist drama No Exit (Huis Clos) is
premiθred in Nazi-occupied Paris. ·
May 1 WWII: Two hundred Communist
prisoners are shot by the
Germans at Kaisariani, Athens, Greece in reprisal for the
killing of General Franz Krech by Partisans at Molaoi. ·
May 5 WWII: Mohandas Gandhi is released from jail
in India on health grounds. ·
May 9 WWII: In the Ukrainian city
of Sevastopol, Soviet troops completely drive
out German forces, who had been ordered by Hitler to fight to the last man.[13] ·
May 12 WWII: Soviet troops finalize
the liberation of the Crimea. ·
May 14 The Holocaust: Predominantly
Muslim Albanian troops of the 21st Waffen Mountain Division of the
SS Skanderbeg (1st Albanian) round up 281
Jews in Pristina and hand them over to the
Germans for transportation to Bergen-Belsen
concentration camp. ·
May 15July 8 The Holocaust: Deportation
of Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz and
other Nazi
concentration camps. ·
May 18 WWII: ·
Battle of Monte
Cassino: The Germans evacuate Monte Cassino and Allied forces
led by Władysław
Anders from Polish II Corps, take the stronghold after a
struggle that has claimed 20,000 lives. ·
Deportation
of the Crimean Tatars by the government of the Soviet Union. ·
May 24 WWII: Six LSTs are
accidentally destroyed and 163 men killed in Pearl Harbor's West Loch disaster. ·
May 30 Princess
Charlotte Louise Juliette Louvet Grimaldi of Monaco, heir to the throne, resigns from her
rights in favor of her son Prince
Rainier Louis Henri Maxence Bertrand Grimaldi, later reigning Prince
Rainier III of Monaco. ·
May 31 WWII: Destroyer escort USS England sinks
the sixth Japanese submarine in two weeks. This anti-submarine warfare performance
remains unmatched through the 20th-century. June[edit]
Allied troops land on the beaches of
Normandy during D-Day.
LVTs heading
for shore on 15 June 1944 during the Battle of Saipan. ·
June 1 ·
WWII:
The BBC transmits a coded message (the
first line of the poem "Chanson d'automne"
by Paul Verlaine)
to the French Resistance,
warning that the invasion of Europe is imminent. ·
Two K-class blimps of the United States Navy complete
the first transatlantic
crossing by non-rigid airships, from
the U.S. to French Morocco with
two stops.[14][15] ·
June 2 WWII: The provisional French government is established. ·
June 3 Hans Asperger publishes his paper
on Asperger syndrome.[16][17] ·
June 4 WWII: ·
Rome
falls to the Allies,
the first Axis capital
to fall. ·
A
hunter-killer group of the United States Navy captures
the German
submarine U-505, marking the first time a U.S. Navy
vessel has captured an enemy vessel at sea since the War of 1812. Some significant intelligence
data is acquired. ·
June 5 WWII: ·
The
German navy's Enigma messages
are decoded almost in real time. ·
British Group Captain James Stagg correctly forecasts a brief
improvement in weather conditions over the English Channel which will permit the
following day's Normandy landings to
take place (having been deferred from today due to unfavourable weather). ·
At
10:15 p.m. local time, the BBC transmits
the second line of the Paul Verlaine poem "Chanson d'automne"
to the French Resistance,
indicating that the invasion of Europe is about to begin.[18] ·
More
than 1,000 British bombers drop 5,000 tons of bombs on German gun batteries
on the Normandy coast in preparation for D-Day. ·
US
and British airborne divisions
drop into Normandy, in preparation for D-Day ·
D-Day naval
deceptions are launched. ·
June 6 WWII D-Day:
155,000 Allied troops
shipped from England land on the beaches of Normandy in northern France,
beginning Operation Overlord and
the Invasion of Normandy.
The Allied soldiers quickly break through the Atlantic Wall and push inland, in the
largest amphibious military operation
in history. This operation helps liberate France from Germany, and also
weakens the Nazi hold on Europe. ·
June 7 WWII: ·
The
steamer Danae (Greek: Δανάη), carrying 600 Cretans including 350 Greek Jews on the
first leg of the journey to Auschwitz,
is sunk, with no known survivors, off Santorini. ·
Joel Brand is intercepted by British
agents in Aleppo. ·
Bayeux is liberated by British troops. ·
Opening
of Operation Perch,
a British attempt to capture Caen from the Germans;
attempt abandoned on June 14. ·
June 9 WWII: Soviet leader Joseph Stalin launches the VyborgPetrozavodsk
Offensive against Finland, with the intent of defeating
Finland before pushing for Berlin. ·
June 10 WWII: 642 men, women and
children are killed in the Oradour-sur-Glane
massacre in France. ·
June 13 WWII: Germany launches the
first V-1 flying bomb attack
on London.[19] ·
June 15 WWII: Battle of Saipan: United States forces land
on Saipan. ·
June 16 At age 14, George Stinney becomes the youngest
person ever executed in the United States. ·
June 17 Iceland declares full independence from
Denmark. ·
June 19 A severe storm badly damages
the Mulberry harbours on
the Normandy coast. ·
June 20 WWII: A V-2 rocket becomes the first man-made
object to cross the Kαrmαn line and reach the edge of
space.[20] ·
June 22 WWII: ·
Operation Bagration:
A general attack by Soviet forces
clears the German forces from Belarus, resulting in the destruction of
German Army Group Centre,
possibly the greatest defeat of the Wehrmacht during WWII. ·
Burma Campaign: The Battle of Kohima ends in a British
victory. ·
June 23 The Holocaust: Maurice Rossel of the International
Committee of the Red Cross visits Theresienstadt
concentration camp, uncritically accepting the propaganda view of
it presented by the Schutzstaffel. ·
June 24 David Ben-Gurion presents the One Million Plan to the Jewish Agency
for Israel, proposing a million-strong Jewish
exodus from Arab and Muslim countries as well as from Europe
to Mandatory Palestine. ·
June 25 WWII ·
The Battle of
Tali-Ihantala (the largest battle ever in the Nordic countries) begins between Finnish and
Soviet troops. Finland is able to resist the attack and thus manages to stay
as an independent nation. ·
Bombardment of
Cherbourg by ships of the United States Navy and
British Royal Navy in
support of U.S. ground troops. ·
June 26 WWII: American troops
enter Cherbourg. ·
June 29 WWII: 5,400 drown when USS Sturgeon torpedoes Toyama Maru.[3] ·
June 30 WWII: 3,219 drown when USS Tang torpedoes Nikkin
Maru.[21] July[edit]
The aftermath of the failed 20 July plot to kill Hitler.
Soviet soldiers fight in the streets
of Jelgava, summer 1944.
American medics helping injured soldier in
France, 1944. ·
July 1 The United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference begins
at Bretton
Woods, New Hampshire, United States. ·
July 3 WWII: ·
Soviet
troops liberate Minsk. ·
Battle of Imphal: Japanese forces call off
their advance, ending the battle with a British victory. ·
July 6 ·
Hartford circus fire:
More than 100 children die in one of the worst fire disasters in the history
of the United States. ·
WWII:
At Camp Hood, Texas, future baseball star and
1st Lt. Jackie Robinson is
arrested and later court-martialed for
refusing to move to the back of a segregated U.S. Army bus. He is eventually
acquitted. ·
July 9 WWII: British and Canadian
forces capture Caen. ·
July 10 WWII: Soviet troops begin
operations to liberate the Baltic countries. ·
July 13 WWII: Vilnius is freed by USSR. ·
July 16 WWII: The first contingent of
the Brazilian
Expeditionary Force arrives in Italy. ·
July 17 WWII: ·
The
largest convoy of the war embarks from Halifax, Nova Scotia, under Royal Canadian Navy protection. ·
The SS E. A.
Bryan, loaded with ammunition, explodes at the Port Chicago naval
base; 320 are killed. ·
July 18 WWII: ·
American
forces push back the Germans in Saint-Lτ, capturing the city. ·
British
forces launch Operation Goodwood,
an armoured offensive aimed at driving the Germans from the high ground to
the south of Caen. The offensive ends 2 days later with
minimal gains. ·
Hideki Tōjō resigns as Prime Minister of
Japan due to numerous setbacks in the war effort and is
succeeded (on July 22) by Kuniaki Koiso. ·
July 20 WWII: Adolf Hitler survives an assassination attempt led by Claus von
Stauffenberg. ·
July 21 WWII: ·
Battle of Guam:
American troops land on Guam (the battle
ends August 10). ·
The
Soviet-sponsored Polish
Committee of National Liberation is created in opposition to
the Polish
government-in-exile. ·
July 22 ·
The Bretton Woods
Conference ends with agreements signed to set up the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, General
Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and International
Monetary Fund. ·
The
new Polish Committee of National Liberation publishes the PKWN Manifesto in Chełm, calling for a continuation of
fighting against Nazi Germany, radical reforms including nationalisation of
industry, and a "decent border in the West" (the OderNeisse line). ·
United
States v. Masaaki Kuwabara,[22] the only Japanese American draft
avoidance case to be dismissed on a due process violation of the U.S.
Constitution. ·
July 25 ·
WWII
Operation Spring:
One of the bloodiest days for Canadian forces during the war results in 1,550
casualties, including 450 killed, during the Normandy Campaign. ·
WWII
Beginning of the Battle of
Tannenberg Line or the "Battle of the Blue Hills"
in Northeastern Estonia, where the Red Army will result in a Pyrrhic
victory by 10 August. ·
July 26 WWII: A Messerschmitt Me 262 becomes
the first jet fighter aircraft to have an operational
victory.[23] ·
July 31 WWII: 2,495 drown when USS Parche torpedoes Yoshino Maru.[5] August[edit]
Szare Szeregi Scouts also fought in
the Warsaw Uprising.
Jewish prisoners of Gęsiσwka liberated by Polish
soldiers from Batalion Zośka,
5 August 1944.
Crowds of French
people line the Champs Ιlysιes following the Liberation of Paris,
26 August 1944. ·
August 1 WWII: The Warsaw Uprising begins. ·
August 2 WWII: ·
Turkey ends diplomatic and economic relations with
Germany. ·
The
First Assembly of ASNOM (the
Anti-Fascist Assembly for the People's Liberation of Macedonia)
is held in the Prohor Pčinjski monastery. ·
August 3 The Education Act in
the United Kingdom, promoted by Rab Butler, creates a Tripartite system of
education in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.[citation needed] ·
August 4 The Holocaust: A tip from a Dutch informer leads the Gestapo to a sealed-off area in
an Amsterdamwarehouse, where they find Jewish
diarist Anne Frank, her
family, and others in hiding. All would die in the Holocaust except for Otto Frank, Anne's father.[24] ·
August 5 WWII: ·
The Warsaw Uprising: ·
The Wola massacre begins. Between now and
August 12, 40,000 to 50,000 Polish civilians will be indiscriminately
massacred by occupying SS troops. ·
The Holocaust: Polish insurgents liberate a
German labor camp in Warsaw, freeing 348 Jewish prisoners. ·
Cowra breakout: Over 500 Japanese prisoners
of war attempt a mass breakout from the Cowra camp in Australia. In the ensuing
manhunt, 231 Japanese escapees and four Australian soldiers are killed. ·
August 7 IBM dedicates
the first program-controlled calculator, the Automatic Sequence
Controlled Calculator (known best as the Harvard Mark I). ·
August 9 The United
States Forest Service and the Wartime
Advertising Council release posters featuring Smokey Bear for the first time. ·
August 12 WWII: ·
The
Allies capture Florence, Italy. ·
Operation Pluto: The world's first
undersea oil pipeline is
laid between England and France. ·
August 15 WWII: Operation Dragoon lands
Allies in southern France. The U.S.
45th Infantry Division participates in its fourth assault
landing at Sainte-Maxime,
spearheading the drive for the Belfort Gap. ·
August 18 WWII: Submarine USS Rasher sinks Teia
Maru, Eishin Maru, Teiyu Maru, and aircraft carrier Taiyō from
Japanese convoy HI71 in one of the most effective American "wolfpack"
attacks of the war.[25] ·
August 19 WWII: ·
More
than 4,400 Japanese servicemen drown when USS Spadefish torpedoes Tamatsu Maru.[26] ·
An insurrection starts
in Paris. ·
August 20 WWII: ·
American
forces successfully defeat Nazi forces at Chambois, closing the Falaise Pocket. ·
168
captured Allied airmen, including Phil Lamason, accused of being "terror
fliers" by the Gestapo, arrive at Buchenwald
concentration camp where they form the KLB Club. ·
Dumbarton Oaks
Conference (Washington Conversations on International Peace
and Security Organization) opens in Washington, D.C.: U.S., British, Chinese,
French and Soviet representatives meet to plan the foundation of the United Nations.[19] ·
WWII: Operation Tractable concludes
when Canadian troops relieve the Polish and link with the Americans,
capturing remaining German forces in the Falaise Pocket and securing the
strategically important French town of Falaise in
the final offensive of the Battle of Normandy. ·
August 22 WWII: Tsushima Maru, an unmarked Japanese
passenger/cargo ship, is sunk by torpedoes launched by the submarine USS Bowfin off Akuseki-jima, killing 1,484 civilians
including 767 schoolchildren. ·
August 23 WWII: In King Michael's Coup, Ion Antonescu, prime minister of Romania, is arrested and a new government
established. Romania leaves the
war against the Soviet Union,
joining the Allies. ·
August 24 WWII: ·
Liberation of Paris:
The Allies enter Paris, successfully completing Operation Overlord. ·
Japanese
vessels attack and sink the submarine USS Harder off Luzon. ·
August 25 WWII: ·
German surrender of
Paris: General Dietrich von
Choltitz surrenders Paris to the Allies in defiance of
Hitler's orders to destroy it. ·
Maillι massacre:
Massacre of 129 civilians (70% women and children) by the Gestapo at Maillι,
Indre-et-Loire. ·
Hungary
decides to continue the war together
with Germany. ·
The Red Ball Express convoy system begins
operation supplying tons of materiel to Allied forces in France. ·
August 29 WWII: The Slovak National
Uprising against the Axis powers begins. ·
August 31 The Mad Gasser of
Mattoon apparently resumes their mysterious attacks in Mattoon, Illinois for
two weeks. September[edit]
Waves of paratroopers land in the
Netherlands during Operation Market
Garden in September 1944. ·
September
Start of Dutch famine ("Hongerwinter")
in the occupied northern part of the Netherlands.[27] ·
September 1 WWII: In Bulgaria, the Bagryanov government
resigns. ·
The Holocaust: Diarist Anne Frank and her family are placed on
the last transport train from Westerbork to Auschwitz
concentration camp, arriving 3 days later. ·
‘Hola! magazine launched in Barcelona. ·
September 3 WWII: The Allies
liberate Brussels. ·
September 4 WWII: ·
The
British 11th
Armoured Division liberates the city of Antwerp in Belgium. ·
Finland
breaks off relations with Germany. ·
WWII:
The Soviet Union declares war on Bulgaria. ·
Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg constitute Benelux. ·
September 6 WWII: Tartu Offensive in Estonia concludes with Soviet forces
capturing Tartu. ·
September 7 WWII: The Belgian government in exile returns
to Brussels from London. ·
September 8 WWII: ·
The
first V-2 rocket attack
on London takes place.[19] ·
The
French town of Menton is liberated
from German forces. ·
September 9 WWII: An insurrection
breaks out in Sofia. ·
September 11 WWII: ·
Laksevεg floating dry dock at Bergen (Norway) is sunk by
British X-class submarine X-24. ·
An
approaching formation of 36 US bombers is engaged by a German fighter
squadron (Jagdgeschwader)
in the Battle over
the Ore Mountains. After the first German attack on the bombers,
following US Mustangs attacked
the German squadron in aerial dog fights. ·
September 12 WWII: Allied forces
from Operation Overlord (in
the north) and Operation Dragoon (in
the south of France) link up near Dijon. ·
September 13 WWII: Start of the Battle of Meligalas between
the Greek Resistance forces
of the Greek
People's Liberation Army (ELAS) and the collaborationistSecurity Battalions. ·
September 14 The Great
Atlantic hurricane makes landfall in the New York City area. ·
September 15 WWII: The Battle of Peleliu begins
in the Pacific. ·
September 17 WWII: Operation Market
Garden begins, Allied airborne landings in the Netherlands
and Germany. ·
September 18 WWII: ·
5,620
drown when HMS Tradewind torpedoes Jun'yō Maru.[28] ·
After
German forces declare the evacuation of Estonia the day before, the Estonian
national government briefly resumes
control of Tallinn before Soviet advance. ·
September 19 WWII: ·
An
armistice between Finland and the Soviet Union is signed, ending the Continuation War. ·
The Battle of
Hόrtgen Forest begins east of the BelgianGerman border. ·
September 22 WWII: The Red Army captures Tallinn, Estonia. Prime Minister in Duties of
the President of Estonia Jόri Uluots and 80,000 Estonian
civilians manage to escape to Sweden and Germany. The evacuees include almost
the entire population of the Estonian Swedes. Soviet bombing raids on the
evacuating ships sink several ships with thousands on board. ·
September 24 WWII: The U.S.
45th Infantry Division takes the strongly defended city
of Ιpinal before crossing the Moselle river and entering the western
foothills of the Vosges. ·
September 26 WWII: ·
Operation Market
Garden ends in an Allied withdrawal. ·
On
the middle front of
the Gothic Line,
Brazilian troops control the Serchio valley region after 10 days of fighting. October[edit]
Henry Larsen becomes
the first person successfully to navigate the Northwest Passage in
both directions, westbound JulyOctober 1944.
American troops advance towards San Jose on
Leyte Island, 20 October 1944.
The light aircraft
carrierUSS Princeton afire,
east of Luzon, 24 October 1944
Volkssturm founded in October 1944.
The beginning of the Battle of Leyte, 20 October 1944.
October 23: Battle of Leyte Gulfbetween United States and Japanduring World War II. ·
October 2 WWII: Nazi troops end the Warsaw Uprising. ·
October 4 WWII: The Serbian puppet state of the Axis powers Government
of National Salvation flees from Belgrade, Nazis-occupied Serbia. ·
October 5 WWII: Royal Canadian
Air Force pilots shoot down the first German Me 262 over
the Netherlands.[clarification
needed] ·
October 6 WWII: The Battle of Debrecen starts
on the Eastern
Front (it lasts until October 29) ·
Withdrawal
collaborators: Milan Nedić,
the president of the Serbian Quisling Regime (Government
of National Salvation), fled from Belgrade by airplane.Together with
other Serbian collaborators and the German Officials, to Hungary, than to Vienna Austria ·
Holocaust:
Members of the Sonderkommando (Jewish
work units) in Auschwitz stage
a revolt, killing three SS men before being massacred
themselves. ·
Dumbarton Oaks
Conference concludes. ·
October 8 The
Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet radio show debuts in the
United States. ·
October 9 WWII: Fourth Moscow
Conference: British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalinbegin a 9-day conference in
Moscow to discuss the future of Europe. ·
The Holocaust/Porajmos: 800 Romani children are systematically
murdered at the Auschwitz
concentration camp. ·
WWII:
Allied forces inflict significant losses upon Imperial Japanese
Navy ships moored in Naha Harbor,
destroying much of the city of Naha, Okinawa as
well, in the 10-10
Air Raid. ·
October 11 The Tuvan People's
Republic is annexed into the Soviet Union. ·
WWII:
The Allies land in Athens. ·
Canadian Arctic explorer Henry Larsen returns
to Vancouver, becoming the first person successfully to navigate the Northwest Passage in
both directions, in the Royal
Canadian Mounted Police schooner St. Roch. His westbound voyage is the
first completed in a single season and the first passage through the Prince of Wales
Strait.[13][29][30] ·
October 13 WWII: ·
Riga,
the capital of Latvia, is taken by
the Red Army. ·
The
first V-2 rocket attack on Antwerp takes place.[31] ·
October 14 WWII: German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel commits suicide rather
than face execution for allegedly conspiring against Adolf Hitler. ·
October 18 WWII: The Volkssturm Nazi militia is founded on Adolf Hitler's orders. ·
October 19 Guatemalan
Revolution begins, with the overthrow of Federico Ponce
Vaides by a popular leftist movement. ·
October 20 WWII: ·
Belgrade is liberated by Yugoslav Partisans together
with the Bulgarian Army and
the Red Army. Nedić's
regime was disbanded by the Yugoslav Partisans and
the Red Army After they takeover Belgrade ·
American
forces land on Red Beach in Palo, Leyte, as General Douglas MacArthur returns
to the Philippines with
Philippine Commonwealth president Sergio Osmeρa, and Armed
Forces of the Philippines Generals Basilio J. Valdes
and Carlos P. Romulo. ·
United
States and Filipino troops with Filipino guerrillas begin the Battle of Leyte. ·
American
forces land on the beaches in Dulag, Leyte, the Philippines, accompanied by Filipino troops
entering the town, and fiercely opposed by the Japanese occupation forces.
The combined forces liberate Tacloban ·
October 21 WWII: Aachen, the first German city to fall, is
captured by American troops. ·
WWII:
The naval Battle of Leyte Gulf in
the Philippines begins
(lasts until October 26).
On October 24, the Japanese
battleship Musashi is sunk by United States
aircraft. ·
The Allies recognise Charles de Gaulle's
cabinet as the provisional government of France. ·
WWII:
The Red Army liberates Kirkenes, the first town in Norway to be
liberated. ·
WWII: USS Tang is
sunk in the Formosa Strait by
one of her own torpedoes. Medal of Honor-winning submarine ace Richard O'Kane becomes a prisoner of war. ·
Padule di
Fucecchio massacre: Nazi German soldiers murder at least 174
Italian civilians in a reprisal killing. ·
Florence Foster
Jenkins gives a recital in Carnegie Hall. ·
The Holocaust: Anne Frank and her sister Margot are deported from Auschwitz to
the Bergen-Belsen
concentration camp. ·
Appalachian Spring, a ballet by Martha Graham with music by Aaron Copland, debuts at the Library of Congress in
Washington, D.C., with Graham in the lead role. ·
October 31 Mass murderer Marcel Petiot is apprehended at a Paris Mιtro station. November[edit] ·
November 1December 7 Delegates of 52 nations
meet at the International Civil Aviation Conference in Chicago to plan for
postwar international cooperation, framing the constitution of the International
Civil Aviation Organization. ·
November 3 WWII: Two supreme
commanders of the Slovak National
Uprising, Generals Jαn Golian and Rudolf Viest, are captured, tortured and
later executed by German forces. ·
United
States presidential election: Franklin D.
Roosevelt wins reelection over Republican challenger Thomas E. Dewey, becoming the only U.S.
president elected to a fourth term. ·
Election
day rail accident in Puerto Rico: A passenger train derails
at Aguadilla due to excessive speed on a
downgrade; 16 are killed, 50 injured. ·
November 10 WWII: Ammunition ship USS Mount
Hood disintegrates from accidental detonation of 3,800
tons of cargo in the Seeadler Harbor fleet anchorage
at Manus Island. 22
small boats are destroyed, 36 nearby ships damaged, 432 men are killed and
371 more are injured.[32] ·
November 11 Operational ships of the
French Navy re-enter their base at Toulon.[citation needed] ·
November 12 WWII: Sinking of
the German
battleship Tirpitz by British Royal Air
Force Lancaster bombers.[19] Estimated casualties range from 950 to 1,204. ·
November 14 WWII: 2,246 drown
when USS Queenfish torpedoes Akitsu
Maru.[33] ·
November 16 WWII: U.S. forces begin
the month-long Operation Queen in
the Rur valley. ·
The Popular Socialist
Youth is founded in Cuba ·
WWII:
3,546 drown when USS Picuda torpedoes Mayasan Maru.[33] ·
Conscription
Crisis: Prime Minister
of Canada William
Mackenzie King agrees a one-time conscription levy in Canada for
overseas service. ·
Laurence Olivier's film Henry V,
based on Shakespeare's play,
opens in London. It is the most acclaimed and the most successful movie
version of a Shakespeare play made up to that time, and the first in Technicolor. Olivier both stars and directs.[34] ·
November 24 WWII: German forces evacuate from
West Estonian Archipelago. ·
November 26 American opera
singer Florence Foster
Jenkins dies in her sleep from a heart attack at the age of
76. ·
RAF Fauld explosion:
Between 3,450 and 3,930 tons (3,500 and
4,000 tonnes) of ordnance explodes
at an underground storage depot in Staffordshire, England, leaving about 75
dead and a crater 1,200
metres (1,300 yd) across and 120 metres (390 ft) deep. The blast is
one of the largest non-nuclear explosions in
history and the largest on UK soil.[35] ·
Operation Tigerfish takes
place. The Royal Air Force bombing
of Freiburg im Breisgau kills
2,800. ·
November 29 WWII: Submarine USS Archerfish sinks
Japanese aircraft carrier Shinano. Shinano is
the largest carrier built to this date, and will remain through the twentieth
century the largest ship sunk by a submarine.[36] December[edit] Victims of the Malmedy massacre
December 15: American bandleader Glenn Miller disappears into the English Channel.
George Marshall becomes the first U.S.
Five-Star General on December 16, 1944. ·
December 1Edward Stettinius,
Jr., becomes the last United
States Secretary of State of the Roosevelt administration,
filling the seat left by Cordell Hull. ·
December 3 WWII: ·
Fighting
breaks out between Communists and
royalists in newly liberated Greece, eventually leading to a full-scale Greek Civil War. ·
The British Home Guard is
stood down. ·
December 7 Convention
on International Civil Aviation signed in Chicago to create
the International
Civil Aviation Organization. ·
December 10 Italian conductor Arturo Toscanini leads a concert
performance of the first half of Beethoven's Fidelio(minus its spoken dialogue)
on NBC Radio, starring Rose Bampton. He chooses this opera for its
political message a statement against tyranny and dictatorship. Conducting
it in German, Toscanini intends it as a tribute to the German people who are
being oppressed by Hitler. The second half is broadcast a week later. The
performance is later released on LP and CD, the first of 7 operas that
Toscanini conducts on radio. ·
December 12December 13 WWII: British units
attempt to take the hilltop town of Tossignano, but are repulsed. ·
December 13 Battle of Mindoro:
United States, Australian and Philippine Commonwealth troops land on Mindoro Island in the Philippines. ·
The
Soviet government changes Turkish place names to Russian in the Crimea. ·
United
States release of the film National Velvet,
which brings a young Elizabeth Taylor to stardom. ·
December 15 A USAAF utility aircraft
carrying bandleader Major Glenn Miller disappears in heavy fog
over the English Channel while
flying to Paris. ·
December 16 WWII: ·
Germany
begins the Ardennes offensive, later known as Battle of the Bulge. ·
General George C. Marshall becomes
the first U.S.
Five-Star General. ·
WWII: Malmedy massacre: German SS troops
under Joachim Peiper machine
gun American prisoners of war captured during the Battle of the Bulge
near Malmedy and elsewhere in Belgium. ·
WWII: Bombing of
Ulm in World War II, 707 people are killed and 25,000 are left
homeless. ·
December 19 The daily newspaper Le Monde begins publication in
Paris. ·
December 20 The United States Women
Airforce Service Pilots are disbanded. ·
WWII:
Brigadier General Anthony C. McAuliffe,
commander of the U.S. forces defending Bastogne, refuses to accept demands for
surrender by sending a one-word reply, "Nuts!", to the German
command. ·
The Vietnam People's
Army is formed in French Indochina. ·
WWII:
Troopship SS Lιopoldville is
sunk in the English Channel by German submarine U-486.
Approximately 763 soldiers of the U.S.
66th Infantry Division bound for the Battle of the Bulge
drown.[37] ·
WWII:
German tanks reach the furthest point of the Bulge at Celles. ·
WWII:
Fifty German V-1 flying bombs,
air-launched from Heinkel He 111 bombers flying over the North Sea, target Manchester in England, killing 42 and
injuring more than 100 in the Oldham area.[38][39] ·
WWII: Bande
massacre. 34 men between the ages of 17 and 32 are executed by
the Sicherheitsdienst near
Bande, Belgium in retaliation for the killing
of three German soldiers. ·
The
first complete U.S. production of Tchaikovsky's ballet The Nutcracker is presented
in San Francisco,
choreographed by Willam Christensen.
It will become an annual tradition there, and for the next ten years, the San
Francisco Ballet will be the only company in the United States performing the
complete work. ·
WWII:
American troops repulse German forces at Bastogne. ·
The
original stage version of The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams premieres
in Chicago. ·
Esztergom, Hungary, is captured by the Russians. ·
King George II of Greece declares
a regency, leaving his throne vacant. ·
"Stage Door Cartoon"
is the first cartoon produced by Eddie Selzer. ·
December 31 WWII: ·
Battle of Leyte: Tens of thousands of
Imperial Japanese Army soldiers are killed in action, in a significant
Filipino/Allied military victory. Date unknown[edit] ·
The 1944 Summer Olympics,
scheduled for London (together with the February Winter
Olympics scheduled for Cortina d'Ampezzo in
Italy), are suspended due to WWII. ·
In
Sweden, Erik Wallenberg and Ruben Rausing invent a way to package milk in
paper and start the company Tetra Pak. ·
The National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence is
established in the United States. ·
Last
known evidence of the existence of the Asiatic lion in the wild in Khuzestan Province,
Persia.[40] ·
BC Zalgiris, as known well for professional
basketball club founded in Kaunas, Lithuania. (former part of Soviet Union)[citation needed] Births[edit] January[edit]
·
Omar Hasan
Ahmad al-Bashir, 7th President of Sudan ·
Abdul Hamid,
16th President of Bangladesh ·
Jimmy Hart, American wrestling manager ·
Jumabek Ibraimov, 5th Prime Minister of
Kyrgyzstan (d. 1999) ·
Bob Minor, American actor and stunt
performer ·
January 2 Prince Norodom Ranariddh,
Cambodian politician ·
January 3 Chris von Saltza, American swimmer ·
Bonnie Franklin, American actress, singer,
dancer; television director (d. 2013) ·
Rolf M. Zinkernagel,
Swiss immunologist, recipient of the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine ·
Ian Hornak, American painter, draughtsman
and sculptor (d. 2002) ·
Jimmy Page, English rock guitarist (Led Zeppelin) ·
January 10 Frank Sinatra Jr.,
American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2016) ·
Joe Frazier, American boxer (d. 2011) ·
Carlos Villagrαn,
Mexican actor and comedian ·
Jan Guillou, Swedish author ·
Franηoise Hardy,
French singer ·
Paul Keating, 24th Prime
Minister of Australia ·
Alexander Van
der Bellen, 12th President of Austria ·
January 19 Shelley Fabares, American actress and singer ·
January 23 Rutger Hauer, Dutch actor ·
January 24 Klaus Nomi, German singer (d. 1983) ·
Sally Beauman, English writer (d. 2016) ·
Evan Chandler, American screenwriter and
dentist (suicide 2009) ·
Angela Davis, American feminist and
political activist ·
Jerry Sandusky, American child molester
and Penn State coach ·
Peter Akinola, Nigerian religious leader ·
Mairead Corrigan, Northern Irish peace
activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize ·
Nick Mason, English rock drummer ·
Adenan Satem, Malaysian politician, Chief Minister
of Sarawak (d. 2017) ·
Susan Howard, American actress ·
Rosalνa Mera, Spanish fashion retailer (Zara) (d. 2018) ·
John Tavener, English composer (d. 2013) ·
Susana Gimιnez,
Argentinian television presenter ·
Patrick Lipton
Robinson, Jamaican judge ·
Connie Booth, American writer and actress ·
Ivo Opstelten, Dutch politician February[edit]
·
February 2 Geoffrey Hughes, English actor (d. 2012) ·
Punch Gunalan, Malaysian badminton star
(d. 2012) ·
Maruja Carrasco, Spanish botanist and academic
(d. 2018) ·
Al Kooper, American rock musician (Blood, Sweat
& Tears) ·
Thekla Carola Wied,
German actress ·
Bunky Henry, American professional golfer
(d. 2018) ·
Roger Lloyd-Pack, English actor (d. 2014) ·
February 9 Alice Walker, American writer ·
February 10 Peter Allen,
Australian-born Academy Award-winning
composer and lyricist (d. 1992) ·
February 11 Michael G. Oxley, American politician
(d. 2016) ·
February 12 Moe Bandy, American country music singer ·
Stockard Channing,
American actress ·
Michael Ensign, American actor ·
Jerry Springer, English-born American
politician and television personality ·
Carl Bernstein, American journalist ·
Sir Alan Parker, English film director,
producer, actor and writer ·
February 15 Dzhokhar Dudayev, Chechen leader, first
President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, an unrecognized breakaway
state in the North Caucasus (d. 1996) ·
Richard Ford, American writer ·
Antσnio
Mascarenhas Monteiro, President of Cape
Verde (d. 2016) ·
Karl Jenkins, Welsh composer ·
Bernie Grant, British Labour Party MP
(d. 2000) ·
February 19 Donald F. Glut, American writer, film
director, and screenwriter ·
Abdul Hamid
Zainal Abidin, Malaysian politician and diplomat (d. 2014) ·
Willem van Hanegem,
Dutch football player and coach ·
Jonathan Demme, American film director,
producer and writer (d. 2017) ·
Tom Okker, Dutch tennis player ·
Robert Kardashian,
American attorney and businessman (d. 2003) ·
February 23 Johnny Winter, American rock musician
(d. 2014) ·
February 24 Ivica Račan, Croatian politician
(d. 2007) ·
February 25 Franηois Cevert,
French racing driver (d. 1973) ·
February 27 Ken Grimwood, American writer (d. 2003) ·
Fanny Cano, Mexican actress and producer
(d. 1983) ·
Sepp Maier, German retired footballer ·
February 29 Dennis Farina, American actor (d. 2013) March[edit]
·
March 1 ·
John Breaux, U.S. Senator from Louisiana ·
Roger Daltrey, English singer-songwriter and
actor (The Who) ·
March 2 ·
Uschi Glas, German actress ·
Leif Segerstam, Finnish conductor and
composer ·
March 4 ·
Harvey Postlethwaite,
English engineer and race car designer (d. 1999) ·
Bobby Womack, American singer and songwriter
(d. 2014) ·
March 5 Peter Brandes, Danish artist ·
March 6 ·
Dame Kiri Te Kanawa, New Zealand soprano ·
Mary Wilson,
American singer (The Supremes) ·
March 7 ·
Michael Rosbash, American geneticist and
chronobiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ·
Townes Van Zandt, American country singer
(d. 1997) ·
March 8 Buzz Hargrove, Canadian labour leader ·
March 11 ·
Graham Lyle, Grammy-winning Scottish
singer-songwriter and guitarist, known for writing several international hits
for Tina Turner ·
Don Maclean, English comedian and
broadcaster ·
March 15 Emmerich Danzer, Austrian figure skater ·
March 17 ·
Pattie Boyd, English model and first wife
of George Harrison and Eric Clapton ·
John Sebastian, American singer-songwriter (The Lovin' Spoonful) ·
March 19 ·
Said Musa, Prime Minister
of Belize ·
Sirhan Sirhan, Palestinian assassin of Robert F. Kennedy ·
March 21 Hilary Minster, English actor (d. 1999) ·
March 24 R. Lee Ermey, U.S. Marine and actor
(d. 2018) ·
March 26 Diana Ross, American actress and singer ·
March 27 Ann Sidney, Miss World ·
March 28 ·
Rick Barry, American basketball player ·
Ken Howard, American actor (d. 2016) ·
March 29 ·
Nana Akufo-Addo, President of Ghana ·
Denny McLain, American baseball player April[edit]
·
April 3 Tony Orlando, American musician ·
April 4 ·
Faisal bin Musaid,
assassin and nephew of King Faisal of Saudi
Arabia (d. 1975) ·
Magda Aelvoet, Belgian politician ·
Craig T. Nelson, American actor ·
April 5 Peter T. King, American politician ·
April 6 ·
Judith McConnell, American actress ·
Anita Pallenberg, Italian-born model and
actress (d. 2017) ·
Dame Felicity Palmer, English soprano ·
April 7 ·
Shel Bachrach, American insurance broker,
investor, businessman and philanthropist ·
Warner Fusselle, American sportscaster
(d. 2012) ·
Gerhard Schrφder, Chancellor
of Germany ·
April 8 ·
Burny Bos, Dutch producer, scenarist and
children's book writer. ·
Odd Nerdrum, Norwegian painter ·
Jimmy
Walker, American professional basketball player (d. 2007) ·
April 10 Abubakar Habu
Hashidu, Nigerian politician (d. 2018) ·
April 11 John Milius, American film director,
producer and screenwriter ·
April 13 Jack Casady, American rock musician (Jefferson Airplane, Hot Tuna) ·
April 18 Charlie Tuna, American disc jockey and game
show announcer (d. 2016) ·
April 19 ·
Bernie Worrell, American keyboardist,
(d. 2016) ·
James Heckman, American economist, Nobel
Prize laureate ·
April 22 Steve Fossett, American aviator, sailor and
millionaire adventurer (d. 2007) ·
April 24 Tony Visconti, American record producer,
musician and singer ·
April 25 Len Goodman, British ballroom dancer and
television personality ·
April 26 Larry H. Miller, American sports owner (Utah Jazz; d. 2009) ·
April 27 ·
Michael Fish, British TV weatherman ·
Cuba Gooding Sr., American actor and singer
(d. 2017) ·
April 28 Jean-Claude
Van Cauwenberghe, Belgian politician ·
April 29 Richard Kline, American actor and television
director ·
April 30 Jill Clayburgh, American actress (d. 2010) May[edit]
·
May 1 ·
Suresh Kalmadi, Indian politician ·
Costa Cordalis, German singer ·
May 4 Russi Taylor, American voice actress ·
May 5 ·
Roger Rees, Welsh actor (d. 2015) ·
John Rhys-Davies, Welsh actor ·
May 8 Gary Glitter, English singer ·
May 9 ·
Richie Furay, American musician (Poco, Buffalo Springfield) ·
Laurence Owen, American figure skater
(d. 1961) ·
May 10 Jim Abrahams, American film director ·
May 12 Sara Kestelman, English actress ·
May 13 ·
Armistead Maupin, American author ·
Carolyn Franklin, American singer (d. 1988) ·
May 14 ·
Connie Lawn, American journalist (d. 2018) ·
George Lucas, American film director and
producer ·
May 15 ·
Ulrich Beck, German sociologist (d. 2015) ·
Gunilla Hutton, Swedish-born American
actress and singer ·
May 16 Danny Trejo, American actor ·
May 17 Luνs de
Matos Monteiro da Fonseca, Cape Verdean diplomat and civil servant ·
May 19 Peter Mayhew, English actor ·
May 20 ·
Joe Cocker, English rock singer (d. 2014) ·
Boudewijn de Groot,
Dutch singer ·
Dietrich Mateschitz,
Austrian businessman ·
May 21 Mary Robinson, President of Ireland ·
May 23 ·
John Newcombe, Australian tennis player ·
Avraham Oz, Israeli theater professor,
translator, and political activist ·
May 24 ·
David Mark Berger,
American-born Israeli weightlifter, murdered at the Munich Olympics (d. 1972) ·
Patti LaBelle, American singer ·
May 25 Frank Oz, English puppeteer and film
director ·
May 27 Chris Dodd, American politician ·
May 28 ·
Rudy Giuliani, former Mayor of New York City ·
Gladys Knight, American singer ·
Sondra Locke, American actress and director ·
Rita MacNeil, Canadian folk singer (d. 2013) ·
Patricia, Lady Stephens (nιe Quinn), retired
Northern Irish actress ·
May 29 Helmut Berger, Austrian actor ·
May 30 Meredith MacRae, American actress (d. 2000) June[edit]
·
June 1 Robert Powell, English actor ·
June 3 Edith McGuire, American sprinter ·
June 4 Michelle Phillips,
American singer and actress ·
June 5 ·
Colm Wilkinson, Irish actor and singer ·
Whitfield Diffie, American cryptographer ·
June 6 ·
Phillip Allen Sharp,
American scientist, recipient of the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine ·
Edgar Froese, German musician (d. 2015) ·
Tommie Smith, American athlete ·
June 8 ·
Mark Belanger, American baseball player
(d. 1998) ·
Don Grady, American actor and singer
(d. 2012) ·
Marc Ouellet, Canadian cardinal ·
Boz Scaggs, American singer and guitarist ·
June 13 Ban Ki-moon, South Korean politician and
8th Secretary-General
of the United Nations ·
June 15 Malaysia Vasudevan,
Tamil playback singer and actor (d. 2011) ·
June 16 Henri Richelet, French painter ·
June 17 Bill Rafferty, American comedian and
impressionist (d. 2012) ·
June 18 Salvador Sαnchez
Cerιn, 45th President of El
Salvador ·
June 21 ·
Carmen Cardinali
Paoa, Chilean professor ·
Franco Cordova, Italian international
football player ·
Corinna Tsopei, Greek actress, model and
beauty queen who won Miss Universe 1964 ·
Ray Davies, English rock-singer and
songwriter, co-founder of The Kinks ·
Kenny O'Dell, American country
singer-songwriter (d. 2018) ·
Luigi Sgarbozza, Italian former cyclist ·
Chris Wood,
English musician (Traffic)
(d. 1983) ·
June 22 ·
Ercole Gualazzini,
Italian professional road bicycle racer ·
Gιrard Mourou, French electrical engineer,
recipient of the Nobel Prize in
Physics ·
June 23 ·
Silvestre Bello III,
Filipino businessman and lawyer ·
Gan Ee Kiang, Malaysian pharmacologist ·
June 24 ·
Dennis Butler, English former footballer and
football manager ·
Jeff Beck, English rock musician ·
June 25 Ricardo Salgado, Portuguese economist and
banker ·
June 27 Zezι Motta, Brazilian actress and singer ·
June 28 Luis Nicolao, Argentine butterfly swimmer ·
June 29 ·
Gary Busey, American actor ·
Seαn Patrick
O'Malley, American cardinal ·
June 30 ·
Daniel Kablan Duncan,
Ivorian politician ·
Terry Funk, American professional wrestler ·
Raymond Moody, American parapsychologist ·
Alan C. Fox, American author, philanthropist
and entrepreneur July[edit]
·
July 1 ·
Mercedes Bresso, Italian politician ·
Mike Horan, Australian politician ·
Diron Talbert, American football player ·
Syd Jackson,
Australian rules footballer ·
July 2 ·
Billy
Campbell, Northern Irish professional footballer ·
Vicente de
la Mata, Argentine former football midfielder ·
Paul Schudel, American football player and
coach ·
July 3 Michel Polnareff, French singer ·
July 4 ·
Joe Berardo, Portuguese businessman,
investor, and art collector ·
Joe Critchlow, Canadian football player ·
Albert Kapengut, Soviet chess master ·
July 5 ·
Mick Andrews, English international
motorcycle trials rider ·
Hendrik Born, German vice admiral ·
Enrique Irazoqui, Spanish movie actor ·
July 6 ·
Tim Brown,
Australian darts player ·
Gunhild Hoffmeister,
East German middle-distance runner ·
Max Timisela, Indonesian footballer ·
July 7 ·
Feri Cansel, Turkish-Cypriot actress
(d. 1983) ·
Nicholas,
Crown Prince of Montenegro ·
Mark Burgess,
New Zealand cricketer ·
Tony Jacklin, English golfer ·
Feleti Sevele, former Prime Minister of
Tonga ·
Michael
Walker, Baron Walker of Aldringham, British Army officer ·
July 8 Jeffrey Tambor, American actor ·
July 11 ·
Keith Doncon, Australian rules footballer ·
Neil Vant, Anglican clergyman, prospector,
businessman and former political figure ·
Valdeir Vieira, Brazilian football manager ·
July 12 ·
Terry
Cooper, English former football player and manager ·
Clarence Parfitt, Bermudian-Scottish
cricketer ·
July 13 Ernő Rubik, Hungarian inventor ·
July 14 Aad Mansveld, Dutch footballer (d. 1991) ·
July 15 Jan-Michael Vincent,
American actor ·
July 16 ·
Clarence Parfitt, Bermudian and Scottish
cricketer ·
Jose L. Cuisia Jr.,
Philippine diplomat and banker ·
Angharad Rees, Welsh actress (d. 2012) ·
July 17 ·
Mark Burgess,
New Zealand cricket captain ·
Catherine Schell, Hungarian actress ·
Charles Lapointe, Canadian businessman,
politician and public servant ·
Tom Kalinske, American businessman ·
Carlos Alberto
Torres, Brazilian footballer (d. 2016) ·
July 18 David Hemery, British Olympic athlete ·
July 20 W. Cary Edwards, American politician
(d. 2010) ·
July 21 ·
John Atta Mills, 13th President of Ghana (d. 2012) ·
Paul Wellstone, U.S. Senator from Minnesota
(d. 2002) ·
July 23 Alex Buzo, of Sydney, Australian playwright
and author (d. 2006) ·
July 26 Kiel Martin, American actor (d. 1990) ·
July 28 Jozo Krianović,
Bosnian politician (d. 2009) ·
July 31 ·
Geraldine Chaplin,
English-American actress ·
Jonathan Dimbleby,
British journalist and author ·
Robert C. Merton, American economist, Nobel
Prize laureate August[edit]
·
August 1 Yury Romanenko, Soviet cosmonaut ·
August 2 ·
Jim Capaldi, British drummer, singer and
songwriter (d. 2005) ·
Nanα Vasconcelos,
Brazilian percussionist and vocalist (d. 2016) ·
August 3 Jonas Falk, Swedish actor (d. 2010) ·
August 4 ·
Richard Belzer, American actor and comedian ·
William Frankfather,
American actor (d. 1998) ·
Orhan Gencebay, Turkish musician, composer,
singer and actor ·
August 7 ·
John Glover,
American actor ·
Robert Mueller, American lawyer and former
FBI director ·
August 8 ·
Michael Johnson,
American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2017) ·
Hasyim Muzadi, Indonesian Islamic scholar
(d. 2017) ·
August 9 Sam Elliott, American actor ·
Ian McDiarmid, Scottish actor ·
Frederick W. Smith,
American founder of FedEx ·
August 12 Larry Troutman, American musician (d. 1999) ·
August 13 Kevin Tighe, American actor ·
August 15 Sylvie Vartan, French singer ·
Robert Hitchcock, Australian sculptor ·
Volker Lechtenbrink,
German television actor and singer ·
Helena Rojo, Mexican actress and model ·
Charles Wang, Chinese-born American
businessman, philanthropist and sports team owner (d. 2018) ·
Bodil Malmsten, Swedish writer (d. 2016) ·
August 20 Rajiv Gandhi, Prime Minister of India
(d. 1991) ·
Kari S. Tikka, Finnish Professor of Finance
(d. 2006) ·
Peter Weir, Australian film director ·
August 23 Saira Banu, Indian actress ·
August 25 Christine Chubbuck,
American television reporter (d. 1974) ·
August 26 Prince
Richard, Duke of Gloucester ·
August 30 Tug McGraw, American baseball player
(d. 2004) ·
August 31 Jos LeDuc, Canadian professional wrestler
(d. 1999) September[edit]
·
September 1 Leonard Slatkin, American conductor ·
September 2 Gilles Marchal, French musician ·
Tim
Donnelly, American actor ·
Ty Warner, American Businessman, Inventor:
Beanie Babies ·
September 4 Tony Atkinson, British economist (d. 2017) ·
September 6 Christian Boltanski,
French artist ·
Earl Manigault, American basketball player
(d. 1998) ·
Bora
Milutinović, Serbian football coach ·
Leonard Peltier, Native
American activist and convicted murderer ·
Barry White, American singer (d. 2003) ·
Carol Barnes, British newsreader (d. 2008) ·
Jacqueline Bisset,
English actress ·
Peter Cetera, lead singer and guitarist of
American rock group Chicago ·
September 15 Graham Taylor, English footballer and
football manager (d. 2017) ·
September 17 Reinhold Messner, Italian mountaineer ·
Veronica Carlson, English actress and model ·
Satan's Angel, American exotic dancer ·
September 19 İsmet Φzel, Turkish poet ·
Caleb Deschanel, American cinematographer
and film director ·
Hamilton Jordan, Jimmy Carter's first White House
Chief of Staff (d. 2008) ·
September 22 Frazer Hines, British actor ·
September 25 Michael Douglas, American film actor and
producer ·
September 26 Anne Robinson, British television host ·
September 28 Milo Zeman, 3rd President of the Czech
Republic ·
September 30 Jimmy Johnstone, Scottish footballer
(d. 2006) October[edit]
·
October 2 Vernor Vinge, American science fiction
writer ·
Rocνo Dϊrcal,
Spanish singer and actress (d. 2006) ·
Tony La Russa, American baseball player and
manager ·
October 5 Arnhim Eustace, Vincentian politician and
3rd Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ·
October 6 Mylon LeFevre, American singer and
evangelist ·
John Entwistle, English musician (The Who) (d. 2002) ·
Nona Hendryx, American R&B singer (Labelle) ·
Peter Tosh, Jamaican singer and musician
(d. 1987) ·
October 12 Augustine Paul, Malaysian federal court
judge (d. 2010) ·
Mac Collins, American politician (d. 2018) ·
Şerif Gφren, Turkish film director ·
David Trimble, Northern Irish Unionist
political leader; recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize 1998 ·
October 20 Clive Hornby, English actor (d. 2008) ·
October 21 Jean-Pierre Sauvage,
French scientist; recipient of the Nobel Prize in
Chemistry 2016 ·
Azizan Abdul Razak,
Malaysian politician (d. 2013) ·
Kati Kovαcs, Hungarian jazz, pop and rock
musician ·
Jon Anderson, English rock singer-songwriter
and musician ·
October 27 Nikolai Karachentsov,
Russian actor (d. 2018) ·
Mariαn Labuda, Slovak actor (d. 2018) ·
Dennis Franz, American actor ·
October 30 Ahmed Chalabi, Iraqi businessman and
politician (d. 2015) ·
October 31 Hal Wick, American politician (d. 2018) November[edit]
·
Florindo Fabrizio,
American politician (d. 2018) ·
Bobby Heenan, American professional
wrestling manager and commentator (d. 2017) ·
Oscar Temaru, President of French Polynesia ·
Rafic Hariri, 2-Time Prime Minister of
Lebanon (d. 2005) ·
November 2 Keith Emerson, English keyboardist (d. 2016) ·
November 4 Linda Gary, American voice actress (d. 1995) ·
November 6 Wild Man Fischer, Outsider musician ·
November 7 Joe Niekro, American baseball player
(d. 2006) ·
Askar Akayevich Akayev, 1st President of
Kyrgyzstan ·
Silvestre Reyes, American politician ·
Tim Rice, lyricist, writer and broadcaster ·
Daniel Ortega, President of
Nicaragua ·
Kemal Sunal, Turkish comedian ·
Booker T. Jones, American musician, singer
and songwriter ·
Al Michaels, American sportscaster ·
Gene Clark, American singer-songwriter
(d. 1991) ·
Danny DeVito, American actor, film producer
and director ·
Rem Koolhaas, Dutch architect ·
Lorne Michaels, Canadian television and film
producer ·
Tom Seaver, American baseball player ·
Wolfgang Joop, German artist, fashion
designer, and art collector ·
Edwin C. Krupp, American astronomer author,
and Director of the Griffith Observatory ·
November 20 Donald DiFrancesco,
American lawyer and politician, 51st Governor of New
Jersey ·
Richard Durbin, American politician; United
States Senator (D-IL) ·
Harold Ramis, American actor, director and
comedy writer (d. 2014) ·
Candy Darling, American actress (d. 1974) ·
Ibrahim Gambari, Nigerian scholar and
diplomat ·
Ben Stein, American law professor, actor and
author ·
Michael Kijana
Wamalwa, Kenyan politician, 8th Vice President of
Kenya ·
November 27 Mickey Leland, U.S. House
of Representatives from Texas (d. 1989) ·
November 30 George Graham,
Scottish football player and manager December[edit]
·
December 1 John Densmore, drummer, member of The Doors. ·
Cathy Lee Crosby, American actress (That's
Incredible!) ·
Ibrahim Rugova, 1st President of Kosovo (d. 2006) ·
December 3 Ralph McTell English singer songwriter ·
December 4 Dennis Wilson, American singer, songwriter
and drummer (d. 1983) ·
December 5 Jeroen Krabbι, Dutch actor and film director ·
Kit Culkin, American stage actor ·
Ron Kenoly, American Christian leader ·
Sutiyoso, Indonesian politician, former
general and former governor of Jakarta ·
Jonathan King, British music producer ·
Daniel Chorzempa, American organist ·
Georges Coste, French Rugby player and coach ·
Tadashi Irie, Japanese yakuza boss ·
Ki Longfellow, American novelist ·
Brenda Lee, American singer ·
Lynda Day George, American actress ·
Teri Garr, American actress ·
Diana Bracho, Mexican actress ·
Kenneth Cranham, Scottish born actor ·
Cara Duff-MacCormick,
Canadian stage actress ·
December 17 Bernard Hill, British actor ·
Marνa Martha
Serra Lima, Argentine singer (d. 2017) ·
Tim Reid, American actor and comedian ·
Terry Underwood, Australian author ·
Bill
Atkinson, English footballer ·
Michael Tilson
Thomas, American conductor ·
Zheng Xiaoyu, Chinese bureaucrat (d. 2007) ·
December 22 Steve Carlton, American baseball player ·
Wesley Clark, U.S. general and NATO Supreme
Allied Commander ·
Ingar Knudtsen, Norwegian writer ·
December 24 Erhard Keller, German speed skater ·
December 25 Jairzinho, Brazilian football player ·
Bill Ayers, American education theorist and
former radical anti-war activist ·
Jane Lapotaire, British actress ·
Aleksey
Mikhalyov, Russian translator ·
Edgar Vivar, Mexican actor, Seρor Barriga
and Ρoρo in El Chavo del Ocho ·
Kary Mullis, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate ·
December 30 Joseph Hilbe, American statistician and
author ·
December 31 Jan Widstrφmer,
Swedish artist Date unknown[edit] ·
Sima Bina, Iranian vocalist ·
William Goad, British businessman and serial
child rapist (d. 2012) ·
Ahmad Kamyabi Mask,
Iranian scholar Deaths[edit] January[edit]
King Yuhi V of Rwanda
·
Edwin Lutyens, British architect (b. 1869) ·
Charles
Turner, Australian cricketer (b. 1862) ·
January 4 Kaj Munk, Danish playwright, Lutheran pastor and martyr (b. 1898) ·
January 6 Ida Tarbell, American journalist and muckraker (b. 1857) ·
January 7 Lou Henry Hoover, First
Lady of the United States (b. 1874) ·
William Emerson
Ritter, American biologist (b. 1856) ·
Andrey Toshev, Bulgarian scientist and
diplomat, 26th Andrey Toshev]]
(b. 1867) ·
Notable
Italian Fascist leaders executed in the Verona Trial ·
Emilio De Bono, General, former member of
the Grand Council of
Fascism (b. 1866) ·
Gian Galeazzo Ciano, 2nd Count of Cortellazzo and
Buccari, aristocrat and diplomat, former member of the Grand Council of
Fascism(b. 1903) ·
Giovanni Marinelli,
former member of the Grand Council of
Fascism (b. 1879) ·
Charles King,
American actor (b. 1889) ·
Edgard Potier, Belgian spy (suicide)
(b. 1903) ·
January 12 Nicholas
Bunkerd Kitbamrung, Thai Roman Catholic priest and blessed
(b. 1895) ·
January 13 King Yuhi V of Rwanda (b. 1883) ·
January 14 Mehmet Emin Yurdakul,
Turkish writer (b. 1869) ·
January 20 James McKeen Cattell,
American psychologist (b. 1860) ·
January 21 Yoshimi Nishida, Japanese general (b. 1892) ·
January 23 Edvard Munch, Norwegian painter (b. 1863) ·
January 25 Teresa Grillo Michel,
Italian Roman Catholic nun
and blessed (b. 1855) ·
January 29 William Allen White,
American journalist (b. 1868) ·
Jean Giraudoux, French writer (b. 1882) ·
Αrpαd Weisz, Hungarian footballer (b. 1896) February[edit]
·
February 1 Piet Mondrian, Dutch painter (b. 1872) ·
February 4 Yvette Guilbert, French singer and actress
(b. 1867) ·
February 7 Robert E. Park, American Sociologist
(b. 1864) ·
February 9 Agnes Mary
Frances Duclaux, British poet, essayist and novelist (b. 1857) ·
February 11 Carl Meinhof, German linguist (b. 1857) ·
Kenneth Gandar-Dower,
English sportsman, aviator, explorer and author (b. 1908) ·
Margaret Woodrow
Wilson, American singer; Presidential daughter (b. 1886) ·
February 13 Edgar Selwyn, American screenwriter
(b. 1875) ·
Carl
August Ehrensvδrd, Swedish admiral (b. 1858) ·
Henri Nathansen, Danish writer and director
(b. 1868) ·
February 21 Ferenc Szisz, Hungarian-born race car driver
(b. 1873) ·
February 23 Leo Baekeland, Belgian-born American chemist
(b. 1863) ·
February 29 Pehr Evind
Svinhufvud, Finnish politician, 1st Prime Minister
of Finland and 3rd President of Finland (b. 1861) March[edit]
·
March 3 Paul-Ιmile Janson,
Belgian politician, 30th Prime Minister
of Belgium (b. 1872) ·
March 4 Louis Buchalter, Jewish-born American
mobster, head of Murder, Inc. (executed) (b. 1897) ·
March 5 ·
Max Jacob, French poet (b. 1876) ·
Neel E. Kearby, American fighter ace (killed
in action) (b. 1911) ·
March 9 Demetrios
Capetanakis, Greek poet, essayist and critic (b. 1912) ·
March 11 ·
Hendrik Willem
van Loon, Dutch-born American historian, journalist and writer
(b. 1882) ·
Irvin S. Cobb, American writer (b. 1876) ·
March 15 ·
Otto von Below, German general (b. 1857) ·
Mariya Oktyabrskaya,
Soviet national hero (b. 1905) ·
March 17 Mario Bravo, Argentinian politician and
writer (b. 1862) ·
March 19 ·
Giuseppe de Liguoro,
Italian actor and director (b. 1869) ·
Noλl Ιdouard, vicomte de Curiθres de Castelnau,
French general (b. 1851) ·
March 22 Pierre Brossolette,
journalist and French Resistance fighter (b. 1903) ·
March 23 Myron Selznick, American film producer
(b. 1898) ·
March 24 ·
Aldo Finzi,
Italian politician (executed) (b. 1891) ·
Pietro Pappagallo,
Italian Roman Catholic priest
and blessed (b. 1888) ·
Orde Wingate, British soldier (b. 1903) ·
March 25 Omelyan Kovch, Soviet Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox priest, martyr and blessed
(b. 1884) ·
March 31 ·
Antoni Kiewnarski,
Polish WWII hero (b. 1899) ·
Mineichi Koga, Japanese admiral (b. 1885) ·
Włodzimierz
Kolanowski, Polish army officer (b. 1913) April[edit]
·
April 1 Sharifzyan Kazanbaev,
Soviet army officer (b. 1916) ·
April 2 John Batchelor,
British missionary and reverend (b. 1855) ·
April 9 Yevgeniya Rudneva,
Soviet WWII heroine (b. 1920) ·
April 13 Bartolomeo Gosio, Italian scientist
(b. 1863) ·
April 17 J. T. Hearne, English cricketer (b. 1867) ·
April 21 Hans-Valentin Hube,
German army general (b. 1890) ·
April 24 Charles Jordan,
American magician (b. 1888) ·
April 25 George Herriman, American cartoonist
(b. 1880) ·
April 28 ·
Mohammed Alim Khan, Emir of Bukhara (b. 1880) ·
Frank Knox, American Secretary of the Navy
during WWII (b. 1874) ·
April 29 ·
Billy Bitzer, American cinematographer
(b. 1874) ·
Bernardino Machado,
Portuguese political figure, 2-time Prime Minister
of Portugal and 2-time President of
Portugal (b. 1851) ·
April 30 Paul Poiret, French couturier (b. 1879) May[edit]
·
May 5 Bertha Benz, German automotive pioneer, wife
and business partner of automobile inventor Karl Benz (b. 1849) ·
May 7 William Ledyard
Rodgers, American admiral and military and naval historian
(b. 1860) ·
May 8 Albert Leo Stevens,
pioneering American balloonist (b. 1877) ·
May 11 Leon Kozłowski,
Polish archaeologist and politician, 25th Prime Minister
of Poland (b. 1892) ·
May 12 ·
Max Brand, American author (b. 1892) ·
Harold Lowe, British sailor, 5th officer of
the RMS Titanic (b. 1882) ·
Arthur Quiller-Couch,
British writer (b. 1863) ·
Edel Quinn, Irish Roman Catholic laywoman, missionary and
venerable (b. 1907) ·
May 15 Patriarch Sergius I (b. 1867) ·
May 16 George Ade, American author (b. 1866) ·
May 17 Milena Jesenskα,
Czechoslovakian journalist, writer, editor and translator (b. 1896) ·
May 20 ·
Fraser Barron, New Zealand bomber pilot
during WWII (b. 1921) ·
Eugenio Colorni, Italian philosopher and
activist (b. 1909) ·
Vincent Rose, American musician and band
leader (b. 1880) ·
May 21 Edmund Mortimer,
American actor and director (b. 1874) ·
May 23 Thomas Curtis, American Olympic athlete
(b. 1873) ·
May 24 ·
Inigo Campioni, Italian admiral (executed)
(b. 1878) ·
Matsuji Ijuin, Japanese admiral (b. 1893) ·
Luigi Mascherpa, Italian admiral (b. 1893) ·
Harold Bell Wright,
American writer (b. 1872) ·
May 25 Clark Daniel Stearns,
9th Governor of
American Samoa (b. 1870) ·
May 30 ·
Patriarch Mesrob
I Naroyan of Constantinople (b. 1875) ·
Jessie Ralph, American actress (b. 1864) June[edit]
·
June 5 Jσzef Beck, Polish statesman (b. 1894) ·
June 6 ·
Joseph Campbell,
Northern Irish poet and lyricist (b. 1879) ·
Wilhelm Falley, German general (killed in
action) (b. 1897) ·
Don Pratt, American general (killed in
action) (b. 1892) ·
Ker-Xavier Roussel,
French painter (b. 1867) ·
June 12 Erich Marcks, German general (b. 1891) ·
June 16 Marc Bloch, French historian (b. 1886) ·
June 25 ·
Dιnes Berinkey,
21st Prime Minister
of Hungary (b. 1871) ·
Lucha Reyes,
Mexican singer (b. 1906) ·
Marνa Chinchilla
Recinos, Guatemalan teacher (b. 1909) ·
June 27 Milan Hoda, Slovak politician, champion of
regional integration in Europe (b. 1878) ·
June 28 Anton Breinl, Australian medical
practitioner and researcher (b. 1880) July[edit]
·
July 1 Carl Mayer, Austrian screenwriter (b. 1894) ·
July 6 ·
Andrιe Borrel, French World War II heroine
(b. 1919) ·
Vera Leigh, British World War II heroine
(b. 1903) ·
Chūichi Nagumo,
Japanese admiral (b. 1887) ·
Sonya Olschanezky,
German World War II heroine (b. 1923) ·
Diana Rowden, British World War II heroine
(b. 1915) ·
July 7 Georges Mandel, French politician and WWII
hero (b. 1885) ·
July 8 ·
George B. Seitz, American director (b. 1888) ·
Takeo Takagi, Japanese admiral (b. 1892) ·
July 9 Ingvar Fredrik
Hεkansson, Swedish pilot (b. 1920) ·
July 12 ·
Jesus Baza Duenas,
Guamese Roman Catholic priest,
martyr and blessed (b. 1911) ·
Theodore Roosevelt
Jr., American political and business leader (b. 1887) ·
July 14 Asmahan, Syrian-born Egyptian singer (b.1918) ·
July 15 Joseph Sadi-Lecointe,
French aviator (b. 1891) ·
July 16 Moncena Dunn,
American inventor (b. 1867) ·
July 17 Tarsykiya Matskiv,
Soviet Roman Catholic and
Greek Orthodox religious
sister and blessed (b. 1919) ·
July 18 ·
Augusto De Angelis,
Italian writer and journalist (b. 1888) ·
George Holt,
American actor and director (b. 1878) ·
Rex Whistler, British artist (b. 1905) ·
July 20 ·
Heinz Brandt, German officer (b. 1907) ·
Mildred Harris, American actress (b. 1901) ·
Gόnther Korten,
German colonel-general, chief of staff of the Luftwaffe (b. 1898) ·
July 21 ·
Ludwig Beck, German general and Chief of the
German General Staff (b. 1880) ·
Werner von Haeften,
German resistance member (executed) (b. 1908) ·
Albrecht
Mertz von Quirnheim, German resistance leader (b. 1905) ·
Hans-Ulrich von
Oertzen, German resistance member (suicide) (b. 1915) ·
Friedrich Olbricht,
German resistance leader (b. 1888) ·
Claus von
Stauffenberg, German resistance leader (b. 1907) ·
Henning von Tresckow,
German general and resistance leader (suicide) (b. 1901) ·
July 23 Eduard Wagner, German general and resistance
member (suicide) (b. 1894) ·
July 25 ·
Lesley J. McNair, American general (b. 1883) ·
Jakob von Uexkόll,
Baltic German biologist (b. 1864) ·
July 26 ·
Clσvis Bevilαqua,
Brazilian jurist, historian and journalist (b. 1859) ·
Wessel
Freytag von Loringhoven, German resistance member (suicide)
(b. 1899) ·
Takakazu Kinashi, Japanese army officer
(b. 1902) ·
Reza Pahlavi,
20th Prime Minister of
Iran and Shah of Iran (b. 1877) ·
July 27 Perry McGillivray,
American Olympic swimmer (b. 1893) ·
July 28 Werner Schrader, German resistance member
(suicide) (b. 1895) ·
July 30 ·
Nikolai
Nikolaevich Polikarpov, Soviet aeronautical engineer and aircraft
designer (b. 1892) ·
Lee Powell,
American actor (b. 1908) ·
July 31 Antoine de
Saint-Exupιry, French pilot and writer (b. 1900) August[edit]
Berthold
Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg
·
August 1 ·
Jean Prιvost, French writer and journalist,
member of the Maquis (b. 1901) ·
Manuel L. Quezon, Filipino statesman,
soldier and politician, 2nd President of
the Philippines (b. 1878) ·
August 2 Kakuji Kakuta, Japanese admiral (b. 1890) ·
August 4 Krzysztof
Kamil Baczyński, Polish poet (b. 1921) ·
August 5 Jędrzej
Moraczewski, Polish politician, 2nd Prime Minister
of Poland (b. 1870) ·
August 7 Jadwiga Falkowska,
Polish teacher and activist (b. 1889) ·
August 8 ·
Robert Bernardis, German resistance fighter
(executed) (b. 1908) ·
Albrecht von Hagen,
German resistance fighter (executed) (b. 1904) ·
Paul von Hase, German general and resistance
leader (executed) (b. 1885) ·
Erich Hoepner, German colonel-general and
resistance leader (executed) (b. 1886) ·
Juliusz
Kaden-Bandrowski, Polish journalist and novelist (b. 1885) ·
Hellmuth Stieff, German resistance fighter
(executed) (b. 1901) ·
Michael Wittmann, German tank commander
(killed in action) (b. 1914) ·
Erwin von Witzleben,
German Field Marshal and resistance leader (executed) (b. 1881) ·
Peter Yorck
von Wartenburg, German resistance fighter (executed) (b. 1904) ·
August 9 Felix Nussbaum, German painter (b. 1904) ·
Alfred Kranzfelder,
German resistance fighter (b. 1908) ·
Fritz-Dietlof
von der Schulenburg, German resistance fighter (b. 1902) ·
Berthold
Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, Nazi opponent and lawyer (b. 1905) ·
Hans Albrecht, Hereditary Prince of Schleswig-Holstein (b. 1917) ·
Francesco
Federico Falco, Italian doctor (b. 1866) ·
Hideyoshi Obata, Japanese general (b. 1890) ·
Jose Garvida Flores,
Filipino writer, poet and playwright (b. 1900) ·
Joseph P. Kennedy
Jr., American fighter pilot, oldest son of Joseph P. Kennedy (b. 1915) ·
Suzanne Spaak, Belgian World War II heroine
(b. 1905) ·
Egbert Hayessen, German resistance fighter
(b. 1913) ·
Hans Bernd von
Haeften, German resistance fighter (b. 1905) ·
Wolf-Heinrich
Graf von Helldorff, German police chief and resistance fighter
(b. 1896) ·
Franciszek
Brodniewicz, Polish actor (b. 1892) ·
Eugιnio de Castro,
Portuguese poet and writer (b. 1869) ·
Eugeniusz
Horbaczewski, Polish pilot (b. 1917) ·
Ernst Thδlmann,
German Communist leader (executed) (b. 1886) ·
Gόnther von Kluge,
German field marshal (suicide) (b. 1882) ·
Henry Wood, British conductor (b. 1869) ·
Friedrich Gustav
Jaeger, German resistance fighter (b. 1895) ·
Maciej Kalenkiewicz,
Polish engineer and military officer (b. 1906) ·
Marian Lalewicz, Polish architect (b. 1876) ·
Aleksander
Augustynowicz, Polish painter (b. 1865) ·
Abdόlmecid II, last Caliph of the Ottoman
Empire (b. 1868) ·
Otto Kiep, German resistance fighter
(b. 1886) ·
Nikolai Roslavets,
Soviet composer (b. 1880) ·
August 24 Carlo Emanuele
Buscaglia, Italian aviator (b. 1915) ·
August 25 Teresio
Vittorio Martinoli, Italian pilot (b. 1917) ·
Hans Georg Klamroth,
German resistance fighter (executed) (b. 1898) ·
Hans Leesment, Estonian general (b. 1873) ·
Ludwig
Freiherr von Leonrod, German resistance fighter (executed)
(b. 1906) ·
Adam von Trott zu
Solz, German diplomat and resistance fighter (executed) (b. 1909) ·
Carlo Fecia di
Cossato, Italian navy officer (b. 1908) ·
Princess
Mafalda of Savoy (b. 1902) ·
Teresa Bracco, Italian Roman Catholic religious sister and
blessed (killed in battle) (b. 1924) ·
Rudolf Breitscheid,
German politician (b. 1874) ·
Bronislaw Kaminski,
Polish army officer (b. 1899) ·
Moissaye Boguslawski,
American pianist and composer (b. 1887) ·
Eberhard Finckh, German resistance fighter
(b. 1899) ·
Hans Otfried von
Linstow, German resistance fighter (b. 1899) ·
Carl-Heinrich
von Stόlpnagel, German general and resistance leader (b. 1886) September[edit]
·
September 1 Krystyna
Dąbrowska, Polish sculptor and painter (b. 1906) ·
September 2 Maria Vetulani de
Nisau, Polish soldier (b. 1898) ·
Erich Fellgiebel, German general and
resistance fighter (b. 1886) ·
Heinrich
Graf von Lehndorff-Steinort, German resistance fighter (b. 1909) ·
Fritz Thiele, German general and resistance
fighter (b. 1894) ·
September 5 Gustave Biιler,
Swiss WWII hero (b. 1904) ·
September 6 Jan Franciszek
Czartoryski, Polish Roman Catholic priest, martyr and
blessed (b. 1897) ·
September 7 Eduardo
Sαnchez de Fuentes, Cuban composer (b. 1897) ·
Georg Hansen, German resistance fighter
(b. 1904) ·
Ulrich von Hassell,
German diplomat and resistance fighter (b. 1881) ·
Paul Lejeune-Jung,
German resistance fighter (b. 1882) ·
Ulrich Wilhelm Graf Schwerin von Schwanenfeld, German
resistance fighter (b. 1902) ·
Gόnther Smend, German resistance fighter
(b. 1912) ·
Josef Wirmer, German resistance fighter
(b. 1901) ·
September 9 Robert Benoist, French race car driver and
war hero (b. 1895) ·
September 11 Joseph Mόller,
German Roman Catholic priest
and Servant of God (executed) (b. 1894) ·
September 12 Robert Fiske,
American actor (b. 1889) ·
Yolande Beekman, French WWII heroine
(b. 1911) ·
Madeleine Damerment,
French WWII heroine (b. 1917) ·
Noor Inayat Khan, Indian WWII heroine
(b. 1914) ·
Eliane Plewman, British WWII heroine
(b. 1917) ·
W. Heath Robinson,
British cartoonist and illustrator (b. 1872) ·
Heinrich
Graf zu Dohna-Schlobitten, German resistance fighter (b. 1882) ·
John Kenneth
Macalister, Canadian WWII hero (b. 1914) ·
Michael Graf
von Matuschka, German resistance fighter (b. 1888) ·
Frank Pickersgill,
Canadian WWII hero (b. 1915) ·
Romιo Sabourin,
Canadian WWII hero (b. 1923) ·
Nikolaus
von άxkόll-Gyllenband, German resistance fighter (b. 1877) ·
Hermann Josef Wehrle,
German Catholic priest and resistance member (b. 1899) ·
September 16 Gustav Bauer, 11th Chancellor of
Germany (b. 1870) ·
Hendrikus Colijn, Dutch policeman,
politician and businessman, 25th Prime
Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1869) ·
Anton Saefkow, German communist (b. 1903) ·
September 22 Fritz Lindemann, German army officer
(b. 1894) ·
September 23 Matylda Palfyova, Czechoslovakian artistic
gymnast (b. 1912) ·
Walter Breisky, Austrian civil servant,
acting Chancellor of
Austria (b. 1871) ·
Eugeniusz Lokajski,
Polish athlete, gymnast and photographer (b. 1909) ·
Leo Chiozza Money,
Italian-British economist and politician (b. 1870) ·
September 27 Aristide Maillol, French sculptor and
painter (b. 1861) ·
September 28 Josef Bόrckel, German Nazi gauleiter
(b. 1895) ·
Otto Herfurth, German general and resistance
fighter (b. 1893) ·
Wilhelm Leuschner German
politician and resistance fighter (b. 1890) ·
Joachim Meichssner,
German resistance fighter (b. 1906) ·
Joachim Sadrozinski,
German resistance fighter (b. 1907) October[edit]
·
October 1 Rudolf Schmundt, German general (b. 1896) ·
Benjamin Fondane, Romanian-French Symbolist
poet, critic and existentialist philosopher (gassed in Auschwitz
concentration camp) (b. 1898) ·
Juliαn Felipe, Filipino musician and
bandleader (b. 1861) ·
Maeda Toshisada, Japanese politician
(b. 1874) ·
October 4 Al Smith, American politician (b. 1873) ·
October 5 Prince Gustav of
Denmark (b. 1887) ·
October 8 Wendell Willkie, American politician
(b. 1892) ·
October 9 Kitty Marion, German-born actress and
women's rights activist in England and the United States (b. 1871) ·
Ramσn Castillo,
Argentinian politician, 25th President of
Argentina (b. 1873) ·
Carl Langbehn, German resistance member
(b. 1901) ·
Rudolf von
Marogna-Redwitz, German resistance member (b. 1886) ·
Hans-Jόrgen
von Blumenthal, German resistance member (b. 1907) ·
Roland von Hφίlin,
German resistance member (b. 1915) ·
October 14 Erwin Rommel, German field marshal (b. 1891) ·
October 17 Anton Hafner, German aviator (b. 1918) ·
Alexander,
Prince of Erbach-Schφnberg (b. 1872) ·
Josef Maria Eder, Austrian chemist (b. 1855) ·
Isadore Bernstein,
American screenwriter (b. 1867) ·
Deneys Reitz, South African soldier and
diplomat (b. 1882) ·
Eduard Brόcklmeier,
German diplomat and resistance member (b. 1903) ·
Hermann Maaί, German politician and
resistance member (b. 1897) ·
Adolf Reichwein, German politician and
resistance member (b. 1898) ·
Alois Kayser, German missionary (b. 1877) ·
Hilma af Klint, Swedish abstract painter
(b. 1862) ·
October 22 Richard Bennett,
American actor (b. 1870) ·
October 23 Charles Glover
Barkla, British physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
(b. 1877) ·
Shōji Nishimura,
Japanese vice admiral (b. 1889) ·
Karl Freiherr
von Thόngen, German general and resistance member (executed)
(b. 1893) ·
HRH The
Princess Beatrice, youngest and last surviving child of Queen Victoria (b. 1857) ·
Hiroyoshi Nishizawa,
Japanese fighter ace (b. 1920) ·
Josι de la
Riva-Agόero y Osma, Peruvian historian, writer and politician,
84th Prime Minister of
Peru (b. 1885) ·
William Temple, Archbishop of
Canterbury (b. 1881) November[edit]
·
Ismael Pιrez Pazmiρo,
Ecuadoran writer (b. 1876) ·
Andrey Sheptytsky,
Soviet Eastern Catholic archbishop
and venerable (b. 1865) ·
Karol Irzykowski, Polish writer (b. 1873) ·
Thomas Midgley, Jr.,
American chemist and inventor (b. 1889) ·
November 4 John Dill, Field Marshal of the British Army
(b. 1881) ·
November 5 Alexis Carrel, French surgeon and biologist,
recipient of the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1873) ·
Max Bergmann, German biochemist (b. 1886) ·
Hannah Szenes, Hungarian World War II
heroine (b. 1921) ·
November 8 Jane Grey,
American actress (b. 1883) ·
Wang Jingwei, Chinese statesman, President
of the Nanjing-based and Japanese-supported collaborationist Government of
the Republic of China (b. 1883) ·
Friedrich
Werner von der Schulenburg, German diplomat and resistance member
(b. 1875) ·
November 12 George F. Houston,
American actor (b. 1896) ·
Carl Lampert, Austrian Roman Catholic priest and blessed
(b. 1894) ·
Friedrich Lorenz, German Roman Catholic priest and blessed
(b. 1897) ·
Walter Cramer, German resistance member (b.
1886) ·
Trafford
Leigh-Mallory, British aviator and Royal Air Force Air Chief
Marshal (b. 1892) ·
Bernhard Letterhaus,
German trade unionist and resistance member (b. 1894) ·
Ferdinand von
Lόninck, German politician and resistance member (b. 1888) ·
November 16 Maria Rodziewiczσwna,
Polish writer (b. 1863) ·
November 19 Ignacio Bolνvar,
Spanish naturalist and entomologist (b. 1850) ·
Joseph Caillaux, French politician,
57th Prime Minister
of France (b. 1863) ·
Arthur Eddington, British astronomer,
physicist and mathematician (b. 1882) ·
November 25 Kenesaw Mountain
Landis, 1st commissioner of Major League
Baseball (b. 1866) ·
November 26 Florence Foster
Jenkins, American socialite and singer (b. 1868) ·
November 30 Lilo Gloeden, German resistance member (b.
1903) December[edit]
Prince
Andrew of Greece and Denmark
·
December 1 Franciszek
Pius Radziwiłł, Polish nobleman and activist (b. 1878) ·
Filippo Tommaso
Marinetti, Italian poet, editor and art theorist, founder of
the Futurist movement (b. 1876) ·
Josef Lhιvinne,
Soviet pianist (b. 1874) ·
December 3 Prince
Andrew of Greece and Denmark (b. 1882) ·
December 4 Roger Bresnahan, American baseball player
and member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1879) ·
December 9 Laird Cregar, American actor (b. 1913) ·
December 11 Montgomery
Cunningham Meigs, American WWII hero (b. 1919) ·
December 12 Bernard Chrzanowski,
Polish activist (b. 1861) ·
Wassily Kandinsky,
Russian-born Polish artist (b. 1866) ·
Lupe Vιlez, Mexican actress (b. 1908) ·
December 15 Glenn Miller, American band leader
(accident) (b. 1904) ·
December 19 King Abbas II of Egypt (b. 1874) ·
Caesar von Hofacker,
German resistance member (b. 1896) ·
Carl Wentzel, German resistance member (b.
1875) ·
December 22 Harry Langdon, American comedian (b. 1884) ·
December 26 George Bellamy,
British actor (b. 1866) ·
December 27 Sαra Salkahαzi,
Hungarian Roman Catholic religious
sister and blessed (b. 1899) ·
December 30 Romain Rolland, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate
(b. 1866) ·
December 31 Vicente Lim, Filipino general of the Armed
Forces of the Philippines (b. 1889) Nobel Prizes[edit]
·
Medicine Joseph Erlanger, Herbert Spencer
Gasser ·
Literature Johannes V. Jensen ·
Peace International
Committee of the Red Cross References[edit] 1.
^ Ford, Ken (2004). Cassino 1944: Breaking the
Gustav Line. Oxford: Osprey. p. 12. ISBN 978-1-84176-623-2. 2.
^ "Convoy Mo-Ta-06 (モタ61船団)" (PDF). All Japan Seamen's Union. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 3.
^ Jump up to:a b "Greatest
Maritime Disasters". International Registry of Sunken Ships.
Retrieved 2010-12-06. 4.
^ "More Maritime Disasters of World War II".
George Duncan. Archived from the original on 2011-04-04.
Retrieved 2010-12-06. 5.
^ Jump up to:a b "List of sunken ships in Pacific War (太平洋戦争時の喪失船舶明細表)" (PDF). Sunken Ships Record Association (戦没船を記録する会). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-12-02. Retrieved 2012-10-20. 6.
^ Kynaston, David (2007). Austerity Britain
19451951. London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-0-7475-7985-4. 8.
^ "Convoy Take Ichi" (PDF). All Japan Seamen's Union. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 9.
^ Small, Ken; Rogerson, Mark (1988). The Forgotten
Dead Why 946 American Servicemen Died off the Coast of Devon in 1944 and
the Man who Discovered their True Story. London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 0-7475-0309-5. 10.
^ Fenton, Ben (26 April 2004). "The disaster that could have scuppered
Overlord". The Daily Telegraph.
London. 11.
^ Savill, Richard (26 April 2004). "Last of torpedo survivors remembers brave
buddies". The Daily Telegraph. 12.
^ Wasley, Gerald (1994). Devon at War, 19391945.
Tiverton: Devon Books. p. 157. ISBN 0-86114-885-1. 13.
^ Jump up to:a b "Year
by Year 1944" History
Channel International 14.
^ Kaiser, Don (2011). "K-Ships Across the Atlantic" (PDF). Naval Aviation News. 93 (2).
Retrieved 2011-09-23. 15.
^ "Blimp Squadron 14". Warwingsart.com.
Retrieved 2011-09-23. 16.
^ Asperger, H. (1991) [1944]. "'Autistic
psychopathy' in childhood". In Frith, Uta. Autism and Asperger
Syndrome. Cambridge University Press. pp. 3792. ISBN 0-521-38448-6. 17.
^ Asperger, Hans (3 June 1944). "Die "Autistischen Psychopathen" im
Kindesalter". Archiv fόr Psychiatrie und
Nervenkrankheiten. 117 (1): 76&ndash, 136. doi:10.1007/BF01837709.
Retrieved 18 August 2014. 18.
^ Foot, M. R. D. (1999). SOE:
An Outline History of the Special Operations Executive 194046. London:
Pimlico. p. 143. ISBN 0-7126-6585-4. 19.
^ Jump up to:a b c d Penguin
Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0. 20.
^ Neufeld, Michael J. (1995). The Rocket and the
Reich: Peenemόnde and the Coming of the Ballistic Missile Era. New York: The
Free Press. pp. 158, 160162, 190. 21.
^ "Nikkin Maru - Casualties (日錦丸の被害)" (PDF). All Japan Seamen's Union. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 22.
^ 56 F. Supp. 716 (N.D. Cal 1944). 23.
^ Radinger, Will; Schick, Walter (1996). Me
262 (in German). Berlin: Avantic Verlag GmbH. ISBN 3-925505-21-0. 24.
^ Prose, Francine (2014-08-01). "Anne Frank's final entry". CNN.
Retrieved 2014-08-01. On Friday, August 4, 1944... a car pulled up
in front of a spice warehouse at 263 Prinsengracht in Amsterdam. Inside
the car were an Austrian Gestapo officer and his Dutch subordinates, who,
acting on a tip-off (whose source has never been identified), had come to
arrest the eight Jews who had been hiding for two years in an attic above the
warehouse. The eight prisoners were taken to a deportation camp, from where
they were sent to Auschwitz. Only one of
them, Otto Frank, would survive. 25.
^ Cressman, Robert J. (2000). The Official
Chronology of the U.S. Navy in WWII. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute
Press. p. 248. ISBN 978-1-55750-149-3. 26.
^ "Convoy Hi-71 (ヒ71船団)" (PDF). All Japan Seamen's Union. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 27.
^ Van der Zee, Henri A. (1982). The Hunger Winter:
Occupied Holland 19445. London: Norman & Hobhouse. ISBN 978-0-906908-71-6. 28.
^ van der Kuil, Peter (March 2003). "List of Casualties". The
Sinking of the Junyo Maru. Archived from the original on 2012-03-12. 29.
^ Larsen, Henry A. (1967). The Big Ship: an
autobiography. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart. 30.
^ "Across the Northwest Passage: The Larsen
Expeditions". University of Calgary. Retrieved 2012-12-17. 31.
^ "Antwerp, "City of Sudden Death"". V2Rocket.com. Retrieved 2013-04-24. 32.
^ Gile, Chester A. (February 1963).
"The Mount Hood Explosion". Proceedings. United
States Naval Institute. 33.
^ Jump up to:a b "Convoy
Hi-81 (ヒ81船団)" (PDF). All Japan Seamen's Union. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 34.
^ As Kenneth Branagh is to do over forty
years later in his successful remake. 35.
^ Reed, John (1977). "Largest Wartime Explosions:
21 Maintenance Unit, RAF Fauld, Staffs. November 27, 1944". After the Battle. 18:
3540. ISSN 0306-154X. 36.
^ Cressman, Robert J. (2000). The Official
Chronology of the U.S. Navy in WWII. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute
Press. p. 278. ISBN 978-1-55750-149-3. 37.
^ "The
Sinking of SS Leopoldville". uboat.net. Retrieved 2010-07-04. 38.
^ Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of
British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 392394. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2. 39.
^ "Battle
of Britain". ww2db.com. Retrieved 2016-05-16. 40.
^ Guggisberg, Charles Albert Walter (1961). Simba:
the life of the lion. Cape Town: Howard Timmins. |
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