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1945 (MCMXLV) was
a common year starting
on Monday of the Gregorian calendar,
the 1945th year of the Common Era (CE)
and Anno Domini (AD)
designations, the 945th year of the 2nd millennium, the 45th year of
the 20th century,
and the 6th year of the 1940s decade. This
year also marks the end of the Second World War, the deadliest conflict in
human history. Contents · 1Events · 2Births · 3Deaths Events[edit] Below, events of World War II have the "WWII"
prefix. January[edit] January 27: The Soviet Red Army liberates Auschwitz. ·
January
– WWII: Allied
advance from Paris to the Rhine continues; the United States Army crosses
the Siegfried Line. ·
January 1 – WWII: ·
Germany begins Operation Bodenplatte,
an attempt by the Luftwaffe to
cripple Allied air
forces in the Low Countries. ·
The Chenogne massacre in
which German prisoners are allegedly killed by American forces near the
village of Chenogne, Belgium. ·
January 5 – Australia recognizes
the Polish
Committee of National Liberation as the government of Poland. ·
January 6 – A German offensive
recaptures Esztergom, Hungary from the Russians. ·
January 7 – WWII: British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press
conference at Zonhoven describing
his role at the Battle of the Bulge. ·
January 12 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the Vistula–Oder Offensive in
Eastern Europe against the German Army. ·
January 13 – WWII: The Soviet Union
begins the East Prussian
Offensive to eliminate German forces in East Prussia. ·
January 16 – WWII: Adolf Hitler takes residence in
the Führerbunker in
Berlin. ·
WWII:
The Soviet Union occupies Warsaw, Poland. ·
The
Holocaust: A Soviet patrol arrests Raoul Wallenberg in Hungary. ·
January 18 – The Holocaust: The SS begins
evacuation of Auschwitz
concentration camp. Nearly 60,000 prisoners, mostly Jews, are
forced to march to other locations in Germany; as many as 15,000 die. The
7,000 too sick to move are left without supplies being distributed. ·
The
Holocaust: Soviet forces liberate the Łódź
Ghetto; only 877 Jews of the initial population of 164,000 remain
at this time. ·
Franklin D.
Roosevelt is sworn
in for a fourth term as President of the United States, the
only President ever to exceed two terms. ·
Germany
begins the Evacuation of
East Prussia. ·
January 23 – WWII: ·
Hungary
agrees to an armistice with
the Allies. ·
German
Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz orders
the start of Operation Hannibal,
the mass evacuation by sea of German troops and civilians from the Courland Pocket, East Prussia and
the Polish Corridor evacuating
an estimated 800,000-900,000 German civilians and 350,000 soldiers from
advancing Soviet forces. ·
January 24 – WWII: AP war correspondent Joseph
Morton, nine OSS men,
and four SOE agents
are executed by the Germans at Mauthausen
concentration camp under Hitler's Commando Order of 1942 which stipulates
the immediate execution of all captured Allied commandos or saboteurs without trial, even those in
proper uniforms. Morton is the only Allied correspondent
to be executed by the Axis during
the war. ·
January 26 – WWII: Infantry action
at Holtzwihr, France, for which Audie Murphy is awarded the Medal of Honor.[1] ·
January 27 – The Holocaust: The Soviet Red Army liberates the Auschwitz and
Birkenau concentration camps. ·
January 28 – WWII: Supplies begin to
reach China over the newly reopened Burma Road. ·
January 30 – WWII: ·
MV Wilhelm
Gustloff, with over 10,000 mainly civilian Germans from
Gotenhafen (Gdynia) is sunk in Gdańsk Bayby three torpedoes from the Soviet
submarine S-13 in the Baltic Sea; up to 9,400, 5,000 of whom are
children, are thought to have died – the greatest loss of life in a single
ship sinking in history. ·
Raid at Cabanatuan:
121 American soldiers and 800 Filipino guerrillas free 813 American prisoners of war from the Japanese-held
camp in the city of Cabanatuan in
the Philippines. ·
Adolf Hitler makes his last public
speech to be delivered personally, on broadcast radio, expressing the belief
that Germany will triumph. ·
January 31 – WWII: ·
The Battle of Hill 170 in
the Burma Campaign ends with the British 3rd Commando Brigade defeating
the Imperial
Japanese Army 54th Division causing the Japanese
Twenty-Eighth Army to withdraw from the Arakan peninsula. ·
Eddie Slovik is executed by firing
squad near Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines for desertion, the only U.S. soldier since
the American Civil War ever
executed for this offense. February[edit] The "Big Three" at the Yalta Conference: Winston Churchill, Franklin D.
Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin, February 4, 1945. During the Battle of Iwo Jima,
U.S. Marines land on the island, February
19, 1945. ·
February ·
Anne Frank dies of typhus in the Bergen-Belsen
concentration camp, Lower Saxony, Germany.[2] ·
Raymond
L. Libby of American Cyanamid's
research laboratories at Stamford,
Connecticut, announces a method of orally administering the
antibiotic penicillin.[3] ·
February 3 – WWII: ·
Battle of Manila:
United States forces enter the outskirts of Manila to capture it from the Japanese Imperial
Army, starting the battle. On February 4, U.S. Army forces
liberate Santo Tomas
Internment Camp in the city. ·
The Soviet Union agrees to enter the Pacific War against Japan once
hostilities against Germany are concluded. ·
February 4–11 – WWII: President Franklin D.
Roosevelt, Prime
Minister of the United Kingdom Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin hold the Yalta Conference. ·
February 6 – French writer Robert Brasillach is
executed for collaboration with
the Germans. ·
February 7 – WWII: General Douglas MacArthur returns
to Manila. ·
February 8 – The Alaska
Anti-Discrimination Act of 1945, championed by the charismatic native
leader, Elizabeth
Peratrovich. The territorial Senate voted on the bill and it was
passed, after being defeated just two years before in 1943 by the territorial
legislature. ·
Walter Ulbricht becomes leader of the
German Communists in
Moscow. ·
WWII:
"Black Friday":
A force of Allied Bristol Beaufighter aircraft
suffers heavy casualties in an unsuccessful attack on German
destroyer Z33 and escorting vessels sheltering
in Fřrde Fjord,
Norway. ·
February 10 – WWII: 3,608 drown when
the troopship SS General
von Steuben is sunk by the Soviet
submarine S-13.[4] ·
February 10–20 – WWII: Operation Kita: The Imperial Japanese
Navy returns "Completion Force", containing both
its Ise-class battleships, safely from Singapore to Kure in Japan despite Allied attacks. ·
February 13 – WWII: ·
Soviet forces capture Budapest, Hungary, from the Nazis. ·
Royal Air Force and United
States Army Air Forces bombing
of Dresden, Germany. 22,000-25,000 are estimated to have died. ·
February 16 – WWII: ·
The Bombing
of Wesel begins, destroying 97% of the town over three days. ·
American
and Filipino ground forces land on Corregidor Island in the Philippines. ·
Combined
American and Filipino forces recapture the Bataan Peninsula. ·
Venezuela declares war on Germany. ·
February 19–February 20 – 980 Japanese soldiers die
as a result of being attacked by long saltwater crocodiles in Ramree, Burma.[5] ·
February 19 – WWII – Battle of Iwo Jima:
About 30,000 United States
Marines land on Iwo Jima. ·
February 21 – The last V-2-rocket is launched from Peenemünde. ·
February 22 – WWII: ·
Italian
Front: end of the Battle of Monte
Castello, after nearly three months of fighting, Brazilian
troops expel German forces of a pivot point in the (Tuscan) North
Apennines, where their artillery was impeding the advance of Eighth
British Army toward Bologna; ·
Uruguay declares war on Germany and
Japan. ·
February 23 – WWII: ·
Battle of Iwo Jima:
A group of United States
Marines reach the top of Mount Suribachi on the island and are
photographed raising the American flag.
The photo, Raising the
Flag on Iwo Jima (taken by Joe Rosenthal), later wins a Pulitzer Prize. ·
The 11th
Airborne Division, with Filipino guerrillas, freed the captives
of the Los Bańos internment
camp. ·
The
capital of the Philippines, Manila,
is liberated by combined American and Filipino ground troops. ·
American
and Filipino troops enter Intramuros, Manila. ·
The
German garrison in Poznań capitulates
to Red Army and Polish troops. ·
Bombing
of Pforzheim: Heaviest of a series of bombing raids on Pforzheim in Germany by Allied aircraft
is carried out by the British Royal Air Force. As many as 17,600 people,
or 31.4% of the town's population, are killed in the raid and about 83% of
the town's buildings destroyed, two-thirds of its complete area and between
80 and 100% of the inner city. ·
Turkey joins the war on the Allies' side. ·
February 24 – The Egyptian
Premier Ahmad Mahir Pasha is
killed in Parliament after reading a decree. ·
February 27 – The Bombing
of Mainz resulted in 1,209 confirmed dead, finally 80% of the
city was destroyed. ·
February 28 – In Bucharest, a violent demonstration takes
place, during which the bolşevic group opens fire on
the army and protesters. In response, Andrei Y. Vishinsky, USSR vice
commissioner of foreign affairs and president of the Allied Control
Commission for Romania, travels to
Bucharest to compel Nicolae Rădescuto
resign as premier. March[edit] ·
March 1 – President Franklin D.
Roosevelt gives what will be his last address to a joint
session of the United States Congress, reporting on the Yalta Conference. ·
March 2 ·
Former
U.S. Vice-President Henry A. Wallace starts his term of
office as U.S.
Secretary of Commerce, serving under President Franklin D.
Roosevelt. ·
The
rocket-propelled Bachem Ba 349 Natter is
first test launched at Stetten am kalten
Markt. The launch fails and the pilot, Lothar Sieber, dies.[6] ·
March 3 – WWII: ·
Finland
declares war on the Axis powers. ·
United
States and Filipino troops take Manila, Philippines. ·
Bombing of
the Bezuidenhout: The British Royal Air Force accidentally bombs
the Bezuidenhout neighbourhood
in The Hague, Netherlands, killing 511 people. ·
March 4 ·
In
the United Kingdom, The Princess Elizabeth,
later to become Queen Elizabeth II, joins the British Army's Women's
Auxiliary Territorial Service as a truck driver/mechanic. ·
Football
club Red Star Belgrade (in
Serbian: FK Crvena zvezda) formed in Belgrade, Yugoslavia. ·
March 5 – WWII: Brazilian troops take
Castelnuovo (Vergato), in the last prior operations for
the Allied Spring
1945 offensive in Italy. ·
March 6 ·
A
Communist-led government is formed in Romania under Petru Groza following Soviet intervention. ·
Resistance
fighters accidentally ambush and attempt to execute SS general Hanns Albin Rauter,
the arch-persecutor of the Dutch. ·
March 7 – WWII: At the end of Operation Lumberjack,
American troops seize the Ludendorff Bridge over
the Rhine at Remagen in Germany and begin to cross;
in the next 10 days 25,000 troops with equipment are able to cross. ·
March 8 ·
Josip Broz Tito forms a Provisional Government of the Democratic Federal
Yugoslavia in Kingdom of
Yugoslavia. ·
The
Nazi authorities kill 117 Dutch men in reprisal for the attempted murder
of Hanns Albin Rauter. ·
Operation
Sunrise: Waffen-SS General Karl Wolff meets with Allen Welsh Dulles of
the United States Office of
Strategic Services at Lucerne in neutral Switzerland to
negotiate surrender of the Axis forces in Italy to the Allies. ·
March 9–10 – WWII: Bombing
of Tokyo: USAAF B-29 bombers attack Tokyo, Japan, with incendiary bombs,
killing 100,000 citizens in the firebombing. It was the single most destructive
air attack of World War II. ·
March 9 – The film Les Enfants du
Paradis premieres in Paris. ·
March 11 ·
The Empire of Japan establishes the Empire of Vietnam,
a puppet state which
will last only until August 23, with Bảo
Đại as its ruler. ·
Sammarinese
general election gives San Marino the world's first
democratically elected communist government,
which will hold power to 1957.[7][8] ·
March 12 – WWII: Swinemünde is destroyed by the USAAF
killing an estimated 8,000 to 23,000 civilians, mostly refugees saved
by Operation Hannibal. ·
March 15–31 – WWII: The Soviet Red Army carries out the Upper Silesian
Offensive. ·
March 15 – The 17th Academy Awards ceremony
is held, broadcast via radio for the first time. Best
Picture goes to Going My Way. ·
March 16 – WWII: ·
The Battle of Iwo Jima unofficially
ends, with pockets of guerrilla resistance persisting until the official
conclusion of the battle. ·
The Bombing
of Würzburg as part of the strategic bombing campaign by the
Allies against Nazi Germany destructed 89% of the city and caused 4,000 dead
people. ·
March 17 – WWII: Kobe,
Japan is
fire-bombed by 331 B-29 bombers,
killing over 8,000 people. ·
March 18 – WWII: 1,250 American bombers
attack Berlin. ·
March 19 – WWII: ·
Adolf Hitler orders that all
industries, military installations, machine shops, transportation facilities
and communications facilities in Germany be destroyed. ·
Off
the coast of Japan, bombers hit the aircraft carrier USS Franklin,
killing about 800 of her crewmen and crippling the ship. ·
March 21 – WWII: ·
British
troops liberate Mandalay, Burma. ·
Bulgarian and Soviet troops successfully defend the
north bank of the Drava River as
the Battle
of the Transdanubian Hills concludes. ·
March 22 ·
Arab League is formed with the adoption
of a charter in Cairo, Egypt. ·
Hildesheim Cathedral in
Germany is destroyed in an air raid. ·
March 24 ·
WWII
– Operation Varsity:
Two airborne divisions capture bridges across the Rhine River to aid the Allied advance. ·
The
cartoon character Sylvester the
cat debuts in Life with Feathers. ·
March 26 – WWII: The Battle of Iwo Jima officially
ends, with the destruction of the remaining areas of Japanese resistance. ·
March 27 – WWII: Argentina declares war on Germany and Japan. ·
March 29 ·
WWII:
The Red Army almost destroys the German 4th Army in
the Heiligenbeil Pocket in East Prussia. ·
The
"Clash of Titans": George Mikan and Bob Kurland duel at Madison
Square Garden in New York as Oklahoma
State University defeats DePaul 52–44
in basketball. ·
March 30 – WWII: ·
The Red Army pushes most of the Axis forces
out of Hungary into Austria. ·
Alger Hiss is congratulated in Moscow
for his part in bringing positions of Western powers and the Soviet Union
closer to each other at the Yalta Conference. April[edit] The Japanese
battleship Yamatoexplodes after persistent attacks
from U.S. aircraft during the Battle of Okinawa,
7 April 1945. Adolf Hitler, along with his wife Eva Braun, committed suicide on
30 April 1945. ·
April 1 – WWII: Battle of Okinawa:
The Tenth United
States Army lands on Okinawa. ·
April 4 – WWII: ·
American
troops liberate their first Nazi concentration camp, Ohrdruf extermination camp in
Germany. ·
The Red Army enters Bratislava and pushes to the outskirts
of Vienna, taking it on April 13 after several
days of intense fighting. ·
April 6 – WWII: ·
Sarajevo is liberated from Nazi Germany and the Independent
State of Croatia (a fascist puppet state) by Yugoslav Partisans. ·
The Battle of
Slater's Knoll on Bougainville Island concludes
with a decisive victory for the Australian Army's 7th Brigade. ·
Allied
forces reach Merkers Salt
Mines in Thuringia where gold reserves of the
Nazi German Reichsbank are
stored. ·
April 7 – WWII: ·
The
only flight of the German ramming unit known as the Sonderkommando Elbe takes
place, resulting in the loss of some 24 B-17s and B-24s of the United States Eighth Air Force. ·
The Japanese
battleship Yamato is sunk 200 miles (320 km)
north of Okinawa while
underway on a suicide mission. ·
Kantarō Suzuki becomes Prime Minister of
Japan. ·
April 8 – The SS begins
to evacuate the Buchenwald
concentration camp; inmates in the Buchenwald
Resistance call for American aid and overpower and kill the
remaining guards. ·
April 9 ·
WWII:
The Battle of Königsberg,
in East Prussia,
ends with Soviet forces capturing the city. ·
Abwehr conspirators Wilhelm Canaris, Hans Oster and Hans von Dohnányi are
hanged at Flossenberg concentration camp, along with pastor Dietrich Bonhoeffer. ·
Johann Georg Elser,
would-be assassin of Adolf Hitler, is
executed at Dachau
concentration camp. ·
April 10 – WWII: Visoko is liberated by the 7th, 9th and
17th Krajina Brigades from the Tenth Division of Yugoslav Partisanforces. ·
April 11 – Buchenwald
concentration camp is liberated by the United States Army. ·
April 12 ·
President Franklin D.
Roosevelt dies suddenly at Warm Springs,
Georgia; Vice President Harry S. Truman becomes the 33rd
President of the United States and is sworn
in that evening in the White House. ·
WWII:
The U.S. Ninth Army under
General William H. Simpson crosses
the Elbe River astride Magdeburg and reaches Tangermünde — only 50 miles from Berlin. ·
April 14 – WWII: ·
The First Canadian Army assumes
military control of the Netherlands where German forces are trapped in the
Atlantic wall fortifications along the coastline.[9] ·
Razing of Friesoythe:
The 4th
Canadian (Armoured) Division deliberately destroys the German
town of Friesoythe on
the orders of Major General Christopher Vokes. ·
April 15 – WWII: ·
The Bergen-Belsen
concentration camp is liberated by British and Canadian
forces. ·
The
Canadian First Army reaches the coast in the northern Netherlands and captures Arnhem. ·
April 16 – WWII: ·
Battle of Berlin begins, opening with
the Battle of the
Oder–Neisse and the Battle of
the Seelow Heights. ·
Canadian
forces take Harlingen,
and occupy Leeuwarden and Groningen in the Netherlands. ·
7000-8000
drown when MV Goya is
sunk by Soviet submarine L-3 in
the Baltic Sea while evacuating German
troops and civilians as part of Operation Hannibal. ·
April 17 – WWII: ·
Brazilian forces
liberate the town of Montese, Italy, from
German forces. ·
Inundation
of the Wieringermeer in the Netherlands by occupying German
forces. ·
April 18 – American war correspondent Ernie Pyle is killed by Japanese machine gun fire on the island of Ie Shima off Okinawa. ·
April 19 – Rodgers and
Hammerstein's Carousel,
a musical play based on Ferenc Molnár's Liliom, opens on Broadway and becomes their second
long-running stage classic. ·
April 20 – WWII: On his 56th
birthday Adolf Hitler leaves
his Führerbunker to
decorate a group of Hitler Youth soldiers
in Berlin. It will be his last trip to the surface from his underground
bunker. ·
April 22 – WWII: ·
Heinrich Himmler, through Folke Bernadotte, Count of Wisborg, puts
forth an offer of German surrender to the Western Allies, but not the Soviet
Union. ·
Adolf Hitler privately concedes defeat
in his underground Berlin bunker after learning Felix Steiner cannot mobilize enough
men to launch a counterattack on the Soviet Union which has just broken
through Germany. ·
April 23 – WWII: Hermann Göring sends
the Göring Telegram to
Hitler seeking confirmation that he should take over leadership of Germany in
accordance with the decree of 29 June 1941. Hitler regards this as treason. ·
April 24 – Retreating German troops destroy all the bridges
over the Adige in Verona, including the historic Ponte di
Castelvecchio and Ponte Pietra. ·
April 25 ·
Founding
negotiations for the United Nations begin in San Francisco. ·
WWII
– Elbe Day: United States and Soviet troops link up at the Elbe
River, cutting Germany in two. ·
April 25–26 – WWII: Last major strategic bombing raid
by RAF Bomber Command,
the destruction of the oil refinery at Třnsberg in southern Norway by
107 Avro Lancasters. ·
April 26 – WWII: ·
Battle of
Bautzen: The last "successful" German panzer-offensive
in Bautzen ends with the city recaptured. ·
The British
3rd Infantry Division under General Whistler captures Bremen.[10] ·
Nazi
surrenders mean the British and Canadians now control the German border with
Switzerland from Basle to Lake Constance. ·
April 27 ·
The
last German formations withdraw from Finland to Norway. The Lapland War and thus, World War II in Finland, comes to an end and
the Raising
the Flag on the Three-Country Cairn photograph is taken. ·
U.S.
Ordnance troops find the coffins of Frederick
William I of Prussia, Frederick the Great, Paul von Hindenburg,
and his wife. ·
The
Western Allies flatly reject any offer of surrender by Germany other than
unconditional on all fronts. ·
April 28 ·
Benito Mussolini and his
mistress, Clara Petacci,
are executed by Italian partisans as they attempt to flee the country. Their
bodies are then hung by their heels in the public square of Milan Piazzale Loreto. ·
The
Canadian First Army captures Emden and Wilhelmshaven. ·
April 29 ·
At
the royal palace in Caserta,
Lieutenant-Colonel Viktor von Schweinitz (representing General Heinrich von
Vietinghoff) and SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer Eugen Wenner
(representing Waffen-SS General Karl Wolff) sign an unconditional instrument
of surrender for all Axis powers forces
in Italy, taking effect on May 2. Italian
General Rodolfo Graziani orders
the Esercito
Nazionale Repubblicano forces under his command to lay
down their arms. ·
Dachau
concentration camp is surrendered to U.S. forces, who kill SS
guards at the camp and the nearby hamlet of Webling.[11] ·
Brazilian forces
liberate the commune of Fornovo di Taro, Italy, from German forces. ·
Operation
Manna: British Avro Lancaster bombers drop food into
the Netherlands to prevent the starvation of the civilian population. ·
Adolf Hitler marries his longtime
mistress Eva Braun in a
closed civil ceremony in the Berlin Führerbunker and signs his
last will and testament. ·
April 30 – Death of Adolf
Hitler: Adolf Hitler and his wife of one day, Eva Braun, commit
suicide as the Red Army approaches
the Führerbunker in Berlin. Großadmiral Karl Dönitz succeeds Hitler as President
of Germany (Reichspräsident) and Joseph Goebbels succeeds as Chancellor of
Germany (Reichskanzler), in accordance with Hitler's
political testament of the previous day. May[edit] ·
May
– Interpol (being headquartered in
Berlin) effectively ceases to exist (it is recreated on June 3, 1946). ·
May 1 – WWII: ·
Hamburg Radio announces that Hitler has
died in battle, "fighting up to his last breath against Bolshevism." ·
Joseph Goebbels and his wife Magda commit suicide after killing
their six children.
Karl Dönitz appoints Lutz Graf
Schwerin von Krosigk as the new Chancellor of
Germany in the Flensburg Government. ·
Troops
of the Yugoslav 4th
Army, together with the Slovene 9th Corpus
NOV, enter Trieste. ·
Mass suicide in
Demmin. An estimated 700–2,500 suicides take place after 80% of
the town has been destroyed by Soviets during the past three days. ·
May 2 – WWII: ·
The Soviet Union announces the fall of Berlin.
Soviet soldiers hoist the Red flag over
the Reich Chancellery. Prague liberated by Red Army in May 1945. ·
Lübeck is liberated by the British Army. ·
Surrender
of Axis troops
in Italy comes into effect. ·
Troops
of the New Zealand Army 2nd Division enter Trieste a day after the Yugoslavs; the German Army in Triestesurrenders to the New Zealand Army. ·
Following
the death or resignation of the Hitler Cabinet in Germany, the Schwerin von
Krosigk cabinet first meets. ·
Neuengamme
concentration camp near Hamburg is evacuated at about this
date. ·
Expatriate
American poet Ezra Pound is
arrested by the Italian
resistance movement; released by them, on May 5 he turns himself in to the United States Army and
is imprisoned as a traitor. ·
May 3 – WWII: ·
The prison ships Cap Arcona (5,000 dead), Thielbek (2,750
dead) and Deutschland (all
survive) are sunk by the British Royal Air Force in Lübeck Bay. ·
Rocket
scientist Wernher von Braun and
120 members of his team surrender to U.S. forces (later going on to help to
start the U.S. space program). ·
German
Protestant theologian Gerhard Kittel is arrested by the
French forces in Tübingen, Germany. ·
May 4 – WWII: ·
German
surrender at Lüneburg Heath: All German armed forces in northwest
Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands surrender unconditionally to Field
Marshal Bernard Montgomery, officially coming into
effect on May 5 at 08:00 hours British Double (and German) Summer Time. ·
The
Netherlands is liberated by British and Canadian troops.[12] ·
Denmark
is liberated.[13] ·
Admiral Karl Dönitz orders all U-boats to cease offensive operations
and return to bases in Norway.[14] ·
The Holy Crown of
Hungary is found by the United
States Army 86th Infantry Division. The United States government
keeps the crown in Fort Knox for
safekeeping from the Soviets until it is returned to Hungary on 6 January 1978. ·
German
auxiliary cruiser Orion is sunk on her way to Copenhagen carrying refugees; with a
loss of over 3,800 lives. ·
May 5 – WWII: ·
Prague uprising: Prague rises up against occupying Nazi
forces. ·
The US
11th Armored Division liberates the prisoners of Mauthausen
concentration camp, including Simon Wiesenthal. American soldiers fighting in the Pacific theater listen to radio reports
of Victory in Europe
Day on May 8, 1945. ·
Canadian
soldiers liberate the city of Amsterdam from Nazi occupation. ·
A
Japanese fire balloon kills
six people, Elsie Mitchell and five children, near Bly, Oregon, when it explodes as they drag
it from the woods. These are the only people killed by an enemy attack on the
American mainland during WWII. ·
Yosemite Sam, a cartoon character debuts
in Hare Trigger. ·
May 6 ·
WWII: Mildred Gillars ("Axis
Sally") delivers her last propaganda broadcast to Allied troops
(the first was on December 11, 1941). ·
Holocaust: Ebensee
concentration camp in Austria is liberated by troops of
the 80th
Division (United States). ·
May 6–7 – The government of the Independent
State of Croatia, the Nazi-affiliated fascist puppet state
established in occupied Yugoslavia,
flees Zagreb for a location near Klagenfurt in Austria rather than fall
into the hands of the Yugoslav Partisans,
initiating the Bleiburg
repatriations.[15][16] ·
May 7 – WWII: General Alfred Jodl signs the
unconditional German
Instrument of Surrender at Reims, France, ending Germany's
participation in the war, officially coming into effect on May 8 at 23:01
hours Central European Time (00:01 hours May 9 German Summer Time). ·
May 8 – WWII: ·
Victory in Europe
Day (V-E Day) observed by the western European powers
as Nazi Germany surrenders,
marking the end of WWII in Europe. ·
Shortly
before midnight (May 9 Moscow time) the final German
Instrument of Surrender is signed at the seat of the Soviet
Military Administration in Berlin-Karlshorst, attended by representatives of the Allies. ·
Canadian
troops move into Amsterdam, after
German troops surrender. ·
Surrender
of the Dodecanese is
signed in Symi. ·
The Eighth
British Army, together with Slovene partisan troops and a
motorized detachment of the Yugoslav 4th Army, arrives in Carinthia and Klagenfurt. The Croatian Armed Forces of the Independent
State of Croatia are ordered by their commanders not to
surrender to the Yugoslav Partisans but
to attempt to retreat to Austria and surrender to the British, part of the
events leading to the Bleiburg
repatriations. ·
May 8–29 – Sétif and
Guelma massacre: In Algeria, thousands die as French troops and
released Italian POWs kill an estimated 6,000 to 40,000 Algerian citizens. Marines of 1st Marine Division fighting on Okinawa,
May 1945. ·
May 9 – WWII: ·
The Soviet Union marks V-E Day. ·
The Red Army enters Prague. ·
Hermann Göring surrenders
to the United States Army near Radstadt. ·
Vidkun Quisling and other members of
the collaborationist Quisling regime in Norway surrender to
the Resistance (Milorg) and police at Mřllergata 19 in Oslo as part of
the legal
purge in Norway after World War II. ·
General Alexander Löhr,
Commander of German Army Group E near Topolšica, Slovenia, signs the capitulation of German
occupation troops. ·
The German
occupation of the Channel Islands in Guernsey and Jersey ends with their liberation by
British troops. ·
May 10 – The German
occupation of the Channel Islands in Sark ends
with their liberation by British troops. ·
May 12 ·
Argentinian labour leader José Peter
declares the Meat
Industry Workers Federation dissolved. ·
Rev. W. V. Awdry's children's book The Three
Railway Engines, first of The Railway Series,
is published in England. ·
May 14–15 – WWII: Battle of Poljana –
The last battle of the War in Europe is fought at Poljana near Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia. ·
May 15 – WWII: – Surrender at Bleiburg –
Retreating troops of the Croatian Armed Forces of the former
puppet Independent
State of Croatia (intermingled with fleeing civilians)
attempt to surrender to the British Army at Bleiburg but are directed to surrender
to Yugoslav Partisans who
open fire on them. The remainder, after orders are given by Tito, are force-marched through Croatia
and Serbia, interned or massacred, with
thousands dying.[17][18] ·
May 16 – The German
occupation of the Channel Islands in Alderney ends with their liberation by
British troops. ·
May 23 ·
The Flensburg Government is
dissolved by the Allies and President
of Germany Karl Dönitz and Chancellor of
Germany Lutz Graf
Schwerin von Krosigk are arrested by British forces at Flensburg. They are respectively the last
German Head of state and Head of government until 1949. ·
Heinrich Himmler, former head of the Nazi SS, commits suicide in British custody. ·
May 28 – U.S.-born Irish-raised William Joyce ("Lord Haw-Haw") is captured. He is later
charged with high treason in London for his English-language wartime
broadcasts on German radio, convicted, and then hanged in January 1946. ·
May 29 ·
German
communists, led by Walter Ulbricht, arrive in Berlin. ·
Dutch
painter Han van Meegeren is
arrested for collaboration with the Nazis, but the paintings he has sold
to Hermann Göring (Koch)
are later proved to be his own fakes. ·
May 30 – The Iranian government
demands that all Soviet and British troops leave the country. June[edit] Dwight Eisenhower and Georgy Zhukov, June 5, 1945. ·
June 1 – The British take over Lebanon and Syria. ·
June 5 – The Allied Control
Council, military occupation governing body of Germany, formally
takes power. ·
June 6 – King Haakon VII of Norway returns
to Norway. ·
June 11 ·
William Lyon
Mackenzie King is re-elected as Canadian prime minister. ·
The
Franck Committee recommends against a surprise nuclear bombing of Japan.[19] ·
June 12 – The Yugoslav Army
leaves Trieste, leaving the New Zealand Army in control. ·
June 21 – WWII: The Battle of Okinawa ends
with US occupation of the island until 1972. ·
June 24 – WWII: A victory parade is
held in Red Square in
Moscow. ·
June 25 – Seán T. O'Kelly is
elected the second President of Ireland. ·
June 26 – The United Nations
Charter is signed. ·
June 29 – Czechoslovakia cedes Carpathian Ruthenia to
the Soviet Union. ·
June 30 – Distribution of John von Neumann's First
Draft of a Report on the EDVAC, containing the first published
description of the logical design of a computer with stored-program and
instruction data stored in the same address space within the memory (von Neumann
architecture). July[edit] July 16: Trinity test at
night in New Mexico. ·
Vannevar
Bush's As We May Think published.[20] ·
July 1 – WWII: Germany is divided between
the Allied occupation forces. ·
July 4 – The Brazilian
cruiser Bahia is sunk by an accidentally induced
explosion, killing more than 300 and stranding the survivors in
shark-infested waters. ·
July 5 ·
John Curtin, 14th Prime
Minister of Australia, dies in office from heart failure at the
age of 60. He was briefly replaced by his deputy Frank Forde, who served as the 15th Prime
Minister until a Labor Party leadership election is held to replace
Curtin. ·
WWII:
The Philippines are
declared liberated. ·
July 8 – WWII: Harry S. Truman is informed that Japan
will talk peace if it can retain the reign of the Emperor.[19] ·
July 9 – A forest fire breaks out in the Tillamook Burn (the third in that area
of Oregon since 1933). ·
July 12 – Ben Chifley is elected leader of the Labor Party and
consequently becomes the 16th Prime
Minister of Australia, defeating Frank Forde as well as Norman Makin and H.V. Evatt. As a result, Forde becomes the
shortest serving Prime Minister in Australian history; nevertheless, he
retained his post as Deputy leader. ·
July 14 – WWII: Italy declares war on
Japan. ·
July 15 – The Scott Morrison Award of Minor Hockey Excellence was
first given; first recipient is Gordie Howe. ·
July 16 ·
The Trinity Test,
the first of an atomic bomb,
using about six kilograms of plutonium, succeeds in unleashing an
explosion equivalent to that of 19 kilotons of TNT. ·
A
train collision near Munich, Germany kills 102
war prisoners. ·
July 17–August 2 – WWII: Potsdam Conference –
At Potsdam, the three main Allied leaders
hold their final summit of the war. President Truman officially informs
Stalin that the U.S. has a powerful new weapon. ·
July 21 – WWII: President Harry S. Truman approves the order for
atomic bombs to be used against Japan.[19] ·
July 23 – WWII: French marshal Philippe Pétain,
who headed the Vichy government during
WWII, goes on trial for treason. ·
July 26 – Winston Churchill resigns
as Prime
Minister of the United Kingdom after his Conservative
Party is soundly defeated by the Labour Party in
the 1945
general election. Clement Attlee becomes the new Prime
Minister. It is the first time that Labour has governed Britain with a
majority in the House
of Commons.[21] ·
July 26 – The Potsdam Declaration demands
Japan's unconditional surrender; Article 12 permitting Japan to retain the
reign of the Emperor has been deleted by President Truman.[19] ·
July 27 – WWII: Bombing
of Aomori – Two USAAF B-29s dropped
a total of 60,000 leaflets on
the city of Aomori, Japan,
warning civilians of an air raid and urge them to leave immediately. ·
July 28 ·
A U.S. Army
Air Forces B-25 bomber crashes into
the Empire State
Building, killing 14 people, including all on board. ·
WWII:
Japan ambiguously rejects the Potsdam Declaration.[19] ·
July 29 ·
The BBC Light Programme radio
station is launched, aimed at mainstream light entertainment
and music. ·
WWII: Bombing
of Aomori: Aomori is firebombed by 63 USAAF B-29 heavy bombers, killing 1,767 civilians and
destroying 18,045 homes. ·
July 30 – WWII: The heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis is
hit and sunk by torpedoes from the Japanese
submarine I-58 in the Philippine Sea. Some 900 survivors jump into
the sea and are adrift for up to four days. Nearly 600 die before help
arrives. Captain Charles B. McVay III of
the cruiser is later court-martialed and convicted. August[edit] August 9: The mushroom cloud from the nuclear
bomb dropped on Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. September 2: Japan signs the Instrument
of Surrender aboard the USS Missouri. ·
August 6 – WWII: Atomic
bombing of Hiroshima: A United States Boeing B-29
Superfortress, the Enola Gay, drops an atomic bomb, codenamed "Little Boy", on Hiroshima, Japan, at 8:15 a.m. (local
time). The atomic bombings are believed to have resulted in between 129,000
and 246,000 deaths. ·
August 7 – U.S. President Harry Truman
announces the successful atomic bombing of Hiroshima while he is returning
from the Potsdam Conference aboard the U.S. Navy heavy cruiser USS Augusta (CA-31) in
the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. ·
August 8 ·
The United Nations
Charter is ratified by the United States Senate, and this
nation becomes the third to join the new international organization. ·
WWII:
The Soviet Union declares war on Japan. ·
August 9 – WWII: ·
Atomic
bombing of Nagasaki: A United States B-29, Bockscar, drops an atomic bomb, codenamed "Fat Man", on Nagasaki, Japan, at 11:02 a.m. (local
time). ·
Soviet–Japanese War opens:
The Soviet Union begins
its army offensive against Japan in the northern part of the Japanese-held
Chinese region of Manchuria.[22] ·
August 10 – WWII: Japan offers to
surrender to the Allies, "provided this does not prejudice the
sovereignty of the Emperor". ·
WWII:
The Allies reply
to the Japanese surrender offer by saying that Emperor Hirohito will be subject to the
authority of the Supreme
Commander of the Allied Forces. ·
The
Holocaust: Kraków pogrom – Róża Berger is shot dead by Polish
militia. ·
August 11–25 – Soviet troops complete occupation
of Sakhalin. ·
August 13 – The Zionist World Congress approaches the
British government to discuss the founding of the country of Israel. ·
WWII:
Emperor Hirohito accepts the terms of the Potsdam Declaration.
His recorded announcement of this is smuggled out of the Tokyo Imperial
Palace. At 19:00 hrs in Washington, D.C. (23:00 GMT),
U.S. President Harry S. Trumanannounces
the Japanese surrender. ·
WWII: Gyokuon-hōsō:
Emperor Hirohito's announcement of the
unconditional surrender of Japan is
broadcast on the radio a little after noon (12:00 Japan Standard Time is
03:00 GMT). This is probably the first time an Emperor of Japan has been heard by the
common people. Delivered in formal classical
Japanese and without directly referring to surrender, the
recorded speech is not immediately easily understood by ordinary people. The
Allies call this day Victory over Japan
Day (V-J Day). This ends the period of Japanese expansionism and
begins the period of Occupation of Japan.
Korea gains independence. ·
The August Revolution in Vietnam begins with the Viet Minh taking over the capital Hanoi, taking advantage of the collapse of
Japanese power. ·
Provisional International
Civil Aviation Organization founded as a specialized agency
of the United Nations. ·
August 16 – Polish–Soviet treaty establishes
boundaries between the two countries. ·
Philippines
President José P. Laurel issues
an Executive Proclamation putting an end to the Second
Philippine Republic, thus ending to his term as President of the
Philippines. ·
Proclamation
of Indonesian Independence: Indonesian nationalists Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta declare the independence
of the Republic of Indonesia, with
Sukarno as president and Mohammad Hatta as vice-president,
igniting the Indonesian
National Revolution against the Dutch Empire. ·
The allegorical dystopian novella Animal Farm by George Orwell, a satire on Stalinism, is first published by Fredric Warburg in London. ·
August 19 – Chinese Civil War: Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-shek meet in Chongqing to discuss an end to
hostilities between the Communists and
the Nationalists. ·
August 23 – Soviet–Japanese War – Joseph Stalin orders the detention
of Japanese prisoners of war in the Soviet Union. ·
August 30 – WWII: Vietnam's capital Hanoi is overthrown by the Viet Minh which ends the French
occupation in what becomes North Vietnam and thus the southern
provinces become South Vietnam.
This ends the August Revolution. ·
WWII:
Allied troops arrest German field marshal Walther von
Brauchitsch. ·
A
team at American Cyanamid's
Lederle Laboratories, Pearl River, New
York, led by Yellapragada
Subbarow, announces they have obtained folic acid in a pure crystalline form.[23] This vitamin is abundant
in green leaf vegetables, liver, kidney, and yeast.[24] September[edit] ·
September 2 – WWII ends: ·
Japanese
general Tomoyuki Yamashita surrenders
to Filipino and American forces at Kiangan, Ifugao. ·
The
final official Japanese
Instrument of Surrender is accepted by the Supreme Allied
Commander, General Douglas MacArthur,
and Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz for
the United States, and delegates from the United Kingdom, Australia, New
Zealand, the Netherlands, China, and others from a Japanese delegation led
by Mamoru Shigemitsu,
on board the American battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay. ·
General Douglas MacArthur is
given the title of Supreme
Commander Allied Powers, and is also tasked with the occupation of
Japan.[25] ·
September 2 – Democratic
Republic of Viet Nam is officially established, by Ho Chi Minh.[25] ·
September 3 – The earliest events of
the Cold War begin. ·
September 4 – WWII: Japanese forces
surrender on Wake Island after
hearing word of their country's surrender. ·
Iva Toguri D'Aquino,
a Japanese American suspected
of being wartime radio propagandist "Tokyo Rose", is arrested in Yokohama. ·
The
Russian code clerk Igor Gouzenko comes
forward with numerous documents implicating the Soviet Union in many spy
rings in North America: both in the United States and in Canada. ·
American
troops occupy southern Korea,
while the Soviet Union occupies
the north, with the
dividing line being the 38th parallel of latitude. This arrangement proves to
be the indirect beginning of a divided Korea which will lead to the Korean War in 1950. ·
September 9 – Chiang Kai-shek officially accepts the
Japanese capitulation at Nanking.[25] ·
September 10 – Vidkun Quisling is sentenced to death
as a Nazi collaborator, in Norway.[25] August 18: The surrender of the Japanese Army in Central China,
1945-09-18. (Memorial in Wuhan) ·
Hideki Tōjō, Japanese prime
minister during most of WWII, attempts suicide to avoid facing a war crimes tribunal. ·
Radio Republik
Indonesia starts
broadcasting. ·
The Batu Lintang camp in Sarawak, Borneo is liberated by Australian
forces. ·
September 12 – The Japanese Army
formally surrenders to the British in Singapore. ·
Typhoon Makurazaki in Japan kills 3,746
people. ·
The
Japanese Army in Central China officially surrenders to the Chinese in Wuhan. ·
September 20 – Mohandas
Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru demand that all
British troops depart India. ·
September 24 – Anti-Jewish violence in Central and Eastern Europe,
1944–46: Topoľčany
pogrom in Slovakia. October[edit] October 24: The United Nations is formed. This was its
flag. The modern version is slightly retouched. October 18: Nuremberg trials begin, after Buchenwald closed. ·
October
– Arthur C. Clarke puts
forward the idea of a geosynchronous communications
satellite in a Wireless Worldmagazine article. ·
October 1–15 – Operation
Backfire: Three A4 rockets are launched near Cuxhaven in a demonstration to Allied
forces. ·
October 2– George Albert Smith becomes president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. ·
October 4 – The Partizan Belgrade sports club is founded in Belgrade, Serbia. ·
October 5 – Hollywood Black
Friday: A strike by the Set Decorator's Union in Hollywood results
in a riot. ·
October 8–15 – Hadamar Trial: Personnel of
the Hadamar
Euthanasia Centre, now in the American zone of Allied-occupied
Germany, are the first to be tried for systematic extermination
in Nazi Germany. ·
October 9 – Pierre Laval is sentenced to death for
collaboration with the Nazis in Vichy France.[25] ·
October 10 – The Nazi Party is officially dissolved by
the Allied Powers. ·
October 14 – Czechoslovakia: A new provisional national
assembly is elected.[25] ·
October 15 – WWII: Pierre Laval, the former premier of Vichy France, is shot dead by a firing squad for treason against France. ·
October 15–21 – The Fifth Pan-African
Congress is held in Manchester. ·
October 16 – Food
and Agriculture Organization established at a meeting
in Quebec City as
a specialized agency of the United Nations. ·
October 17 – A massive number of
people, headed for the General
Confederation of Labour (Argentina), gather in the Plaza de Mayo in Buenos Aires to demand Juan Perón's release. This is known to
the Peronists as the Día de la
lealtad(Loyalty Day)
and considered the founding day of Peronism. ·
October 18 – Isaías Medina
Angarita, president of Venezuela, is overthrown by a military coup.[25] ·
October 19 – Members of the Indonesian
People's Army attack Anglo-Dutch forces in Indonesia.[25] ·
October 20 – Mongolians vote for independence from
China.[25] ·
October 21 – Women's suffrage:
Women are allowed to vote in the French
Legislative Election for the first time. ·
October 22 – Rómulo Betancourt is
named provisional president of Venezuela.[25] ·
October 23 – Jackie Robinson signs a contract with
the Montreal Royals baseball team. ·
The United Nations is founded by
ratification of its Charter,
by 29
nations.[25] ·
The International
Court of Justice ("World Court") established by
the United Nations
Charter. ·
The
Norwegian Nazi leader Vidkun Quisling is executed by
firing squad for treason against Norway.[25] ·
WWII:
Japanese armed forces in Taiwan surrender to
the Allies. ·
Getúlio Vargas is
deposed as president in Brazil. José Linhares is named as temporary president.[25] ·
October 27–November 20 – Indonesian
National Revolution: Battle of Surabaya –
Pro-independence Indonesian soldiers
and militia fight British and British Indian troops in Surabaya. ·
Getúlio Vargas resigns
as the president of Brazil. ·
At Gimbels Department Store in New York
City, the first ballpoint pens go
on sale at $12.50 each. ·
October 30 – The undivided country
of India joins
the United Nations. November[edit] ·
Astrid Lindgren's children's book Pippi
Lĺngstrump is published in Sweden and its English translation
as Pippi
Longstocking is also issued. ·
International
Labour Organization's new constitution comes into effect. ·
John H. Johnson publishes the first
issue of the magazine Ebony. ·
Telechron introduces the model 8H59
Musalarm, the first clock radio. ·
November 5 – Colombia joins the United Nations. ·
November 6 – Indonesians reject an offer of autonomy
from the Dutch.[25] ·
November 9 – Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan is founded. ·
November 11 – Marshal Josip Broz Tito and the People's
Front win a
deciding majority (90%) in the Yugoslavian assembly.[25] ·
Harry S. Truman, Clement Attlee, and Mackenzie
King share nuclear information with the U.N. and call for
a United
Nations Atomic Energy Commission.[19][25] ·
An
offensive is begun in Manchuria by
the Chinese Nationalists against further
infiltration by the Chinese Communists.[25] ·
Charles de Gaulle is
unanimously elected president of France by
the provisional government.[25] ·
Cold War: The United States controversially
imports 88 German scientists to help in the production of rocket technology. ·
Agreement
for the foundation of UNESCO (United
Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) at a meeting in London. ·
The
cartoon character Casper the
Friendly Ghost debuts in The Friendly Ghost. ·
The
motion picture The Lost Weekend,
starring Ray Milland, is
released. The most realistic film portrayal of alcoholism up to this time, it wins
several Academy Awards in
the following year. ·
Yeshiva
College is founded in New York City. ·
November 18 – The Tudeh party starts
a bloodless coup and will form Azerbaijan within
days. Soviet troops prevent Iranian troops from
getting involved. ·
November 20 – The Nuremberg trials begin: Trials against
22 Nazi war criminals of WWII start at
the Nuremberg
Palace of Justice.[25] ·
November 26 – U.S. Ambassador to
China Patrick J. Hurley resigns
after he is unable to broker a deal between Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Tse Tung.[25] ·
November 28 – An earthquake in
Balochistan causes a tsunami and kills 4,000. ·
The Socialist
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is declared (this day is
celebrated as Republic Day until the 1990s). Marshal Tito is named president. ·
Assembly
of the world's first general purpose electronic computer, the Electronic
Numerical Integrator Analyzer and Computer (ENIAC), is completed in the United States,
covering 1,800 square feet (170 m2) of floor space,
and the first set of calculations is run on it. December[edit] ·
General Eurico Gaspar Dutra is
elected president of Brazil. ·
French
banks (Banque de France, BNCI, CNEP, Crédit Lyonnais,
and Société Générale)
nationalized. ·
December 3 – Communist demonstrations in Athens presage the Greek Civil War. ·
December 4 – By a vote of 65–7,
the United States Senate approves
the entry of the United States into the United Nations. ·
December 5 – A flight of United States Navy Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers known as Flight 19 disappears on a training
exercise from Naval
Air Station Fort Lauderdale. ·
December 19 - John Amery, British Fascist, at the age of
33 executed by the British Government for treason. ·
December 21 – General George S. Patton dies from injuries
sustained in a car accident on December 9 in Germany. ·
December 24 – Five of nine
children become
missing after their home in Fayetteville,
West Virginia, is burned down. ·
Twenty-eight
nations sign an agreement creating the World Bank. ·
Terror
strikes are carried out against British military bases in Palestine. The Something[edit] ·
A
team at Oak Ridge
National Laboratory led by Charles Coryell discovers chemical element 61, the only one still
missing between 1 and 96 on the periodic table, which they will name promethium.[26] Found by analysis of fission products of irradiated
uranium fuel, its discovery is not made public until 1947. ·
The
first geothermal milk pasteurization is done in Klamath Falls,
Oregon. Births[edit] January[edit] ·
Pietro Grasso, Italian politician ·
Jacky Ickx, Belgian racing driver ·
Martin Schanche, Norwegian racing driver and
politician ·
Diahnne Abbott, American actress and singer ·
January 3 – Stephen Stills, American rock singer and
songwriter ·
January 4 – Richard R. Schrock,
American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate ·
Tony Conigliaro, American baseball player
(d. 1990) ·
Yrsa Stenius, Finnish-Swedish journalist and
newspaper editor (d. 2018) ·
Shulamith Firestone,
Canadian American feminist and writer (d. 2012) ·
Gunther von Hagens,
Polish anatomist and inventor ·
Jennifer Moss,
British actress (d. 2006) ·
Steven P. Perskie,
American politician and judge ·
Rod Stewart, British rock singer ·
January 11 – Christine Kaufmann,
German actress (d. 2017) ·
January 12 – André Bicaba, Burkinabé sprinter ·
January 14 – Einar Hákonarson,
Icelandic painter ·
Vince Foster, American deputy White House
counsel during the first term of President Bill Clinton (d. 1993) ·
Princess Michael
of Kent, German-born member of the British Royal Family ·
January 20 – Robert Olen Butler,
American writer ·
January 21 – Martin Shaw, British TV and film actor ·
Leigh Taylor-Young,
American actress ·
Dave Walker, British musician ·
Jacqueline du Pré,
English cellist (d. 1987) ·
Graham
Williams, New Zealand rugby union player (d. 2018) ·
January 27 – Harold Cardinal, Cree political leader,
writer, and lawyer (d. 2005) ·
Karen Lynn Gorney,
American actress ·
Chuck Pyle, American country-folk
singer-songwriter (d. 2015) ·
Jim
Nicholson, Northern Irish politician ·
Tom Selleck, American actor ·
January 30 – Michael Dorris, American author (d. 1997) ·
January 31 – Joseph Kosuth, American artist February[edit] ·
Roy 'Chubby' Brown,
British stand-up comedian ·
Bob Griese, American football player ·
Philip Waruinge, Kenyan boxer ·
February 5 – Sarah Weddington, American attorney ·
February 6 – Bob Marley, Jamaican reggae singer, songwriter and musician
(d. 1981) ·
February 7 – Gerald Davies, Welsh rugby player ·
February 9 – Mia Farrow, American actress ·
February 10 – Koo Bon-moo, South Korean business executive
(d. 2018) ·
Luiz Carlos
Alborghetti, Italian-Brazilian radio commenter, showman and
political figure (d. 2009) ·
Maud Adams, Swedish actress ·
David D. Friedman,
American economist ·
February 13 – Simon Schama, English academician and
historian ·
February 14 – Prince Hans-Adam
II of Liechtenstein ·
February 15 – Douglas Hofstadter,
American cognitive scientist ·
February 16 – Jeremy Bulloch, English actor ·
February 17 – Brenda Fricker, Irish actress ·
Hashem Mahameed, Israeli politician
(d. 2018) ·
Edir Macedo, Brazilian evangelical leader
and media mogul ·
February 20 – Henry Polic II, American actor (d. 2013) ·
February 24 – Barry Bostwick, American actor ·
Elkie Brooks, English singer ·
Roy Saari, American swimmer (d. 2008) ·
February 26 – Marta Kristen, Norwegian actress ·
February 27 – Carl Anderson,
American singer and actor (d. 2004) ·
February 28 – Bubba Smith, American football player and
actor (d. 2011) March[edit] ·
March 1 – Dirk Benedict, American actor ·
March 3 ·
George Miller,
Australian film director ·
Hattie Winston, American actress ·
March 4 ·
Dieter Meier, Swiss singer and writer ·
Tommy Svensson, Swedish football manager and
player ·
Gary Williams,
American basketball coach ·
March 7 ·
Arthur Lee,
American musician (d. 2006) ·
March 8 ·
Jim Chapman,
American politician ·
Micky Dolenz, American actor, director and
rock musician (The Monkees) ·
Anselm Kiefer, German painter ·
March 9 ·
Katja Ebstein, German singer ·
Dennis Rader, American serial killer ·
March 12 – Sammy Gravano, American mobster ·
March 13 – Anatoly Fomenko, Russian mathematician ·
March 15 – A. K. Faezul Huq, Bangladeshi lawyer and
politician (d. 2007) ·
March 17 ·
Katri Helena, Finnish singer ·
Elis Regina, Brazilian singer (d. 1982) ·
March 20 ·
Jay Ingram, Canadian television host, author
and journalist ·
Bobby Jameson, American singer-songwriter
(d. 2015) ·
Pat Riley, American basketball coach ·
March 21 – Charles Greene,
American Olympic athlete ·
March 24 – Curtis Hanson, American film director and
screenwriter (d. 2016) ·
March 26 – Mikhail Voronin, Russian gymnast (d. 2004) ·
March 27 – Władysław
Stachurski, Polish football player and manager (d. 2013) ·
March 28 ·
Rodrigo Duterte, 16th President of
the Philippines ·
Raine Loo, Estonian actress ·
March 29 ·
Walt Frazier, American basketball player ·
Willem Ruis, Dutch game show host (d. 1986) ·
March 30 – Eric Clapton, English rock guitarist ·
March 31 – Gabe Kaplan, American actor, comedian, and professional
poker player April[edit] ·
April 2 ·
Roger Bootle-Wilbraham, 7th Baron Skelmersdale,
British politician (d. 2018) ·
Jürgen Drews, German singer ·
Linda Hunt, American actress ·
April 4 ·
Robert Lam, Malaysian newscaster (d. 2010) ·
Daniel Cohn-Bendit,
French activist ·
April 5 – Cem Karaca, Turkish musician (d. 2004) ·
April 7 – Werner Schroeter, German film director
(d. 2010) ·
April 9 – Peter Gammons, American baseball
sportswriter ·
April 11 ·
Christian Quadflieg,
German actor ·
Seeborn,
British musician ·
April 12 – Lee Jong-wook, Korean Director-General of
the World Health
Organization (d. 2006) ·
April 13 ·
Tony Dow, American actor, producer, and
director ·
Lowell George, American rock musician (Little Feat) (d. 1979) ·
Bob Kalsu, American football player
(d. 1970) ·
April 14 ·
Ritchie Blackmore,
English rock guitarist ·
Tuilaepa
Aiono Sailele Malielegaoi, Prime Minister of
Samoa ·
April 20 – Naftali Temu, Kenyan Olympic athlete
(d. 2003) ·
April 21 – Ana Lúcia Torre,
Brazilian actress ·
April 24 – Doug Clifford, American drummer ·
April 25 ·
Stu Cook, American bassist ·
Björn Ulvaeus, Swedish rock songwriter ·
April 27 – August Wilson, American playwright (d. 2005) ·
April 29 ·
Hugh Hopper, British musician (d. 2009) ·
Tammi Terrell, American soul singer
(d. 1970) ·
April 30 – Lara Saint Paul, Eritrean-born Italian
singer (d. 2018) May[edit] ·
May 1 – Rita Coolidge, American pop singer ·
May 3 – Jeffrey C. Hall, American geneticist and
chronobiologist, Nobel
Prize laureate ·
May 4 – Narasimhan Ram, Indian journalist ·
May 5 ·
Chuck Holmes,
American adult film producer (d. 2000) ·
Kurt Loder, American film critic, author and
television personality ·
May 6 ·
Jimmie Dale Gilmore,
American musician ·
Bob Seger, American rock singer ·
May 8 – Keith Jarrett, American musician ·
May 9 – Jupp Heynckes, German football manager and
former footballer ·
May 13 – Tammam Salam, 34th Prime Minister of Lebanon ·
May 14 – Yochanan Vollach, Israeli footballer and president of
Maccabi Haifa, CEO ·
May 15 – Duarte Pio,
Duke of Braganza, heir to the Portuguese crown ·
May 16 – Nicky Chinn, English rock songwriter (Sweet, Suzi Quatro) ·
May 17 – Tony Roche, Australian tennis player ·
May 19 – Pete Townshend, English rock guitarist and
lyricist (The Who) ·
May 21 ·
Richard Hatch,
American actor (d. 2017) ·
Ernst Messerschmid,
German physicist and astronaut ·
May 22 – Victoria Wyndham, American actress (Another
World) ·
May 23 ·
Lauren Chapin, American child actress and
evangelist ·
Doris Mae Oulton, Canadian community developer ·
May 24 – Priscilla Presley,
American actress and businesswoman ·
May 28 – John Fogerty, American rock singer (Creedence
Clearwater Revival) ·
May 29 – Gary Brooker, English pianist and singer (Procol Harum) ·
May 30 ·
Andrea Bronfman, American philanthropist
(d. 2006) ·
Gladys Horton, American singer (The Marvelettes) (d. 2011) ·
May 31 ·
Rainer Werner
Fassbinder, German film director (d. 1982) ·
Laurent Gbagbo, President of
Côte d'Ivoire June[edit] ·
June 1 – Frederica von Stade,
American mezzo-soprano ·
June 2 – Jon Peters, American film producer ·
June 3 – Hale Irwin, American professional golfer ·
June 4 ·
Anthony Braxton, American composer and
musical instrumentalist ·
Gordon Waller, Scottish singer-songwriter
and guitarist (d. 2009) ·
June 5 ·
John Carlos, American athlete ·
Théophile
Georges Kassab, Catholic prelate (d. 2013) ·
Don Reid,
American singer (The Statler Brothers) ·
June 6 – David Dukes, American actor (d. 2000) ·
June 7 ·
Billy Butler,
American singer-songwriter (d. 2015) ·
Wolfgang Schüssel, Chancellor of
Austria ·
June 8 – Steven Fromholz, American singer-songwriter
(d. 2014) ·
June 9 – Nike Wagner, German woman of the theater ·
June 10 – Benny Gallagher, Scottish singer-songwriter
and multi-instrumentalist, half of the duo Gallagher and Lyle ·
June 11 – Adrienne Barbeau, American actress,
television personality and author ·
June 12 – Pat Jennings, Northern Irish footballer ·
June 13 – Rodney P. Rempt, American admiral ·
June 14 ·
Jörg Immendorff,
German painter ·
Rod Argent, English singer and keyboardist (The Zombies, Argent) ·
June 15 ·
Françoise
Chandernagor, French writer ·
Miriam Defensor
Santiago, Filipino politician (b. 2016) ·
June 16 ·
Claire Alexander, Canadian ice hockey player ·
Ivan Lins, Latin Grammy-winning Brazilian
musician ·
June 17 ·
P. D. T. Acharya, Secretary General Lok
Sabha ·
Frank Ashmore, American actor ·
Art Bell, American radio talk show host
(d. 2018) ·
Ken Livingstone, British politician ·
Eddy Merckx, Belgian cyclist ·
June 19 ·
Radovan
Karadžić, Serbian politician ·
Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar poet, politician,
recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize ·
Greil Marcus, American music journalist and
cultural critic ·
June 20 – Anne Murray, Canadian singer ·
June 21 ·
Roberto D'Angelo,
Italian slalom canoeist ·
Luis Castańeda
Lossio, Peruvian politician ·
Thiagarajan, Indian actor, director and
producer ·
Nirmalendu Goon, Bangladeshi poet ·
Marijana Lubej, Slovenian sprinter ·
June 22 ·
Juma Kapuya, Tanzanian politician ·
Dieter Versen, German football defender ·
June 23 ·
Kim Smĺge, Norwegian novelist, crime fiction
writer, writer of short stories, and children's writer ·
Ana Chumachenco, Italian violinist ·
Michael Sze, Hong Kong government official ·
Jim Fouratt, American gay activist, entertainer ·
June 24 ·
George Pataki, Governor of
New York ·
Ali Akbar Velayati,
Iranian physician and politician ·
June 25 ·
Baba Gana Kingibe,
Nigerian politician ·
Carolyn Cheeks
Kilpatrick, American politician ·
Chaiyasit Shinawatra,
commander-in-chief of the Royal Thai Army ·
Guillermo Mendoza,
Mexican cyclist ·
Carly Simon, American singer-songwriter ·
June 26 ·
Dwight York, American musician, fashion
consultant, cult leader, and child molester ·
Paul Chun, Hong Kong actor ·
June 27 ·
Miguel Arroyo, First
Gentleman of the Philippines ·
Ami Ayalon, Israeli politician ·
Catherine Lacoste,
French amateur golfer ·
Lu Sheng-yen, leader of the True Buddha School ·
Norma Kamali, American fashion designer ·
June 28 ·
David Knights, British bassist (Procol Harum) ·
Raul Seixas, Brazilian rock singer (d. 1989) ·
June 29 – Chandrika
Kumaratunga, 5th President of Sri
Lanka ·
June 30 ·
Kevin Jackman, Australian rules footballer ·
Jerry Kenney, American Major League Baseball
infielder ·
Sean Scully, Irish-American-based painter
and printmaker ·
James Snyder Jr., American author, attorney
and politician July[edit] ·
July 1 ·
Jane Cederqvist, Swedish freestyle swimmer ·
Visu,
Indian writer, director, stage, actor and talk-show host ·
Billy Rohr, American Major League Baseball ·
Debbie Harry, American rock singer (Blondie) ·
July 2 – Linda Warren, American author ·
July 3 – Thomas Mapfumo, Zimbabwean musician ·
July 4 ·
Tiong Thai King, Malaysian politician ·
Steinar Amundsen, Norwegian sprint canoeist ·
July 5 ·
Nurul Islam Nahid,
Bangladeshi politician ·
Miroslav
Mišković, Serbian business magnate and investor ·
July 6 – Burt Ward, American actor (Batman) ·
July 7 ·
Heloísa Pinheiro,
Brazilian model and businesswoman ·
Moncef Marzouki, Tunisian politician; 4th President of Tunisia ·
Li Chi-an, North Korean football striker ·
Michael Ancram, British politician ·
Matti Salminen, Finnish bass singer ·
July 8 – Micheline Calmy-Rey,
Swiss Federal Councilor ·
July 9 ·
Dean Koontz, American writer ·
Mohammad Reza
Nematzadeh, Iranian politician and engineer ·
July 10 ·
Zlatko
Tomčić, Croatian politician ·
Daniel Ona Ondo, Gabonese politician ·
Virginia Wade, English professional tennis
player ·
Ron Glass, American actor (d. 2016) ·
July 11 – Richard Wesley, American playwright and
screenwriter ·
July 12 ·
Leopoldo Mastelloni,
Italian actor, comedian and singer ·
Edwin Neal, American actor ·
Larry Zierlein, American football coach ·
Thor Martinsen, Norwegian ice hockey player ·
July 13 ·
Robert H. Foglesong,
U.S. General ·
Danny Abramowicz, American football player
and coach ·
July 14 – Antun Vujić, Croatian politician,
philosopher, political analyst, lexicographer and author ·
July 15 ·
David A. Granger, President of Guyana ·
Hong Ra-hee, South Korean billionaire
businesswoman and philanthropist ·
Jürgen Möllemann,
German politician (d. 2003) ·
July 16 ·
Victor Sloan, Irish artist ·
Çetin Tekindor,
Turkish actor ·
Roy Ho Ten Soeng, Dutch politician ·
Jos Stelling, Dutch film director and
screenwriter ·
Barry Dudleston, English first-class
cricketer and umpire ·
July 17 ·
Eduardo Olivera, Mexican modern pentathlete ·
Kim Won-hong, North Korean politician and
military leader ·
Alexander,
Crown Prince of Yugoslavia ·
July 18 ·
Pat Doherty, American politician ·
Boomer Castleman, American singer-songwriter
(d. 2015) ·
July 19 ·
Oleg Fotin, Russian swimmer ·
Uri Rosenthal, Dutch politician ·
Richard
Henderson, Scottish molecular biologist, Nobel Prize laureate ·
July 20 ·
Simbarashe
Mumbengegwi, Zimbabwean politician and diplomat ·
Ziona, Indian religious, known for fathering
the largest living family ·
Kim Carnes, American singer-songwriter ·
Larry Craig, U.S. politician ·
Lothar Koepsel, German sailor ·
John Lodge,
English rock singer and songwriter (The Moody Blues) ·
July 21 ·
Barry Richards, South African batsman ·
John Lowe, English darts player ·
July 24 – Azim Premji, Indian businessman ·
July 26 – Dame Helen Mirren, British actress ·
July 28 – Jim Davis,
American cartoonist ·
July 30 ·
Roger Dobkowitz, American game show producer ·
Patrick Modiano, French novelist, Nobel Prize laureate ·
Lloyd Carr, American football coach August[edit] ·
August 1 – Douglas D. Osheroff,
American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate ·
August 2 – Joanna Cassidy, American actress ·
August 4 – Alan Mulally, American businessman, former
CEO of the Ford Motor Company ·
August 5 ·
Loni Anderson, American actress ·
Ja'net Dubois, American actress and singer ·
August 6 – Ron Jones,
British director (d. 1993) ·
August 7 – Alan Page, American football player ·
August 9 – Posy Simmonds, English cartoonist ·
August 12 – J. D. McClatchy, American poet and literary
critic (d. 2018) ·
August 13 – Howard Marks, Welsh drug smuggler and author
(d. 2016) ·
Steve Martin, American actor and comedian ·
Valeriy Shmarov, Ukrainian politician
(d. 2018) ·
Eliana Pittman, Brazilian singer and actress ·
Wim Wenders, German film director and
producer ·
Bobby Trevińo, Mexican baseball player
(d. 2018) ·
Miyuki Matsuhisa, Japanese artistic gymnast ·
Khaleda Zia, Bangladesh politician and
2-Time Prime
Minister of Bangladesh ·
August 19 – Ian Gillan, English rock singer (Deep Purple) ·
August 20 – Jonathan Goodson, American television game
show producer and son of Mark Goodson ·
David Chase, American writer, director, and
television producer ·
Ron Dante, American rock singer, songwriter,
and record producer (The Archies) ·
Steve Kroft, American journalist and
correspondent for (60 Minutes) ·
August 24 – Vincent K. "Vince" McMahon,
American professional wrestling promoter, chairman and CEO of WWE ·
August 25 – Daniel Hulet, Belgian cartoonist (d. 2011) ·
August 26 – Tom Ridge, American politician ·
August 27 – Marianne Sägebrecht,
German film actress ·
Alyosha Abrahamyan,
Armenian football player (d. 2018) ·
Wyomia Tyus, American Olympic athlete ·
Van Morrison, Irish rock musician ·
Itzhak Perlman, Israeli-born American
violinist and conductor ·
Bob Welch,
American musician (d. 2012) September[edit] ·
September 1 – Mustafa Balel, Turkish writer ·
September 4 – Danny Gatton, American guitarist (d. 1994) ·
K. N. T. Sastry, Indian film critic,
director and writer (d. 2018) ·
Al Stewart, Scottish singer-songwriter ·
September 6 – Victor Ramahatra, 5th Prime Minister of
Madagascar ·
September 7 – Jacques Lemaire, Canadian ice hockey coach ·
Kelly Groucutt, British Bassist (d. 2009) ·
Ron
"Pigpen" McKernan, American musician (d. 1973) ·
Rogatien Vachon, Canadian ice hockey player ·
September 9 – Doug Ingle, American singer-songwriter ·
September 10 – José Feliciano,
Puerto Rican-American singer ·
September 11 – Franz Beckenbauer,
German footballer and coach ·
Russell "Jungle Jim" Liberman,
American drag racer (d.
1977) ·
Richard Thaler, American economist ·
September 14 – Martin Tyler, British sports broadcaster ·
September 15 – Jessye Norman, American soprano ·
September 16 – Pat Stevens, American voice actress
(d. 2010) ·
September 17 – Phil Jackson, American basketball coach ·
September 18 – P. F. Sloan, American singer-songwriter
(d. 2015) ·
September 19 – Randolph Mantooth,
American actor and motivational speaker ·
Candy Spelling, American socialite and
writer ·
Laurie Spiegel, American electronic composer ·
Shaw Clifton, General of the Salvation Army ·
Kay Ryan, American poet ·
September 22 – Gonzaguinha, Brazilian singer and composer
(d. 1991) ·
September 23 – Paul Petersen, child actor and advocate of
other child actors ·
September 24 – John Rutter, English choral composer and
conductor ·
September 25 – Dee Dee Warwick, American singer (d. 2008) ·
September 26 – Bryan Ferry, English singer-songwriter and
musician (Roxy Music) ·
September 27 – Jack Goldstein, Canadian artist (d. 2003) ·
September 29 – Nadezhda Chizhova,
Russian athlete ·
Ehud Olmert, 12th Prime Minister
of Israel ·
Ralph Siegel, German record producer and
songwriter October[edit] ·
Rod Carew, Panamanian-American baseball
player ·
Donny Hathaway, American soul
singer-songwriter (d. 1979) ·
Ram Nath Kovind, 14th President of India ·
October 2 – Don McLean, American rock singer-songwriter ·
Kay Baxter, American bodybuilder (d. 1988) ·
Viktor Saneyev, Soviet athlete ·
October 4 – Clifton Davis, American actor ·
October 5 – Brian Connolly, Scottish musician (d. 1997) ·
October 6 – Ivan Graziani, Italian singer-songwriter
(d. 1997) ·
October 9 – Vijaya Kumaratunga,
Sri Lankan film actor and politician (d. 1988) ·
Aurore Clément,
French actress ·
Dusty Rhodes,
American wrestler (d. 2015) ·
October 13 – Susan Stafford, American television
presenter ·
October 15 – Jim Palmer, American baseball player ·
Huell Howser, American television
personality, host of California's Gold (d. 2013) ·
Norio Wakamoto, Japanese voice actor ·
Yıldo, Turkish showman, footballer ·
Angus Deaton, Scottish-born economist,
recipient of the Nobel
Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences ·
John Lithgow, American actor ·
October 20 – George Wyner, American actor ·
Buzz Potamkin, American television producer
(d. 2012) ·
Yvan Ponton, Canadian actor and sportscaster ·
Kim Larsen, Danish rock musician (d. 2018) ·
Hugh Fraser,
English actor ·
Kim Larsen, Danish rock musician ·
October 24 – Eugenie Scott, Executive Director of
the National
Center for Science Education ·
Peter Ledger, Australian artist (d. 1994) ·
David
Schramm, American astrophysicist (d. 1997) ·
Keaton Yamada, Japanese voice actor ·
Pat Conroy, American author (d. 2016) ·
Jaclyn Smith, American actress and
businesswoman ·
Luiz Inácio
Lula da Silva, 35th President of Brazil ·
Carrie Snodgress, American actress (d. 2004) ·
Ching Li, Taiwanese actress (d. 2017) ·
Melba Moore, American singer and actress ·
Daniel Albright, American literary critic
and musicologist ·
October 30 – Henry Winkler, American actor, producer and
director ·
October 31 – Brian Doyle-Murray,
American actor November[edit] ·
November 3 – Gerd Müller, German footballer ·
November 5 – Jacques Lanctôt,
Canadian terrorist ·
Bob Englehart, American editorial cartoonist ·
Waljinah, Javanese singer ·
Michael Bishop,
American author ·
Tracy Kidder, American journalist and author ·
Neil Young, Canadian singer-songwriter and
musician ·
November 15 – Anni-Frid Lyngstad,
Norwegian rock singer ·
November 17 – Gordon
Phillips, English football player and manager (d. 2018) ·
Wilma Mankiller, Chief of the Cherokee
Nation (d. 2010) ·
Mahinda Rajapaksa,
President of Sri Lanka ·
November 21 – Goldie Hawn, American actress ·
Robert Ben Rhoades,
American serial killer and rapist also known as "The Truck Stop
Killer" ·
La Tigresa del
Oriente, Peruvian singer ·
Dennis Nilsen, Scottish serial killer
(d. 2018) ·
Jerry Harris, American sculptor ·
November 24 – Nuruddin Farah, Somali novelist ·
November 25 – Mary Jo Deschanel,
American actress ·
Daniel Davis, American actor ·
John McVie, English rock musician ·
Barbara
Anderson, American actress ·
James Avery,
American actor (d. 2013) ·
Mary Millington, British porn star (d. 1979) ·
Linda Bove, American actress December[edit] ·
December 1 – Bette Midler, American actress, comedian and
singer ·
December 2 – Charles
"Tex" Watson, American prisoner ·
December 3 – Bozhidar Dimitrov,
Bulgarian historian, politician, and polemicist (d. 2018) ·
December 4 – Geoff Emerick, English recording engineer
(d. 2018) ·
December 6 – Larry Bowa, American baseball player and
manager ·
December 7 – Clive Russell, English actor ·
December 9 – Michael Nouri, American actor ·
René Pétillon,
French satirical and political cartoonist (d. 2018) ·
Portia
Simpson-Miller, 2-Time Prime Minister
of Jamaica ·
Kathy Garver, American actress, author and
online radio hostess ·
Heather North, American actress (d. 2017) ·
December 16 – Patti Deutsch, American voice actress
(d. 2017) ·
Ernie Hudson, American actor ·
David Mallet,
British director ·
Chris Matthews, American news anchor ·
Ron Hunt,
English footballer (d. 2018) ·
Elaine Joyce, American actress and game show
panelist ·
Bruce Baker,
American geneticist (d. 2018) ·
Peter Criss, American rock drummer ·
Sivakant Tiwari, senior legal officer of
the Singapore Legal
Service (d. 2010) ·
December 21 – Mari Lill, Estonian actress ·
December 22 – Diane Sawyer, American news journalist ·
Lemmy, British singer and bassist (Motörhead) (d. 2015) ·
Nicholas Meyer, American screenwriter,
producer, director and novelist ·
Sharafuddin of
Selangor, Sultan of Selangor ·
Steve Smith,
Canadian actor, comedian and writer ·
December 25 – Gary Sandy, American actor ·
December 26 – John Walsh,
American media personality ·
December 28 – King Birendra of Nepal (d. 2001) ·
December 30 – Davy Jones,
English-born pop singer and actor (d. 2012) ·
Barbara Carrera, Nicaraguan-American actress ·
Vernon Wells,
Australian film and television actor Deaths[edit] January[edit] Blessed Nikolaus Gross ·
January 2 – Bertram Ramsay, British admiral (b. 1883) ·
January 3 – Edgar Cayce, American mysticist (b. 1877) ·
January 4 – Ricardo Jiménez
Oreamuno, 3-time President of
Costa Rica (b. 1859) ·
Josefa Llanes Escoda,
Filipino advocate of women's suffrage and founder of the Girl
Scouts of the Philippines (b. 1898) ·
Herbert Lumsden, British general (killed in
action) (b. 1897) ·
William Noble,
American missionary (b. 1866) ·
Vladimir Vernadsky,
Soviet mineralogist and geochemist (b. 1863) ·
Thomas McGuire, American World War II
fighter ace (b. 1920) ·
Prince
Rainier of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1900) ·
Dennis O'Neill,
British child killed by his foster parents, which scandal resulted in an
overhaul of the British Care Systems (b. 1932) ·
Jüri Uluots, Estonian statesman (b. 1890) ·
January 10 – Pēteris
Juraševskis, 8th Prime Minister
of Latvia (b. 1872) ·
January 12 – Teresio Olivelli, Italian Roman Catholic soldier and venerable
(b. 1916) ·
January 15 – Pedro Abad Santos,
Filipino politician, brother of Jose Abad Santos (b. 1876) ·
January 16 – José Fabella, Filipino physician (b. 1889) ·
Petar Bojović, Serbian field marshal
(b. 1858) ·
Gustave Mesny, French Army general (b. 1886) ·
January 20 – Federico Pedrocchi,
Italian artist and writer (b. 1907) ·
January 21 – Archibald Murray, British Army general
(b. 1860) ·
January 22 – Else Lasker-Schüler,
German poet and author (b. 1869) ·
Nikolaus Gross, German Roman Catholic layman, martyr and
blessed (b. 1898) ·
Newton E. Mason, United States Navy rear
admiral (b. 1850) ·
William Goodenough,
British admiral (b. 1867) ·
Pedro Paulet, Peruvian scientist (b. 1874) ·
January 31 – Eddie Slovik, American soldier (b. 1920) February[edit] ·
Anne Frank, German-born Jewish diarist and
writer (typhus in Bergen-Belsen
concentration camp) (b. 1929) ·
Teresa
Bogusławska, Polish poet (b. 1929) ·
Bogdan Filov, Bulgarian archaeologist,
historian and politician, 28th Prime Minister
of Bulgaria (b. 1883) ·
Dobri Bozhilov, 29th Prime Minister
of Bulgaria (b. 1884) ·
Ivan Ivanov
Bagryanov, 30th Prime Minister
of Bulgaria (b. 1891) ·
Prince Kiril of
Bulgaria (b. 1895) ·
Petar Gabrovski, former acting Prime Minister
of Bulgaria (b. 1898) ·
Adolf Brand, German writer (b. 1874) ·
Carl Friedrich
Goerdeler, German politician, civil servant, executive and
economist (b. 1884) ·
Gustav
Heistermann von Ziehlberg, German general (b. 1898) ·
Joe Hunt, American tennis champion (b. 1919) ·
February 3 – Roland Freisler, Nazi German judge (b. 1893) ·
Denise Bloch, French World War II heroine
(b. 1915) ·
Aurelio Craffonara,
Italian painter and illustrator (b. 1875) ·
Lilian Rolfe, French World War II heroine
(b. 1914) ·
Violette Szabo, French/British World War II
heroine (b. 1921) ·
February 6 – Robert Brasillach,
French writer (b. 1909) ·
February 7 – Karl Schwitalle, German Olympic weightlifter
(b. 1906) ·
February 8 – Robert
Mallet-Stevens, French architect and designer (b. 1886) ·
February 10 – Anacleto Díaz, Filipino jurist (murdered
during the Battle of Manila)
(b. 1878) ·
February 11 – Al Dubin, Swiss songwriter (b. 1891) ·
February 12 – Antonio Villa-Real,
Filipino jurist (murdered during the Battle of Manila)
(b. 1878) ·
February 13 – Maria Orosa, Filipino technologist, chemist,
humanitarian and WWII heroine (b. 1893) ·
February 15 – Helmut Möckel,
German youth leader and politician (b. 1909) ·
February 17 – Gabrielle Weidner,
Belgian World War II heroine (b. 1914) ·
Jimmy Butler,
American actor (b. 1921) ·
Ivan Chernyakhovsky,
Soviet general (b. 1906) ·
February 19 – Heinrich Jasper, German politician (b. 1875) ·
February 21 – Eric Liddell, British Olympic athlete
(b. 1902) ·
February 22 – Sara Josephine Baker,
American physician (b. 1873) ·
Serafino Mazzolini,
Italian politician, lawyer and journalist (b. 1890) ·
José María Moncada,
19th President of
Nicaragua (b. 1870) ·
February 24 – Josef Mayr-Nusser,
Italian Roman Catholic layman,
martyr and blessed (b. 1910) ·
February 25 – Mário de Andrade,
Brazilian writer and photographer (b. 1893) ·
James Roy Andersen,
American general (b. 1904) ·
Millard Harmon, American general (b. 1888) March[edit] Blessed Marcel Callo ·
March 2 – Emily Carr, Canadian artist (b. 1871) ·
March 3 – Aleksandra Samusenko,
Soviet WWII tank commander (b. 1922) ·
March 4 ·
Charles W. Bryan, American politician
(b. 1867) ·
Lucille La Verne, American actress (b. 1872) ·
Mark Sandrich, American director (b. 1900) ·
March 5 ·
Albert Richards,
British war artist (b. 1919) ·
Rupert Downes, Australian general (b. 1885) ·
George Vasey,
Australian general (b. 1895) ·
March 7 – Ralph Ignatowski, American WWII hero (killed
in action) (b. 1926) ·
March 8 – Frederick Bligh Bond,
British architect (b. 1864) ·
March 12 – Friedrich Fromm, German Nazi official
(executed) (b. 1888) ·
March 14 – Antônio Francisco
Braga, Brazilian composer (b. 1868) ·
March 16 – Börries von
Münchhausen, German poet (b. 1874) ·
March 18 – William
Grover-Williams, French race car driver and war hero (b. 1903) ·
March 19 – Marcel Callo, French Roman Catholic layman, martyr and
blessed (b. 1921) ·
March 20 ·
Lord Alfred Douglas,
English poet (b. 1870) ·
Maria Lacerda de
Moura, Brazilian feminist, anarchist, teacher, journalist and
teacher (b. 1887) ·
March 22 ·
Enrico Caviglia, Italian marshal (b. 1862) ·
Eliyahu Bet-Zuri, Israeli assassin
(executed) (b. 1922) ·
Eliyahu Hakim, Israeli assassin (executed)
(b. 1925) ·
John Hessin Clarke,
American Supreme Court Justice (b. 1857) ·
Branca de Gonta
Colaço, Portuguese writer, scholar and linguist (b. 1880) ·
Heinrich Maier, Austrian Roman Catholic priest and blessed
(b. 1908) ·
Takeichi Nishi, Japanese gold medalist at
the 1932 Summer Olympics and tank commander at Iwo Jima (b. 1902) ·
March 23 – Élisabeth de
Rothschild, French WWII heroine (b. 1902) ·
March 26 ·
David Lloyd George,
British politician and statesman, 51st Prime
Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1863) ·
Tadamichi
Kuribayashi, Imperial Japanese Army general and commander of the
battle of Iwo Jima (probably killed in action) (b. 1891) ·
Boris Shaposhnikov,
Soviet military leader, Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1882) ·
March 27 – Halid Ziya
Uşaklıgil, Turkish author (b. 1867) ·
March 29 – Ferenc Csik, Hungarian swimmer (b. 1913) ·
March 30 ·
Élise Rivet, French nun and war heroine
(b. 1890) ·
Maurice Rose, American general (killed in
action) (b. 1899) ·
March 31 ·
Harriet Boyd Hawes,
American archaeologist (b. 1871) ·
Hans Fischer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
(b. 1881) ·
Torgny Segerstedt,
Swedish newspaper editor and publicist (b. 1876) ·
Maria Skobtsova, Soviet Orthodox nun
and saint (killed by poison) (b. 1891) ·
Natalia Tulasiewicz,
Polish teacher and Roman Catholic blessed
(b. 1906) April[edit] ·
April
– Auguste
van Pels, German-Jewish housemate of Anne Frank (b. 1900)
(exact date unknown) ·
April 1 – Giuseppe Girotti, Italian Roman Catholic priest and blessed
(b. 1905) ·
April 5 – Huldreich Georg Früh,
Swiss composer (b. 1903) ·
April 7 ·
Elizabeth Bibesco,
British writer (b. 1897) ·
Seiichi Itō, Japanese admiral (killed
in action) (b. 1890) ·
April 9 ·
Dietrich Bonhoeffer,
German theologian (hanged) (b. 1906) ·
Wilhelm Canaris, German admiral and head of
the Abwehr (b. 1887) ·
April 10 ·
Frank Clark,
American actor (b. 1857) ·
Gloria Dickson, American actress (b. 1917) ·
H.N. Werkman,
Dutch artist and printer (b. 1882) ·
Walther Wever,
German fighter ace (killed in action) (b. 1923) ·
April 12 – Franklin D.
Roosevelt, American political leader and statesman, 32nd President
of the United States (b. 1882) ·
April 13 – Ernst Cassirer, German philosopher (b. 1874) ·
April 14 ·
Jean
Maurice Paul Jules de Noailles, Duke
of Ayen (b. 1893) ·
Wilma Vinsant, American flight nurse who
served during WWII (b. 1917) ·
April 16 – Ernst
Bergmann, German philosopher (b. 1881) ·
April 17 – Franz Heritsch, Austrian geologist and
paleontologist (b. 1882) ·
April 18 ·
Arthur Andrew
Cipriani, Trinidad and Tobago labour leader (b. 1875) ·
Ernie Pyle, American journalist (killed in
action) (b. 1900) ·
Conrad Weygand, German chemist (b. 1890) ·
William,
Prince of Albania (b. 1876) ·
April 21 ·
Edward
Colquhoun Charlton, British recipient of the Victoria Cross (b. 1920) ·
Walter Model, German field marshal (suicide)
(b. 1891) ·
April 22 ·
Käthe Kollwitz,
German artist (b. 1867) ·
Giuseppe Pagano, Italian architect (b. 1896) ·
April 24 – Ernst-Robert Grawitz,
German Reichsphysician (S.S. and Police) in the Third Reich (probable
suicide) (b. 1899) ·
April 26 ·
Carlo Grassi,
Italian worker and partisan (b. 1911) ·
Giovanni Preziosi,
Italian politician (b. 1881) ·
April 28 ·
Franz Brantzky, German painter, sculptor and
architecture (b. 1871) ·
Hermann Fegelein, German Nazi general
(b. 1906) ·
Benito Mussolini, Italian politician and
journalist, 27th Prime Minister of
Italy and Duce of Fascism (executed) (b. 1883) ·
Clara Petacci, mistress of Benito Mussolini
(b. 1912) ·
Nicola Bombacci, Italian Fascist politician
(b. 1879) ·
Achille Starace, Italian Fascist politician
(b. 1889) ·
Alessandro Pavolini,
Italian Fascist politician (b. 1903) ·
Roberto Farinacci,
Italian Fascist politician (b. 1892) ·
April 29 ·
Malcolm McGregor, American actor (b. 1892) ·
Manuel Pérez Trevińo,
Mexican politician (b. 1890) ·
April 30 ·
William Darby,
American creator of the U.S. Army Rangers (b. 1911) ·
Luisa Ferida, Italian actress (b. 1914) ·
Adolf Hitler, Austrian-German
politician, Chancellor of
Germany and Führer of Nazi
Germany (suicide) (b. 1889) ·
Eva Braun, wife of Adolf Hitler (suicide)
(b. 1912) May[edit] ·
May 1 ·
Joseph Goebbels, German Nazi propaganda
minister (b. 1897) ·
Magda Goebbels, wife of Joseph Goebbels
(b. 1901) ·
May 2 ·
Wilhelm Burgdorf, German general (suicide)
(b. 1895) ·
Max de Crinis, German psychiatry (b. 1889) ·
Hans Krebs,
German general (suicide) (b. 1898) ·
Prince
Waldemar of Prussia (b. 1889) ·
May 3 – Mario Blasich, Italian physician and
politician (b. 1878) ·
May 4 – Fedor von Bock, German field marshal
(b. 1880) ·
May 5 ·
George Cary,
American architect (b. 1859) ·
Peter van Pels, German-Jewish love interest
of diarist Anne Frank (b. 1926) ·
May 6 – Xhem Hasa, Albanian nationalist (b. 1908) ·
May 7 – Vladimir Boyarsky,
Soviet army officer (b. 1901) ·
May 8 ·
Ernst-Günther Baade,
German general (b. 1897) ·
Francis Bruguičre,
American photographer (b. 1875) ·
Wilhelm Rediess, SS and Police Leader of
Nazi-occupied Norway (b. 1900) ·
Josef Terboven, Reichskommissar of Nazi-occupied
Norway (b. 1898) ·
Bernhard Rust, education minister of Nazi Germany (b. 1883) ·
May 9 – Gustav Becking, German musician (b. 1894) ·
May 10 – Konrad Henlein, Sudeten German Nazi leader
(b. 1898) ·
May 11 – Kiyoshi Ogawa, Japanese kamikaze pilot (b. 1922) ·
May 14 ·
Joseph Barthélemy,
French jurist, politician and journalist (b. 1874) ·
Heber J. Grant, 7th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1856) ·
May 15 ·
Kenneth J. Alford,
British soldier and composer of military marches (b. 1881) ·
Charles
Williams, British author (b. 1886) ·
May 16 – Kaju Sugiura, Japanese admiral (b. 1896) ·
May 18 – William Joseph
Simmons, American founder of the second Ku Klux Klan (b. 1880) ·
May 19 – Philipp Bouhler, German Nazi leader
(b. 1899) ·
May 21 ·
Frank Cable, American naval architect
(b. 1863) ·
Horace B. Carpenter,
American actor (b. 1875) ·
Prince Kan'in
Kotohito, Japanese prince, member of the Imperial
Japanese Army General Staff Office (b. 1865) ·
May 23 – Heinrich Himmler, German head of the SS (b. 1900) ·
May 24 – Robert Ritter von
Greim, German field marshal (b. 1892) ·
May 25 – Rafael Estrella
Ureńa, Dominican lawyer and politician, acting President
of the Dominican Republic (b. 1889) ·
May 31 – Odilo Globocnik, Austrian Nazi leader
(b. 1904) June[edit] Prince Luís
Fernando de Orleans y Borbón ·
June 2 – József Heszlényi,
Hungarian general (b. 1890) ·
June 4 – Georg Kaiser, German dramatist (b. 1878) ·
June 7 – Kitaro Nishida, Japanese philosopher
(b. 1870) ·
June 8 – Robert Desnos, French poet and resistance
fighter (b. 1900) ·
June 13 – Minoru Ōta, Japanese admiral (b. 1891) ·
June 15 ·
Nikola Avramov, Bulgarian painter (b. 1897) ·
Carl Gustaf Ekman,
Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1872) ·
June 16 ·
Henry Bellamann, American writer (b. 1882) ·
Nikolai Berzarin, Soviet Red Army general
(b. 1904) ·
Nils Edén, 15th Prime Minister of Sweden
(b. 1871) ·
Aris Velouchiotis,
Greek World War II resistance leader (b. 1905) ·
June 18 ·
Simon Bolivar
Buckner, Jr., American general, killed in action at Okinawa (b. 1886) ·
William
Frederick, Prince of Wied (b. 1872) ·
June 19 – Seweryn Franciszek
Światopełk-Czetwertyński, Polish politician
(b. 1873) ·
June 20 – Prince Luís
Fernando de Orleans y Borbón (b. 1888) ·
June 22 ·
Isamu Chō, Japanese general (b. 1895) ·
Mitsuru Ushijima, Japanese general (b. 1887) ·
June 23 ·
Maria Raffaella
Cimatti, Italian member of the Hospitaler Sisters of Mercy, religious
sister and blessed (b. 1861) ·
Giuseppina Tuissi,
Italian resistance member (b. 1923) ·
June 24 – José Gutiérrez
Solana, Spanish painter (b. 1886) ·
June 26 – Javier Ángel
Figueroa, Chilean lawyer and politician (b. 1862) ·
June 27 ·
Alberto Capozzi, Italian actor (b. 1886) ·
Emil Hácha, 3rd President of
Czechoslovakia and State President of Protectorate
of Bohemia and Moravia (b. 1872) ·
June 30 ·
Gabriel El-Registan,
Soviet poet (b. 1899) ·
Germogen,
Yugoslav bishop and metropolitan (b. 1861) July[edit] ·
July 1 – Félix Evaristo Mejía,
Dominican diplomat, educator and writer (b. 1866) ·
July 2 – Óscar R. Benavides,
Peruvian field marshal, diplomat and politician, President of Peru (b. 1876) ·
July 5 – John Curtin, 14th Prime
Minister of Australia (b. 1885) ·
July 7 – Peter To Rot, Papuan Roman Catholic layman, martyr and
blessed (b. 1912) ·
July 9 – Luigi
Aldrovandi Marescotti, Italian politician and diplomat (b. 1876) ·
July 12 – Wolfram
Freiherr von Richthofen, German field marshal (b. 1895) ·
July 13 – Alla Nazimova, Russian-born American actress
(b. 1879) ·
July 16 – Addison Randall, American actor (b. 1906) ·
July 17 – Ernst Busch,
German field marshal (b. 1885) ·
July 19 – George Barbier,
American actor (b. 1864) ·
July 20 – Paul Valéry, French poet (b. 1871) ·
July 25 – Malin Craig, United States Army general
(b. 1875) ·
July 28 – Margot Asquith, Countess of Oxford and Asquith (b. 1864) ·
July 29 – Maria Pierina De Micheli, Italian Roman Catholic religious sister, mystic
and blessed (b. 1890) ·
July 31 – Artemio Ricarte, Filipino general (b. 1866) August[edit] ·
August 1 – Blas Cabrera Felipe,
Spanish physicist (b. 1878) ·
August 2 – Pietro Mascagni, Italian composer (b. 1863) ·
August 3 – Roman Kochanowski,
Polish painter and illustrator (b. 1857) ·
August 8 – Joseph Pujol, Le Pétomane, French flatulist
(b. 1857) ·
August 7 – Jacques
Vaillant de Guélis, French WWII hero (b. 1907) ·
August 9 ·
Harry Hillman, American track athlete
(b. 1881) ·
Jun Tosaka, Japanese philosopher (b. 1900) ·
August 10 – Robert H. Goddard,
American rocket scientist (b. 1882) ·
August 12 – Karl Leisner, German Roman Catholic priest and blessed
(b. 1915) ·
Korechika Anami, Japanese general (b. 1887) ·
Matome Ugaki, Japanese admiral (b. 1890) ·
August 16 – Takijirō
Ōnishi, Japanese admiral (b. 1891) ·
Subhas Chandra Bose,
Indian political leader (b. 1897) ·
Sarala Devi
Chaudhurani, Indian educationist (b. 1872) ·
August 19 – Tomás Burgos, Chilean philanthropist
(b. 1875) ·
August 22 – Mustafa Al-Maraghi,
Egyptian reformer (b. 1881) ·
August 24 – Shizuichi Tanaka, Japanese general (b. 1887) ·
John Birch,
American missionary (killed in action) (b. 1918) ·
Willis Augustus Lee,
American admiral and Olympic shooter (b. 1888) ·
Pio Collivadino, Argentinian painter
(b. 1869) ·
Franz Werfel, Austrian writer (b. 1890) ·
August 27 – Maria Pilar
Izquierdo Albero, Spanish Roman Catholic religious professed and
blessed (b. 1906) ·
August 29 – Fritz Pfleumer, German engineer and inventor
(b. 1881) ·
August 30 – Florencio
Harmodio Arosemena, 6th President of Panama (b. 1872) ·
Stefan Banach, Polish mathematician
(b. 1892) ·
Macarius
III of Alexandria, Egyptian patriarch and saint (b. 1872) September[edit] ·
September 1 – Frank Craven, American actor (b. 1881) ·
Witold Leon
Czartoryski, Polish nobleman (b. 1864) ·
John S. McCain Sr.,
American admiral (b. 1884) ·
September 9 – Aage Bertelsen, Danish painter (b. 1873) ·
September 12 – Sugiyama Hajime, Japanese general (b. 1880) ·
Harry Daghlian, American physicist (b. 1921) ·
André Tardieu, 3-Time Prime Minister of
France (b. 1876) ·
Anton Webern, Austrian composer (b. 1883) ·
September 16 – John McCormack,
Irish tenor (b. 1884) ·
September 18 – José Agripino Barnet,
Cuban politician and diplomat, acting President of Cuba (b. 1864) ·
Jack Thayer, American survivor of the sinking of the
RMS Titanic (b. 1894) ·
Eduard Wirths, German doctor, chief SS
doctor at Auschwitz
concentration camp (b. 1909) ·
Augusto Tasso
Fragoso, Brazilian soldier and statesman, Interim President of Brazil (b. 1869) ·
September 24 – Hans Geiger, German physicist and inventor
(b. 1882) ·
Béla Bartók, Hungarian composer (b. 1881) ·
A. Peter Dewey, first American casualty
in Vietnam (b. 1916) ·
Kiyoshi Miki, Japanese philosopher (b. 1897) October[edit] ·
October 1 – Walter Bradford
Cannon, American physiology (b. 1871) ·
October 6 – Hans Vogel, Chairman of the Social
Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) (b. 1881) ·
October 10 – Joseph Darnand, Vichy France politician
(b. 1897) ·
October 12 – Dmytro Antonovych,
Soviet politician (b. 1877) ·
October 13 – Milton S. Hershey,
American chocolate tycoon (b. 1857) ·
October 15 – Pierre Laval, French politician,
2-time Prime Minister
of France (executed) (b. 1883) ·
October 18 – Yoshiki
Yahama, Japanese author (b. 1894) ·
Plutarco Elías
Calles, Mexican general and politician, 40th President of Mexico (b.
1877) ·
N. C. Wyeth, American illustrator (b. 1882) ·
October 21 – Henry Armetta, Italian actor (b. 1888) ·
October 24 – Vidkun Quisling, Norwegian collaborationist
leader (b. 1887) ·
October 25 – Robert Ley, German Nazi politician (b. 1890) ·
October 26 – Paul Pelliot, French explorer (b. 1878) ·
October 28 – Gilbert Emery, American actor (b. 1875) ·
Włodzimierz
Arlamowski, Polish WWII hero (b. 1923) ·
Sinn Sing Hoi, Chinese composer (b. 1905) ·
Ignacio Zuloaga, Basque Spanish painter
(b. 1870) ·
Henry Ainley, British actor (b. 1879) November[edit] ·
November 7 – Gus Edwards, American songwriter (b. 1879) ·
November 8 – August von Mackensen,
German field marshal (b. 1849) ·
November 11 – Jerome Kern, American composer (b. 1885) ·
November 16 – Sigurđur Eggerz, Minister for Iceland during World War I and 2nd Prime Minister
of Iceland (b. 1875) ·
November 17 – Frederick Francis IV, Grand Duke of
Mecklenburg-Schwerin (b. 1882) ·
November 19 – Carlo Alberto
Biggini, Italian Fascist politician (b. 1902) ·
November 20 – Francis William
Aston, British chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
(b. 1877) ·
Robert Benchley, American humorist, theater
critic, and actor (b. 1889) ·
Al Davis, American boxer (b. 1920) ·
Alice Dudeney, British author (b. 1866) ·
Ellen Glasgow, American novelist (b. 1873) ·
Alexander Patch, United States Army
lieutenant general, World War II army commander (b. 1889) ·
November 22 – Irma Ingertha Gram,
Norwegian historian (b. 1873) ·
November 23 – Charles Armijo
Woodruff, 11th Governor of
American Samoa (b. 1884) ·
November 25 – Doris Keane, American stage actress
(b. 1881) ·
November 27 – Josep Maria Sert, Spanish Catalan muralist
(b. 1874) ·
November 28 – Dwight F. Davis, American tennis player
(b. 1879) ·
November 30 – Shigeru Honjō, Japanese general
(suicide) (b. 1876) December[edit] ·
December 1 – Anton Dostler, German general (executed)
(b. 1891) ·
December 3 – George McKay,
Soviet-born American actor (b. 1884) ·
December 4 – Thomas Hunt Morgan,
American biologist, geneticist and embryologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology
(b. 1866) ·
December 5 – Cosmo Lang, Archbishop of
Canterbury (b. 1864) ·
December 8 – Gabriellino
D'Annunzio, Italian actor, director and screenwriter (b. 1886) ·
December 12 – Prince
Frederick of Schaumburg-Lippe (b. 1868) ·
Juana Bormann, Nazi
concentration camp guard (executed) (b. 1893) ·
Henri Dentz, French general (b. 1881) ·
Irma Grese, warden at Bergen-Belsen
concentration camp (executed) (b. 1923) ·
Josef Kramer, commandant of Bergen-Belsen
concentration camp (executed) (b. 1906) ·
Elisabeth Volkenrath,
supervisor at Nazi
concentration camps (executed) (b. 1919) ·
Francis Aupiais, French missionary (b. 1877) ·
Forrester Harvey, Irish actor (b. 1884) ·
Giovanni Agnelli, Italian entrepreneur
(b. 1866) ·
Fumimaro Konoe, Japanese general and
politician, 23rd Prime Minister of
Japan (b. 1891) ·
Farley Drew
Caminetti, American publisher (b. 1886) ·
Leonard F. Wing, American general and Vermont politician (b. 1893) ·
December 21 – George S. Patton, American general (b. 1885) ·
December 22 – Otto Neurath, Austrian philosopher and
political economist (b. 1892) ·
December 24 – Luis Chamizo
Trigueros, Spanish writer (b. 1894) ·
Karl
Borromaeus Maria Josef Heller, Austrian entomologist (b. 1864) ·
Duy Tân, Emperor of Vietnam (b. 1900) ·
Russell Gleason, American actor (b. 1907) ·
Roger Keyes,
1st Baron Keyes, British admiral (b. 1872) ·
December 28 – Theodore Dreiser, American author (b. 1871) Nobel Prizes[edit] ·
Chemistry – Artturi Ilmari
Virtanen ·
Physiology
or Medicine – Sir Alexander Fleming, Ernst Boris Chain,
Sir Howard Florey ·
Literature – Gabriela Mistral ·
Peace – Cordell Hull References[edit] 1.
^ "ANC-AMurphy".
Arlingtoncemetery.org. Archived from the original on September 15, 2010.
Retrieved 2012-01-16. 2.
^ "One day they simply weren't there any
more..." (PDF). anne
frank house. March 2015. Retrieved 11 April 2015. 3.
^ "Penicillin Pills May Replace Injection". The Milwaukee
Sentinel. 1945-02-16. Retrieved 2012-05-22. 4.
^ "SS General von Steuben [+1945]".
WreckSite. Retrieved 2010-12-06. 5.
^ Guinness Book of World Records. 2008. p. 137. 6.
^ Year by Year – 1945. History
International. 7.
^ Nohlen, Dieter;
Stöver, Philip, eds. (2010). Elections in Europe: A data handbook.
Baden-Baden: Nomos. p. 1678. ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7. 8.
^ Mayne, Alan James (1999). From Politics Past to Politics Future: An Integrated
Analysis of Current and Emergent Paradigms. Greenwood Publishing
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Retrieved 2013-08-31. 9.
^ "1945". A WW2 Timeline.
Worldwar-2.net. Retrieved 2012-11-07. 10.
^ Smythe, John (1967). Bolo Whistler: The Life of
General Sir Lashmer Whistler. London: Muller. 11.
^ Duncan, George R. "Massacres
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^ Waller, Derek (2010-09-25). "U-Boats
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^ Dizdar, Zdravko (December 2005). "Prilog istraživanju problema Bleiburga i križnih
putova (u povodu 60. obljetnice)" [An addition to the
research of the problem of Bleiburg and the Way of the Cross (dedicated to
their 60th anniversary)]. The Review of Senj (in Croatian). Senj,
Croatia: City Museum Senj; Senj Museum Society. 32 (1):
117–193. ISSN 0582-673X.
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^ Bethell, Nicholas (1974). The Last
Secret. London. 18.
^ Palaich, Michael (1991). "Bleiburg
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^ "Brief
History (timeline)", AI Topics, Association for the Advancement of Artificial
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^ "1945: Labour landslide buries Churchill". BBC
News. April 5, 2005. 22.
^ Pike, John. "The Soviet Army Offensive: Manchuria, 1945".
Globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2012-01-16. 23.
^ Angier, R. B.; Boothe, J. H.; Hutchings, B. L.;
Mowat, J. H.; Semb, J.; Stokstad, E. L. R.; Subbarow, Y.; Waller, C. W.;
Cosulich, D. B.; Fahrenbach, M. J.; Hultquist, M. E.; Kuh, E.; Northey, E.
H.; Seeger, D. R.; Sickels, J. P.; Smith Jr, J. M. (1945). "Synthesis of
a Compound Identical with the L. Casei Factor Isolated from
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^ Hoffbrand, A. V.; Weir, D. G. (2001). "The
history of folic acid". British
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^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Jessup,
John E. (1989). A Chronology of Conflict and Resolution, 1945-1985. New
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^ "Discovery of Promethium". Oak
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from the original on June 22, 2011.
Retrieved 2011-06-16. Further reading[edit] ·
Ian Buruma. Year Zero: A History of
1945 (Penguin Press; 2013) 368 pages; covers liberation, revenge,
decolonization, and the rise of the United Nations. ·
Keith
Lowe. Savage Continent: Europe in the Aftermath of World War II (2012) excerpt
and text search ·
Walter
Yust, ed. 10 Eventful Years, 1937 – 1946 Chicago:
Encyclopćdia Britannica, 1947, 4 vol., encyclopedia yearbook |
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